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Adaptive Adjustment Method for Grid-forming Energy Storage Parameters Based on Buffer Functions and Damping Switching

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric Power Systems 2025年第10期49卷 77-86页

作者： Cui, Yang Ma, Boyu Dai, Hanyang Ma, Xin Zhao, Yuting Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin132012 China China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing100192 China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Ltd. Co. Yinchuan750002 China

In the development tendency of high penetration of renewable energy and power electronic devices in new power systems, the grid-forming control technology for renewable energy integration mitigates the system stability issues caused by insufficient inertia and damping. However, it also reduces the dynamic regulation performance of the system. This paper proposes an adaptive adjustment method for grid-forming energy storage parameters based on buffer functions and steady-state/transient-state damping switching, to improve the dynamic regulation performance of the system. Firstly, the buffer functions are used in inertia adjustment to enhance the regulation smoothness of the system. Secondly, a steady-state/transient-state damping switching link is introduced in the damping adjustment to reduce the steady-state error of active power output during the frequency reduction process. Thirdly, the fuzzy control is employed to introduce correction terms for inertia and damping, and the stability of the proposed method is analyzed. Finally, simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing small-signal stability and power response dynamic performance of the system. © 2025 Automation of Electric Power Systems Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Antibiotic resistance occurrence and ecological impact in landfill leachate: A review on compound effect of antibiotics and non-antibiotics

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Emerging Contaminants 2025年第3期11卷

作者： Xu, Yongtao Li, Dan Yuan, Ying Fang, Fei Xi, Beidou Tan, Wenbing State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Technical Centre for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing 100012 China

Landfilling remains one of the primary methods for managing municipal solid waste (MSW), processing approximately 350 million tons of waste annually. Among the various components of landfill waste, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), including both antibiotics and non-antibiotic compounds, pose significant environmental challenges. Landfill leachate is a highly complex medium, consisting of diverse contaminants such as non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals (average concentration ∼1.74 μg/L), antibiotics (average concentration ∼527 ng/L), heavy metals, dissolved organic matter, and micro/nano-plastics (concentration range 0.64–2.16 mg/L). This unique mixture can alter the native microbial community structure, profoundly impacting antibiotic resistance, potentially disrupting soil and groundwater ecosystems, and threatening ecological balance. Existing research has extensively investigated the composition, physicochemical properties, environmental behavior, and microbial community structure of landfill leachate, leading to significant advancements in the field. However, due to the complexity and large volume of landfill leachate, current risk assessment approaches predominantly rely on conventional pollutant indicators, and most treatment strategies are designed for general contaminants. There is a lack of systematic descriptions that integrate pollutants with their direct impacts on microbial communities. This review focuses on the current pollution status, spatiotemporal trends, interactions, and migration risks of antibiotics and non-antibiotic pollutants in landfill leachate. In particular, we explore the in situ emergence of antibiotic resistance in landfill leachate (rather than the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes) and examine the influence of various leachate components on antibiotic resistance. By emphasizing the importance of understanding the combined effects of antibiotics and non-antibiotic pollutants in landfill environments, t

关键词： Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics and non-antibiotic substances Composition effect Landfill leachate

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Waste photovoltaic wafers-derived SiC-based photocatalysts for pharmaceutical wastewater purification: S-scheme, waste utilization, and life cycle assessment

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Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2025年 220卷

作者： Teng, Chengyao Huang, Qing Cheng, Yunyan Zhang, Zhongyi Zhang, Li Zhu, Jianming Xu, Lijun Song, Qingbin Bian, Zhenfeng Li, Jinhui Yuan, Wenyi School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Polytechnic University No. 2360 Jinhai Road Shanghai201209 China Macao Environmental Research Institute Macau University of Science and Technology Macao999078 China MOE Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials Shanghai Normal University Shanghai200234 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Waste photovoltaic (PV) wafers recovered from modules by physical crushing contain high levels of impurities and are unsuitable for reuse. This research demonstrates the successful regeneration of SiC (r-SiC) nanowires photocatalysts from these discarded PV wafers. The r-SiC exhibits enhanced photoactivity and reduces environmental emissions compared to market SiC, as evidenced by a life cycle assessment. By synthesizing ZnxCd1-xS/r-SiC (ZxC1-xSS) photocatalysts featuring a S-scheme heterojunction and internal electric field (IEF)-driven •OH production capability, we have not only repurposed waste but also achieved an unprecedented leap in photocatalytic efficiency. The resulting 20 %Zn0.2Cd0.8S/r-SiC (20Z0.2C0.8SS) photocatalyst exhibited a remarkable 96.67 % cefaclor (CEC) degradation efficiency under visible light within 30 min—outperforming r-SiC by 126-fold and Zn0.2Cd0.8S by 44-fold, and enabling efficient pharmaceutical wastewater degradation. This pioneering research not only turns waste into a valuable resource but also establishes a new benchmark in photocatalytic technology, providing profound insights into the mechanisms underpinning ZxC1-xSS photocatalysts. © 2025

关键词： Photocatalysts

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Identification of Maximum Road Friction Coefficient and Optimal Slip Ratio Based on Road Type Recognition

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第5期27卷 1018-1026页

作者： GUAN Hsin WANG Bo LU Pingping XU Liang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

The identification of maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip ratio is crucial to vehicle dynamics and ***,it is always not easy to identify the maximum road friction coefficient with high robustness and good adaptability to various vehicle operating *** existing investigations on robust identification of maximum road friction coefficient are *** this paper,an identification approach based on road type recognition is proposed for the robust identification of maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip *** instantaneous road friction coefficient is estimated through the recursive least square with a forgetting factor method based on the single wheel model,and the estimated road friction coefficient and slip ratio are grouped in a set of samples in a small time interval before the current time,which are updated with time *** current road type is recognized by comparing the samples of the estimated road friction coefficient with the standard road friction coefficient of each typical road,and the minimum statistical error is used as the recognition principle to improve identification *** the road type is recognized,the maximum road friction coefficient and optimal slip ratio are *** numerical simulation tests are conducted on two typical road friction conditions（single-friction and joint-friction）by using CarSim *** test results show that there is little identification error between the identified maximum road friction coefficient and the pre-set value in *** proposed identification method has good robustness performance to external disturbances and good adaptability to various vehicle operating conditions and road variations,and the identification results can be used for the adjustment of vehicle active safety control strategies.

关键词： maximum road friction coefficient optimal slip ratio road type recognition recursive least square

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Semi-empirical equivalent circuit model and evaluation of energy losses for alkaline electrolysis stack in dynamic operations

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 138卷 859-873页

作者： Sha, LianDong Lin, Jin Qi, Ruomei Li, Qinghui Li, Wenying Lin, Ruixiao Gao, Danhui Li, Hang Li, Xiaolong Yang, Chenxi Song, Yonghua State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua-Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Chengdu 610213 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610213 China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau 999078 Macao

In various applications of alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) for hydrogen production, the efficiency of AWE stacks is a critical concern. Emerging applications involve significant dynamic operations, necessitating the evaluation of their impact on stack efficiency. However, a quantitative understanding of the power losses within AWE stacks under dynamic conditions remains limited. A significant research challenge exists in the development of models for AWE stacks that can accommodate dynamic operating conditions, and there is a need for a systematic approach to classify and quantify energy losses within the stack. This paper presents a quantitative assessment method for losses in AWE stacks based on a semi-empirical equivalent circuit model (SECM). The losses within the AWE stack are categorized into four types based on their generation mechanisms: overpotential losses, shunt current losses, non-Faradaic losses, and electrochemical cycling losses (cycling losses for short). Using experimental data from 5 MW and 10 kW AWE stacks, the parameters of the SECM observer are identified through a stepwise data-driven approach, resulting in a mean square error of less than 46.4 mV for 5 MW stack and 80.9 mV for 10 kW stack. The constructed SECM observer is employed to simulate the proportion of various losses under different dynamic operating conditions. This paper focuses on the efficiency and loss behaviors of AWE stacks under multi-stack switching strategies. Case studies demonstrate that the current range, ramp rate, regulation period, and duty cycle significantly influence the four types of losses. Based on the SECM observer, recommended parameters for multi-stack switching are provided. This work contributes to accurate assessment of AWE stack efficiency under dynamic operations and provides a methodology for designing AWE stack operating strategies. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Alkaline water electrolysis stack Dynamic operation Efficiency Electrochemical cycling losses Equivalent circuit model Multi-stack switching strategies

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One Step Positive Approach for Sheet Metal Forming simulation Based on Quasi-conjugate-gradient Method

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2013年第4期26卷 730-736页

作者： NA Jingxin CHEN Wei State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

In one step inverse finite element approach, an initial blank shape is normally predicted from the final deformed shape. The final deformed shape needs to be trimmed into a final part after stamping, the trimmed area, therefore, needs to be compensated manually before using one step inverse approach, which causes low efficiency and in consistency with the real situation. To solve this problem, one step positive approach is proposed to simulate the sheet metal stamping process. Firstly the spatial initial solution of one step positive method is preliminarily obtained by using the mapping relationship and area coordinates, then based on the deformation theory the iterative solving is carried out in three-dimensional coordinate system by using quasi-conjugate-gradient method. During iterative process the contact judgment method is introduced to ensure that the nodes on the spatial initial solution are not separated from die surface. The predicted results of sheet metal forming process that include the shape and thickness of the stamped part can be obtained after the iterative solving process. The validity of the proposed approach is verified by comparing the predicted results obtained through the proposed approach with those obtained through the module of one step inverse approach in Autoform and the real stamped part. In one step positive method, the stamped shape of regular sheet can be calculated fast and effectively. During the iterative solution, the quasi-conjugate-gradient method is proposed to take the place of solving system of equations, and it can improve the stability and precision of the algorithm.

关键词： positive approach deformation theory quasi-conjugate-gradient method

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Dual Extended Kalman Filter for Combined Estimation of Vehicle state and Road Friction

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2013年第2期26卷 313-324页

作者： ZONG Changfu HU Dan ZHENG Hongyu State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

Vehicle state and tire-road adhesion are of great use and importance to vehicle active safety control systems. However, it is always not easy to obtain the information with high accuracy and low expense. Recently, many estimation methods have been put forward to solve such problems, in which Kalman filter becomes one of the most popular techniques. Nevertheless, the use of complicated model always leads to poor real-time estimation while the role of road friction coefficient is often ignored. For the purpose of enhancing the real time performance of the algorithm and pursuing precise estimation of vehicle states, a model-based estimator is proposed to conduct combined estimation of vehicle states and road friction coefficients. The estimator is designed based on a three-DOF vehicle model coupled with the Highway Safety Research Institute（HSRI） tire model; the dual extended Kalman filter （DEKF） technique is employed, which can be regarded as two extended Kalman filters operating and communicating simultaneously. Effectiveness of the estimation is firstly examined by comparing the outputs of the estimator with the responses of the vehicle model in CarSim under three typical road adhesion conditions（high-friction, low-friction, and joint-friction）. On this basis, driving simulator experiments are carried out to further investigate the practical application of the estimator. Numerical results from CarSim and driving simulator both demonstrate that the estimator designed is capable of estimating the vehicle states and road friction coefficient with reasonable accuracy. The DEKF-based estimator proposed provides the essential information for the vehicle active control system with low expense and decent precision, and offers the possibility of real car application in future.

关键词： vehicle state road friction coefficient estimation dual extended Kalman filter （DEKF）

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Orientation construction and comparison of mercury removal sites by physical and chemical adsorption on cotton stalk biochar

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Fuel 2025年 398卷

作者： Li, Guoliang Wang, Shuxiao Wu, Qingru Yue, Tao Gao, Jiajia Tong, Yali Zhang, Mingyu Zhang, Lin Zhang, Chenyang Xie, Sizhe School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Changsha County Urban Management Bureau Hunan Province Changsha410100 China

The capture of elemental mercury (Hg0) is the crucial step for synergetic control of mercury emission via dust removal equipment. Micropore structure, oxygen-containing groups and adding active elements are three key factors in the biochars activation for mercury capture. Previous studies usually focused on single modification factor. This study aims to evaluate and contrast the influence of the three key factors on the mercury capture of biochars. Physical activation (microwave and steam), H2O2 modification and NH4Cl impregnation were used to directionally develop pore structure, form new oxygen-containing groups and introduce halogen active sites. The testing results showed that physical activation causes distinct increase in the Vmicro ratio by 420 % yet just modest increase in the highest mercury removal efficiency (η) of C6W by only 43.0 %. The 30 % H2O2 modification and 5 % NH4Cl impregnation distinctly increased η by 82.6 % and 116.2 %, respectively. Moreover, synergetic activation of H2O2 modification with physical activation and that of NH4Cl impregnation with physical activation further increased η by 159.5 % and 180.6 %, respectively. The pore structure development was not the key factor in mercury removal, yet it improved the chemical modification effectiveness. Physicochemical characterization methods, molecular adsorption kinetic models and mercury desorption energy calculation were used to analyze the mercury capture active sites and investigate the mercury adsorption mechanism. The H2O2 modification and NH4Cl impregnation formed chemisorption sites of C-O, C=O and C-Cl groups. The mercury desorption energy increased from 32.2-33.0 kJ∙mol−1 of physisorption to 60.2–70.7 kJ∙mol−1 of chemisorption. This paper provides guides for future preparation of highly effective mercury removal sorbents. © 2025

关键词： Dust control

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Carbody Structural Lightweighting Based on Implicit Parameterized Model

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第3期27卷 483-487页

作者： CHEN Xin MA Fangwu WANG Dengfeng XIE Chen State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co. Ltd

Most of recent research on carbody lightweighting has focused on substitute material and new processing technologies rather than structures. However, new materials and processing techniques inevitably lead to higher costs. Also, material substitution and processing lightweighting have to be realized through body structural profiles and locations. In the huge conventional workload of lightweight optimization, model modifications involve heavy manual work, and it always leads to a large number of iteration calculations. As a new technique in carbody lightweighting, the implicit parameterization is used to optimize the carbody structure to improve the materials utilization rate in this paper. The implicit parameterized structural modeling enables the use of automatic modification and rapid multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） in carbody structure, which is impossible in the traditional structure finite element method （FEM） without parameterization. The structural SFE parameterized model is built in accordance with the car structural FE model in concept development stage, and it is validated by some structural performance data. The validated SFE structural parameterized model can be used to generate rapidly and automatically FE model and evaluate different design variables group in the integrated MDO loop. The lightweighting result of body-in-white （BIW） after the optimization rounds reveals that the implicit parameterized model makes automatic MDO feasible and can significantly improve the computational efficiency of carbody structural lightweighting. This paper proposes the integrated method of implicit parameterized model and MDO, which has the obvious practical advantage and industrial significance in the carbody structural lightweighting design.

关键词： carbody structural lightweighting implicit parameterization MDO BIW

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Bimodal microstructure – A feasible strategy for high-strength and ductile metallic materials

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第2期34卷 257-264页

作者： Min Zha Hong-Min Zhang Zhi-Yuan Yu Xuan-He Zhang Xiang-Tao Meng Hui-Yuan Wang Qi-Chuan Jiang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanling Campus Jilin University

Introducing a bimodal grain-size distribution has been demonstrated an efficient strategy for fabricating high-strength and ductile metallic materials, where fine grains provide strength, while coarse grains enable strain hardening and hence decent ductility. Over the last decades, research activities in this area have grown enormously, including interesting results onfcc Cu, Ni and Al-Mg alloys as well as steel and Fe alloys via various thermo-mechanical processing approaches. However, investigations on bimodal Mg and other hcp metals are relatively few. A brief overview of the available approaches based on thermo- mechanical processing technology in producing bimodal microstructure for various metallic materials is given, along with a summary of unusual mechanical properties achievable by bimodality, where focus is placed on the microstructure-mechanical properties and relevant mechanisms. In addition, key factors that influencing bimodal strategies, such as compositions of starting materials and processing parameters, together with the challenges this research area facing, are identified and discussed briefly.

关键词： Nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained metals Mechanical milling Severe plastic deformation Bimodal microstructure Strength and ductility

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