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SSRN 2025年

作者： Ma, Xuemin Wang, Ying Chen, Shuhe Wu, Changyong Wang, Weipeng Wang, Yue Engineering Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China College of Urban and Rural Construction Agricultural University of Hebei Baoding071001 China

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) are major volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with petroleum production, posing significant health risks via inhalation. Conventional risk assessments primarily focus on single-compound or single-concentration exposures, overlooking the complex mixed-exposure scenarios prevalent at contaminated sites. This study refines health risk assessment frameworks by incorporating bioaccessibility-driven indices for inhalation exposure. Using a membrane oxygenator system, benzene and ethylbenzene were evaluated as representative pollutants under single and mixed exposures at low (5 mg/kg), medium (10 mg/kg), and high (20 mg/kg) concentrations. Results revealed significantly enhanced bioaccessibility of benzene and ethylbenzene in simulated lung fluid under mixed exposure compared to single exposure (P © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Robust control for active suspension system under steering condition

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第2期60卷 199-208页

作者： WANG ChunYan DENG Ke ZHAO WanZhong ZHOU Guan LI XueSong Department of Automotive Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics State Key Laboratory of Automobile Simulation and Control Jilin University

To minimize the auto body's posture change caused by steering and uneven road, and improve the vehicle's riding comfort and handling stability, this paper presents an H∞ robust controller of the active suspension system, which considers the effects of different steering conditions on its dynamic performance. The vehicle's vibration in the yaw, roll, pitch and vertical direction and the suspension's dynamic deflection in the steering process are taken into account for the designed H∞ robust controller, and it introduces the frequency weight function to improve the riding comfort in the specific sensitive frequency bands to human body. The proposed robust controller is testified through simulation and steering wheel angle step test. The results show that the active suspension with the designed robust controller can enhance the anti-roll capability of the vehicle, inhibit the changes of the body, and improve the riding comfort of the vehicle under steering condition. The results of this study can provide certain theoretical basis for the research and application of active suspension system.

关键词： vehicle active suspension system steering condition H∞ robust control sensitive frequency bands

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Quantitative relationship between hippocampal injury and mechanical load and body weight in closed head injury of male rats using quadratic orthogonal regression

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-13页

作者： Wang, Peng Song, Xuewei Wang, Qiushi Qiu, Jinlong Zhu, Xiyan Yu, Tianming Xiang, Hongyi Zhao, Hui State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control College of Automotive Engineering Jilin University Jilin Changchun China Institute for Traffic Medicine Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China

Memory dysfunction, a common symptom following closed head impact injuries, suggests deficits in hippocampal function. This defect is thought to be related to impact strength and individual animal weight. In this study, head impact experiments were performed on male Sprague Dawley rats to establish a quantitative relationship between impact strength, body weight and hippocampal injury. A two-factor, three-level experimental design was established using the L₉(3⁴) orthogonal table, with impact strength and body weight as the variables. According to the protocol, rats were injured using a BIM-IV animal impact machine, and the effects of impact strength and body weight factors on hippocampal injury were evaluated by the results of Morris water maze and hematoxylin–eosin staining of the hippocampus at 24 h post-injury. Using the percentage of cell loss in the hippocampus as an indicator, quadratic regression models were established to describe the effects of impact strength and body weight on cell loss in the CA1, CA3, and DG regions of the hippocampus. The results revealed a quadratic, non-linear relationship between impact strength, body weight and the percentage of cell loss in these regions. Specifically, increasing impact strength resulted in a higher proportion of cell loss, whereas increasing body weight was associated with a reduction in cell loss. Consistent with these pathological findings, higher impact strength prolonged the time required for rats to locate the hidden platform in the Morris water maze, while higher body weight shortened the platform-finding time under the same impact strength. The quadratic orthogonal regression equations for hippocampal injury as a function of mechanical load and body weight provide valuable insights for predicting hippocampal damage and understanding its underlying mechanisms. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Closed head injury Hippocampal injury Quadratic orthogonal regression

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Hydrothermal aging alleviates hydrocarbon poisoning effects on high-silica Cu-SSZ-16 catalysts for NH 3 -SCR

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年 158卷 13-23页

作者： Huan Zhou Jianqi Liu Yan Zhang Shichao Han Jinpeng Du Wenpo Shan Fujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port-Petrochemical Industry Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315800 China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Hydrocarbons (HCs) exert toxic effects on the activity of Cu-based zeolite catalysts for NH 3 -SCR on diesel vehicles. This study investigated the hydrocarbon resistance of both fresh and hydrothermally aged high-silica Cu-SSZ-16 catalysts. It was found that low-temperature activity of Cu-SSZ-16 catalyst decreased after C 3 H 6 poisoning, which was mainly due to the blockage of pore channels and the coverage of Cu active sites as well as acid sites by the formation of carbon deposits. Additionally, [Cu(OH)] + -Z was proposed to be more easily affected by C 3 H 6 poisoning than Cu 2+ -2Z. Hydrothermally aged Cu-SSZ-16 presented better C 3 H 6 resistance than the fresh catalyst since less carbon deposits were accumulated and [Cu(OH)] + -Z species were partially transformed to more-stable Cu 2+ -2Z in the aged sample. This was probably because of the reduction of acid sites and the formation of CuO x , which enhanced the oxidation of C 3 H 6 , thereby inhibiting the formation of carbon deposits. In addition, the coverage of the active Cu species also influenced the adsorption and oxidation of NO, causing a decrease in low-temperature activity. Thus, the low-temperature activity could be fully recovered by hydrothermal treatment at 500 °C due to the removal of carbon deposits and recovery of Cu active sites as well as acid sites. In summary, high-silica Cu-SSZ-16, with high resistance to HCs and excellent hydrothermal stability, is a competitive candidate as a catalyst for the NH 3 -SCR reaction in practical application.

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Antibiotic resistance occurrence and ecological impact in landfill leachate: A review on compound effect of antibiotics and non-antibiotics

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Emerging Contaminants 2025年第3期11卷

作者： Xu, Yongtao Li, Dan Yuan, Ying Fang, Fei Xi, Beidou Tan, Wenbing State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Technical Centre for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing 100012 China

Landfilling remains one of the primary methods for managing municipal solid waste (MSW), processing approximately 350 million tons of waste annually. Among the various components of landfill waste, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), including both antibiotics and non-antibiotic compounds, pose significant environmental challenges. Landfill leachate is a highly complex medium, consisting of diverse contaminants such as non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals (average concentration ∼1.74 μg/L), antibiotics (average concentration ∼527 ng/L), heavy metals, dissolved organic matter, and micro/nano-plastics (concentration range 0.64–2.16 mg/L). This unique mixture can alter the native microbial community structure, profoundly impacting antibiotic resistance, potentially disrupting soil and groundwater ecosystems, and threatening ecological balance. Existing research has extensively investigated the composition, physicochemical properties, environmental behavior, and microbial community structure of landfill leachate, leading to significant advancements in the field. However, due to the complexity and large volume of landfill leachate, current risk assessment approaches predominantly rely on conventional pollutant indicators, and most treatment strategies are designed for general contaminants. There is a lack of systematic descriptions that integrate pollutants with their direct impacts on microbial communities. This review focuses on the current pollution status, spatiotemporal trends, interactions, and migration risks of antibiotics and non-antibiotic pollutants in landfill leachate. In particular, we explore the in situ emergence of antibiotic resistance in landfill leachate (rather than the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes) and examine the influence of various leachate components on antibiotic resistance. By emphasizing the importance of understanding the combined effects of antibiotics and non-antibiotic pollutants in landfill environments, t

关键词： Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics and non-antibiotic substances Composition effect Landfill leachate

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Identification of Maximum Road Friction Coefficient and Optimal Slip Ratio Based on Road Type Recognition

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第5期27卷 1018-1026页

作者： GUAN Hsin WANG Bo LU Pingping XU Liang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

The identification of maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip ratio is crucial to vehicle dynamics and ***,it is always not easy to identify the maximum road friction coefficient with high robustness and good adaptability to various vehicle operating *** existing investigations on robust identification of maximum road friction coefficient are *** this paper,an identification approach based on road type recognition is proposed for the robust identification of maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip *** instantaneous road friction coefficient is estimated through the recursive least square with a forgetting factor method based on the single wheel model,and the estimated road friction coefficient and slip ratio are grouped in a set of samples in a small time interval before the current time,which are updated with time *** current road type is recognized by comparing the samples of the estimated road friction coefficient with the standard road friction coefficient of each typical road,and the minimum statistical error is used as the recognition principle to improve identification *** the road type is recognized,the maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip ratio are *** numerical simulation tests are conducted on two typical road friction conditions（single-friction and joint-friction）by using CarSim *** test results show that there is little identification error between the identified maximum road friction coefficient and the pre-set value in *** proposed identification method has good robustness performance to external disturbances and good adaptability to various vehicle operating conditions and road variations,and the identification results can be used for the adjustment of vehicle active safety control strategies.

关键词： maximum road friction coefficient optimal slip ratio road type recognition recursive least square

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Semi-empirical equivalent circuit model and evaluation of energy losses for alkaline electrolysis stack in dynamic operations

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 138卷 859-873页

作者： Sha, LianDong Lin, Jin Qi, Ruomei Li, Qinghui Li, Wenying Lin, Ruixiao Gao, Danhui Li, Hang Li, Xiaolong Yang, Chenxi Song, Yonghua State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Tsinghua-Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Chengdu610213 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu610213 China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau 999078 China

In various applications of alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) for hydrogen production, the efficiency of AWE stacks is a critical concern. Emerging applications involve significant dynamic operations, necessitating the evaluation of their impact on stack efficiency. However, a quantitative understanding of the power losses within AWE stacks under dynamic conditions remains limited. A significant research challenge exists in the development of models for AWE stacks that can accommodate dynamic operating conditions, and there is a need for a systematic approach to classify and quantify energy losses within the stack. This paper presents a quantitative assessment method for losses in AWE stacks based on a semi-empirical equivalent circuit model (SECM). The losses within the AWE stack are categorized into four types based on their generation mechanisms: overpotential losses, shunt current losses, non-Faradaic losses, and electrochemical cycling losses (cycling losses for short). Using experimental data from 5 MW and 10 kW AWE stacks, the parameters of the SECM observer are identified through a stepwise data-driven approach, resulting in a mean square error of less than 46.4 mV for 5 MW stack and 80.9 mV for 10 kW stack. The constructed SECM observer is employed to simulate the proportion of various losses under different dynamic operating conditions. This paper focuses on the efficiency and loss behaviors of AWE stacks under multi-stack switching strategies. Case studies demonstrate that the current range, ramp rate, regulation period, and duty cycle significantly influence the four types of losses. Based on the SECM observer, recommended parameters for multi-stack switching are provided. This work contributes to accurate assessment of AWE stack efficiency under dynamic operations and provides a methodology for designing AWE stack operating strategies. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Alkaline water electrolysis stack Dynamic operation Efficiency Electrochemical cycling losses Equivalent circuit model Multi-stack switching strategies

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One Step Positive Approach for Sheet Metal Forming simulation Based on Quasi-conjugate-gradient Method

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2013年第4期26卷 730-736页

作者： NA Jingxin CHEN Wei State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

In one step inverse finite element approach, an initial blank shape is normally predicted from the final deformed shape. The final deformed shape needs to be trimmed into a final part after stamping, the trimmed area, therefore, needs to be compensated manually before using one step inverse approach, which causes low efficiency and in consistency with the real situation. To solve this problem, one step positive approach is proposed to simulate the sheet metal stamping process. Firstly the spatial initial solution of one step positive method is preliminarily obtained by using the mapping relationship and area coordinates, then based on the deformation theory the iterative solving is carried out in three-dimensional coordinate system by using quasi-conjugate-gradient method. During iterative process the contact judgment method is introduced to ensure that the nodes on the spatial initial solution are not separated from die surface. The predicted results of sheet metal forming process that include the shape and thickness of the stamped part can be obtained after the iterative solving process. The validity of the proposed approach is verified by comparing the predicted results obtained through the proposed approach with those obtained through the module of one step inverse approach in Autoform and the real stamped part. In one step positive method, the stamped shape of regular sheet can be calculated fast and effectively. During the iterative solution, the quasi-conjugate-gradient method is proposed to take the place of solving system of equations, and it can improve the stability and precision of the algorithm.

关键词： positive approach deformation theory quasi-conjugate-gradient method

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Dual Extended Kalman Filter for Combined Estimation of Vehicle state and Road Friction

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2013年第2期26卷 313-324页

作者： ZONG Changfu HU Dan ZHENG Hongyu State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

Vehicle state and tire-road adhesion are of great use and importance to vehicle active safety control systems. However, it is always not easy to obtain the information with high accuracy and low expense. Recently, many estimation methods have been put forward to solve such problems, in which Kalman filter becomes one of the most popular techniques. Nevertheless, the use of complicated model always leads to poor real-time estimation while the role of road friction coefficient is often ignored. For the purpose of enhancing the real time performance of the algorithm and pursuing precise estimation of vehicle states, a model-based estimator is proposed to conduct combined estimation of vehicle states and road friction coefficients. The estimator is designed based on a three-DOF vehicle model coupled with the Highway Safety Research Institute（HSRI） tire model; the dual extended Kalman filter （DEKF） technique is employed, which can be regarded as two extended Kalman filters operating and communicating simultaneously. Effectiveness of the estimation is firstly examined by comparing the outputs of the estimator with the responses of the vehicle model in CarSim under three typical road adhesion conditions（high-friction, low-friction, and joint-friction）. On this basis, driving simulator experiments are carried out to further investigate the practical application of the estimator. Numerical results from CarSim and driving simulator both demonstrate that the estimator designed is capable of estimating the vehicle states and road friction coefficient with reasonable accuracy. The DEKF-based estimator proposed provides the essential information for the vehicle active control system with low expense and decent precision, and offers the possibility of real car application in future.

关键词： vehicle state road friction coefficient estimation dual extended Kalman filter （DEKF）

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Carbody Structural Lightweighting Based on Implicit Parameterized Model

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第3期27卷 483-487页

作者： CHEN Xin MA Fangwu WANG Dengfeng XIE Chen State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co. Ltd

Most of recent research on carbody lightweighting has focused on substitute material and new processing technologies rather than structures. However, new materials and processing techniques inevitably lead to higher costs. Also, material substitution and processing lightweighting have to be realized through body structural profiles and locations. In the huge conventional workload of lightweight optimization, model modifications involve heavy manual work, and it always leads to a large number of iteration calculations. As a new technique in carbody lightweighting, the implicit parameterization is used to optimize the carbody structure to improve the materials utilization rate in this paper. The implicit parameterized structural modeling enables the use of automatic modification and rapid multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） in carbody structure, which is impossible in the traditional structure finite element method （FEM） without parameterization. The structural SFE parameterized model is built in accordance with the car structural FE model in concept development stage, and it is validated by some structural performance data. The validated SFE structural parameterized model can be used to generate rapidly and automatically FE model and evaluate different design variables group in the integrated MDO loop. The lightweighting result of body-in-white （BIW） after the optimization rounds reveals that the implicit parameterized model makes automatic MDO feasible and can significantly improve the computational efficiency of carbody structural lightweighting. This paper proposes the integrated method of implicit parameterized model and MDO, which has the obvious practical advantage and industrial significance in the carbody structural lightweighting design.

关键词： carbody structural lightweighting implicit parameterization MDO BIW

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