The electrostatic self-assembly of polymer on proton exchange membrane was studied by calorimetric tech-nique. The titration of poly diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) into Nation membrane was designed and perfor...
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The electrostatic self-assembly of polymer on proton exchange membrane was studied by calorimetric tech-nique. The titration of poly diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) into Nation membrane was designed and performed to determine the thermodynamic parameters. The enthalpy change △rH(○)m and binding constant K in the process of self-assembly were obtained from data analysis with the help of Origin. According to the calculated thermodynamic parameters, the electrostatic self-assembly of PDDA on the proton exchange membrane is an 'en-thalpy-driven' reaction. The released heat indicates decrease of energy, which is helpful for the occurrence of the self-assembly process, and the degree of disorder is reduced, which went against the adsorption process. As to everyion bond, the value of △rH(○)m of DDA is beyond PDDA because a small molecule can bind itself to the membranewithout steric hindrance.
Transparent Fe-doped In2O3 thin film was prepared by sol-gel method on (general) glass substrate. The structure, morphologies, transmission and magnetic properties of the sample have been characterized by X-ray diffra...
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Transparent Fe-doped In2O3 thin film was prepared by sol-gel method on (general) glass substrate. The structure, morphologies, transmission and magnetic properties of the sample have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. XRD result indicated that the sample was single cubic In2O3 phase. FE-SEM clearly showed that the film was homogenous and composed of refining grain with an average size of 14 nm. UV-Vis spectrum indicated that the transmittance of the film was higher than 80% in the visible light, and the Fe-doped In2O3 film arose the optical absorption spectrum red shift. VSM demonstrated the sample was (room temperature ferromagnetic.
The transition-metal carbide cemented by metal has excellent combined properties. In this study, cermets were prepared by vacuum sintering from carbide-metal composite powders. The transition- metal oxides (Cr 2O3, Mo...
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The transition-metal carbide cemented by metal has excellent combined properties. In this study, cermets were prepared by vacuum sintering from carbide-metal composite powders. The transition- metal oxides (Cr 2O3, MoO3, V2O5, Nb 2O5 and TiO2), cementing-metal oxides (Co 3O4 and NiO), and carbon black were used as raw materials to pre-synthesize composite powders such as Cr3C2-Co, Mo2C-Co, VC-Co, NbC-Co and TiC-Ni, by a direct reduction and carburization process in vacuum. Results show that the participation of Co 3O4 and NiO as well as the vacuum circumstance were greatly propitious to the carburization of transition-metal oxides into carbides. The carbothermal condition was greatly improved by the direct reduction and carburization process.
A series of samples of hexagonal boron nitride-aluminum nitride (10-90, 15-85, 20-80, 25-75, 30-70wt.%) ceramic composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1650°C-1800°C fo...
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A series of samples of hexagonal boron nitride-aluminum nitride (10-90, 15-85, 20-80, 25-75, 30-70wt.%) ceramic composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1650°C-1800°C for 5min. Different amounts of CaF2 were added as sintering aids. The effects of CaF2 and sintering temperature on densification and dielectric properties were discussed. The addition of CaF2 enhances relative dielectric constant and loss tangent of the samples. The increase in sintering temperature promotes the densification and decreases the dielectric loss tangent. When being sintered at 1700°C, the relative density, dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent of the sample with 15wt.%BN are 98.04%, 7.15 and 6.31×10-4 respectively.
Composite magnetic particles (CMPs) with carbonyl iron (CI) core and N-glucose ethylenediamine triacetic acid (GED3A) shell were prepared by an in-situ chelating reaction, where the CI surface was coated with GED3A. A...
Composite magnetic particles (CMPs) with carbonyl iron (CI) core and N-glucose ethylenediamine triacetic acid (GED3A) shell were prepared by an in-situ chelating reaction, where the CI surface was coated with GED3A. And novel kind of aqueous magnetorheological (MR) fluids were prepared with thus obtained CMPs. The properties of CMPs, including morphology, structure, and magnetic behaviours were characterized, and the magnetorheological properties of the MR fluids were analyzed via a strain-controlled rheometer. It was found that the MR fluids exhibited high shear stress and quick response rate to magnetic field. Furthermore, the dispersion stability and the anti-oxidation property were substantially improved as revealed by stability test.
The 5-axis milling processes were conducted with several uncoated WC-Co tools, which are with taper ball end mills with four flutes. There is a severe problem of high rate of tool failure, which has led to the high co...
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The 5-axis milling processes were conducted with several uncoated WC-Co tools, which are with taper ball end mills with four flutes. There is a severe problem of high rate of tool failure, which has led to the high cost and low productivity of the milling process. In order to find out the real reason, some former work, which included the tool geometry analysis, tool path and tool posture analysis, as well as the cutting force calculating, had been done. It has been found that most of the tool failures are resulted from cutting edge chipping or the workpiece material of titanium alloys attached to the tool, Meanwhile, a suddenly applied load or an abrupt unloading of the tool at the end of a cut is another important factor. Moreover, the tool materials had been analyzed, which included the element composition analysis with XRD, the microstructure analysis with SEM. XRD results indicate the cobalt at the tip of tool is less than at the shank of tool. SEM results indicate there are micro-cracks concentrated in the cutting edge area. The tool material failure mechanism will be set up based on the tool material analysis in this study.
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