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Country-level antibiotic risk assessment in the multiple environmental matrices based on decennial data

Environmental Research 2025年 279卷 121762页

作者： Zhou, Dafang Chen, Linpeng Huang, Fuyang Yan, Bingshuang Zhou, Zikun Wang, Bin Liu, Fei Dong, Faqin Ren, Dong MOE Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle Southwest University of Science and Technology Sichuan Mianyang China Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation Southwest University of Science and Technology Chengdu China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing China Beijing China College of Environmental Science and Engineering China West Normal University Nanchong637009 China

The overuse of antibiotics has led to widespread environmental detection. However, country-level antibiotic risks from a global perspective remain unclear, highlighting a crucial need for antibiotic management worldwide. This study elucidated a global assessment of antibiotic detection frequencies and concentrations across various countries, compared detection levels of antibiotic classifications across compartments in representative countries, and conducted a risk assessment based on predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) for antibiotic resistance and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) relevant to microbial nitrogen cycling. A decennial dataset comprising 431,441 records for 137 antibiotics across eight environmental compartments in 45 countries was analyzed. Results showed that Kenya (199 %) had the highest cumulative detection frequencies of four aqueous media. Wastewater from WWTPs (mean: 19.7 ng/L) and animal manure (mean: 2.6 μg/kg) exhibited the highest levels in aqueous and solid media, respectively. From sources to receptors, the highest antibiotic detections and concentrations were found in wastewater from WWTP, where quinolones dominated in France and the USA, and sulfonamides in Kenya (175−357 detections, median: 137−580 ng/L). Similarly, in surface water, sulfonamides were significant in Kenya and Vietnam, quinolones in Kenya (290−2049 detections, median: 32−70 ng/L). From the perspective of cumulative risk, Malaysia, China, and Canada are ranked the top three for both PNECs risk (81 %–191 %) and MICs risk (211 %–236 %). Whether for PNECs or MICs, sulfonamides are the most exceedance-prone antibiotic class across countries and also the highest-risk antibiotic class (median: 33 %). According to the total risk results from different countries, Malaysia (402 %) has the highest risk, followed by Canada (317 %) and China (315 %). The highest antibiotic risks were observed in Asia (medium SDG score), followed by Europe and the Americas (high SDG sco

关键词： Risk assessment

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simulation of Co2 Flux and Evaluation of Carbon Neutrality Potential at the Neighborhood Scale in Beijing with Multi-Source Data

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Luo, Wen-Rong Che, Hui-Zheng Miao, Shi-Guang Dou, Jun-Xia Zheng, Ying-Qi Zhou, Yu-Yu Su, Zhi-Min Wu, Ye Wang, De Yi, Xin Gui, Ke Zheng, Yu Li, Lei Zhang, Xiao-Ye Nanjing210044 China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing100081 China Beijing100089 China Beijing100029 China Department of Geography The University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Tsinghua University China

The urban block serves as the fundamental unit for fine-scale management of urban carbon emissions, playing a critical role in achieving urban carbon neutrality and sustainable development. Carbon source-sink data at the urban block scale exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity, and accurate estimation of CO2 fluxes helps to better understand the relationship between urban carbon processes and both anthropogenic and natural factors. This study utilized multi-source data and the SUEWS urban land surface model to simulate CO2 fluxes at high temporal (hourly) and spatial (20m) resolution in the typical mixed-use areas of Haidian and Chaoyang stations in Beijing. Carbon fluxes from traffic, buildings, human metabolism, soil, and vegetation were quantified for the years 2016, 2019, and 2020. The results show that the SUEWS model effectively captures the temporal and spatial dynamics of CO2 flux in the study area. The multi-year average CO2 flux at Chaoyang and Haidian stations was 28.17 and 12.87 kg CO2 m−2 yr−1, respectively. Road traffic accounted for the largest share of CO2 emissions, contributing more than 50%, followed by emissions from buildings and human metabolism. The study also evaluated the potential for carbon reduction in urban blocks under future low-carbon policies. Under the moderate emission scenario SSP2-4.5, along with the implementation of strong policy measures, including 80% rooftop greening and electric vehicle adoption, carbon emissions in urban blocks could be reduced by approximately 60%. This study provides essential data and technical support for urban CO2 reduction through fine-scale CO2 flux calculations. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anthropogenic

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control of water contamination on side window of road vehicles by A-pillar section parameter optimization

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第6期32卷 1138-1150页

作者： Li Xin Xing-jun Hu Jing-yu Wang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun130025China

The water contamination on the side windows of moving vehicles is a crucial issue in improving the driving safety and the *** this paper,an effective optimization method is proposed to reduce the water contamination on the side windows of *** accuracy and the efficiency of the numerical simulation are improved by using the lattice Boltzmann method,and the Lagrangian particle tracking *** parameters are constructed on the basis of the occurrence of the water deposition on a vehicle’s side *** water contamination area of the side window and the aerodynamic drag are considered simultaneously in the design process;these two factors are used to form the multi-objective optimization function in the genetic algorithm(GA)*** approximate model,the boundary-seeded domain method,and the GA method are combined in this study to enhance the optimization *** optimization,the optimal parameters for the A-pillar section are determined by setting the boundary to an area of W=7.77 mm,L=1.27 mm and H=11.22 *** side window’s soiling area in the optimized model is reduced by 66.93%,and the aerodynamic drag is increased by 0.41%only,as compared with the original *** is shown that the optimization method can effectively solve the water contamination problem of side windows.

关键词： Water contamination aerodynamic drag A-pillar section parameters multi-objective optimization approximate model genetic algorithm

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MPC‑Based Coordinated control of Gear Shifting Process for a Power‑split Hybrid Electric Bus with a Clutchless AMT

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第6期35卷 377-389页

作者： Tong Liu Xiaohua Zeng Dafeng Song State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China

Two-speed clutchless automated manual transmission(AMT)has been widely implemented in electric vehicles for its simple structure and low *** contrast,due to the complex response characteristics of powertrain,utilizing clutchless AMT in a hybrid power system comes with complex coordination control *** order to address these issues,a power-split hybrid electric bus with two-speed clutchless AMT is studied in this paper,and a coordinated control method based on model predictive control(MPC)is used in gear shifting control strategy(GSCS)to improve gear shifting quality and reduce system ***,the dynamic model of power sources and other main powertrain components including a single planetary gear set and AMT are established on the basis of data-driven and mechanism modeling ***,the GSCS is put forward using the segmented control idea,and the shifting process is divided into five phases,including(I)unloading of drive motor,(II)shifting to neutral gear,(III)active speed synchronization by drive motor,(IV)engaging to new gear,and(V)resuming the drive motor’s power,among which the phases I and V have evident impact on the system ***,the MPC-based control method is adopted for these phases,and the fast compensation of driving torque is realized by combining the prediction model and quadratic programming *** simulation results show that the proposed GSCS can effectively reduce shift jerk and improve driving *** research proposes a coordinated control strategy of two-speed clutchless AMT,which can effectively improve the smoothness of gear shifting and provides a reference for the application of two speed clutchless AMT in power-split hybrid powertrains.

关键词： Power-split hybrid electric bus Shift jerk Model predictive control

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Target Vehicle Selection Algorithm for Adaptive Cruise control Based on Lane-changing Intention of Preceding Vehicle

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2021年第5期34卷 390-407页

作者： Jun Yao Guoying Chen Zhenhai Gao State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

To improve the ride comfort and safety of a traditional adaptive cruise control(ACC)system when the preceding vehicle changes lanes,it proposes a target vehicle selection algorithm based on the prediction of the lane-changing intention for the preceding ***,the Next Generation simulation dataset is used to train a lane-changing intention prediction algorithm based on a sliding window support vector machine,and the lane-changing intention of the preceding vehicle in the current lane is identified by lateral position ***,according to the lane-changing intention and collision threat of the preceding vehicle,the target vehicle selection algorithm is studied under three different conditions:safe lane-changing,dangerous lane-changing,and lane-changing ***,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified in a co-simulation *** simulation results show that the target vehicle selection algorithm can ensure the smooth transfer of the target vehicle and effectively reduce the longitudinal acceleration fluctuation of the subject vehicle when the preceding vehicle changes lanes safely or cancels their lane change *** the case of a dangerous lane change,the target vehicle selection algorithm proposed in this paper can respond more rapidly to a dangerous lane change than the target vehicle selection method of the traditional ACC system;thus,it can effectively avoid collisions and improve the safety of the subject vehicle.

关键词： Lane-changing intention Target vehicle selection Support vector machine Adaptive cruise control

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Estimation of vehicle states and tire-road friction using parallel extended Kalman filtering

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第6期12卷 446-452页

作者： Chang-fu ZONG Pan SONG Dan HU State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun 130025 China

A model-based estimator design and implementation is described in this paper to undertake combined estimation of vehicle states and tire-road friction *** estimator is designed based on a vehicle model with three degrees of freedom(3-DOF) and the dual extended Kalman filter(DEKF) technique is *** of the estimation is examined and validated by comparing the outputs of the estimator with the responses of the vehicle model in CarSim in three typical road adhesion conditions(high-friction,low-friction,and joint-friction roads).simulation results demonstrate that the DEKF estimator algorithm designed is able to obtain vehicle states(e.g.,yaw rate and roll angle) as well as road friction coefficients with reasonable accuracy.

关键词： Vehicle dynamics state estimation and system identification Active safety and passive safety

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A reduced combustion mechanism of ammonia/diesel optimized with multi-objective genetic algorithm

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 187-200页

作者： Wanchen Sun Shaodian Lin Hao Zhang Liang Guo Wenpeng Zeng Genan Zhu Mengqi Jiang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China

For the deep understanding on combustion of ammonia/diesel,this study develops a reduced mechanism of ammonia/diesel with 227 species and 937 *** sub-mechanism on ammonia/interactions of N-based and C-based species(N—C)/NOx is optimized using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II(NSGA-II)with 200 *** optimized mechanism(named as 937b)is validated against combustion characteristics of ammonia/methane(which is used to examine the accuracy of N—C interactions)and ammonia/diesel *** ignition delay times(IDTs),the laminar flame speeds and most of key intermediate species during the combustion of ammonia/methane blends can be accurately simulated by 937b under a wide range of *** for ammonia/diesel blends with various diesel energy fractions,reasonable predictions on the IDTs under pressures from 1.0 MPa to5.0 MPa as well as the laminar flame speeds are also achieved by *** particular,with regard to the IDT simulations of ammonia/diesel blends,937b makes progress in both aspects of overall accuracy and computational efficiency,compared to a detailed ammonia/diesel *** kinetic analysis reveals that the reaction pathway of ammonia during the combustion of ammonia/diesel blend mainly differs in the tendencies of oxygen additions to NH_2 and NH with different equivalence ratios.

关键词： Ammonia Diesel Combustion Kinetic mechanism Multi-objective optimization

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High-density sampling reveals the occurrence, levels and transport flux of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives (PAHs-d) along the Yangtze River

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 177907页

作者： Xie, Yu Guo, Jiaxun Fan, Qinya Huang, Shier Qi, Weixiao Cao, Xiaofeng Peng, Jianfeng Chen, Yufeng Chen, Min Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges Corporation Beijing100084 China School of Environment and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives (PAHs-d) have higher toxicity levels compared to its parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs). Their partitioning in different media and large-scale transport patterns in rivers remain largely unknown. This study investigated the occurrence of 15 PAHs-d and 19 PPAHs in water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) of the Yangtze River between 2019 and 2020. The range of Σ15PAHs-d concentrations was 20.54 to 2010.03 ng·L−1 in water and 0.62 to 29.80 μg·g−1 in SPM. The primary PAHs-d components were 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, and anthraquinone. The range of Σ19PPAHs concentrations in water and SPM was 34.89 to 739.53 ng·L−1 and 0.37 to 204.62 μg·g−1, respectively. And low-ring PAHs-d and PPAHs were more prevalent in water than SPM. Partitioning behaviors indicated that PAHs-d and PPAHs were more readily partitioned into water and SPM during normal and dry periods, respectively. The concentrations of PAHs-d saw significant changes in their spatial distribution, which rose in water and reduced in SPM in downstream of the Three Gorges Dam. This is due to the dam's blocking effect on sediment transport. Positive matrix factorization source analysis revealed biomass combustion upstream and vehicle emissions downstream as primary sources, shaped by the evolving energy consumption patterns of urban areas situated around the Yangtze River. The annual fluxes of PAHs-d in water and SPM of the Yangtze River were 90.40 t·yr−1 and 11.95 t·yr−1, representing 88.3 % and 11.7 % of the overall PAHs-d fluxes, respectively. The total fluxes of PAHs-d and PPAHs in water and SPM tended to increase spatially along the river, with growth rates exceeding 76 and 24 times, respectively. Interception within the Three Gorges Reservoir area has resulted in the differences in the concentration and transport distribution of PAHs-d and PPAHs upstream and downstream, which play important roles in reducing PAHs-d and PPAHs entry int

关键词： Matrix factorization

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Effects of Rectangular Wing Vortex Generators on the Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of Louvered Fin and Flat Tube Heat Exchanger

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 628-642页

作者： ZHANG Jinglong HU Xingjun LUO Yufei HUI Zheng WANG Jingyu YU Tianming State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Automobile Research Institute of China Heavy Duty Automobile Group Co.Ltd. Ji'nan 250031China

In this paper,a novel composite heat transfer enhancement technique comprised of louvered fins(LFs)and rectangular wing vortex generators(RWVGs)is proposed to improve the LF side thermal-hydraulic performance of louvered fin and flat tube heat exchangers(LFHEs).After validation of the LF side pressure dropΔP and heat transfer coefficient hLFof the baseline by experiments,the numerical method is applied to investigate the influential mechanisms of the RWVG parameters(the number N(7 to 15),attack angleβ(30°to 90°),height H_(VG)(0.8 mm to 2 mm)and width W_(VG)(0.8 mm to 1.2 mm))on the performance of the LFHE in the velocity range of 3 m/s to 10 m/*** show that thermal-hydraulic performance of the LFHE is significantly impacted by the RWVGs,and according to the performance evaluation criteria(PEC),the LFHE achieves its optimal thermal-hydraulic performance when N=7,β=45°,H_(VG)=1.8 mm and W_(VG)=1 *** to the baseline,the maximum,minimum and average increments of PEC for the optimal case are 13.85%,4.67%and 8.39%,respectively.

关键词： composite heat transfer enhancement louvered fin rectangular wing vortex generator numerical simulations thermal-hydraulic performance

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Evaluation of Regulating Capacity of Power System Nodes and Transmission Lines

Evaluation of Regulating Capacity of Power System Nodes and ...

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Smart Grid and Artificial Intelligence (SGAI), International Conference on

作者： Xiuyu Yang Zekun Fan Almasbek Shakenbek Baoyu Di Chongbi Li Yi Wang Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation Control and New Green Energy Technology of Ministry of Education Northeasst Electric Power University Jilin China State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co. Ltd. State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co. Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute Urumqi China

ISBN: (数字)9798331518806

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518813

The large-scale access of renewable energy to the power grid leads to a sharp increase in the demand for power system regulation capacity. In order to solve this problem, this paper explores the mechanism of supply and demand balance of power system regulation capacity, analyzes the transmission characteristics of regulation capacity, and proposes the adequacy index of node regulation capacity and the adequacy index of network transmission regulation capacity. The Garver-6 node system is used to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method. The example shows that the proposed evaluation method can accurately identify the weak links of regulation ability and clarify the causes of insufficient regulation ability.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Supply and demand Power transmission lines Evaluation models Regulation Smart grids Planning Artificial intelligence Load flow Capacity planning

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