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Recent advances and perspectives towards emission inventories of mobile sources:Compilation approaches,data acquisition methods,and case studies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 460-475页

作者： Han Jiang Hefeng Zhang Mingliang Fu Zhihui Huang Hong Ni Hang Yin Yan Ding State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

In recent years,great efforts have been devoted to reducing emissions from mobile sources with the dramatic growth of motor vehicle and nonroad mobile source *** of a mobile source emission inventory is conducive to the analysis of pollution emission characteristics and the formulation of emission reduction *** study summarizes the latest compilation approaches and data acquisition methods for mobile source emission *** motor vehicles,a high-resolution emission inventory can be developed based on a bottom-up approach with a refined traffic flow model and real-world speed-coupled emission *** top-down approach has advantages when dealing with macroscale vehicle emission estimation without substantial traffic flow *** nonroad mobile sources,nonroad machinery,inland river ships,locomotives,and civil aviation aircraft,a top-down approach based on fuel consumption or power is *** ocean-going ships,a bottom-up approach based on automatic identification system(AIS)data is *** typical cases are studied,including emission reduction potential,a cost-benefit model,and marine shipping emission *** and suggestions are given on future research directions for emission inventories for mobile sources:building localized emission models and factor databases,improving the dynamic updating capability of emission inventories,establishing a database of emission factors of unconventional pollutants and greenhouse gas from mobile sources,and establishing an urban high temporalspatial resolution volatile organic compound(VOC)evaporation emission inventory.

关键词： Emission inventory Mobile source Emission factor Emission control policy

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Microdynamic modulation through Pt–O–Ni proton and electron“superhighway”for pH-universal hydrogen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 808-815,I0018页

作者： Dewen Wang Yuting Chen Bohan Yao Tian Meng Yanchao Xu Dongxu Jiao Zhicai Xing Xiurong Yang State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022JilinChina University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina Department of Chemistry Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric PowerSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012jilinChina

Optimizing the microdynamics in alkaline and neutral conditions is a significant but challenging task in developing pH-universal hydrogen evolution(HER)***,a unique Pt-O-Ni bridge has been constructed to alter the coordination and electronic environment between Pt nanoparticles(Pt_n)and nickel metaphosphate(NPO)substrate(Pt-NPO).Sufficient electron transfer from NPO to Pt_n to maintain an electron-rich environment and a low valence state of Pt_***,H*is produced from the H_(2)O dissociation on Ni site and then spillover toward Pt sites to bind into H_(2),which makes up for the insufficient H_(2)O dissociation ability of Pt in Volmer ***-NPO exhibits long-term stability and only need the overpotentials of 22.3,33.0 and 30.5 mV to attain 10 mA cm^(-2)in alkaline,neutral and acidic media,*** anion-exchange membrane(AEM)water electrolyzer catalyzed by Pt-NPO shows high water electrolysis performance that a cell voltage of 1.73 V is needed to obtain the current density of500 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M KOH at 80℃,at the same time maintains good stability for 350 *** regulation strategy proposed in this work is helpful for the design and synthesis of highly efficient pH-universal HER electrocatalysts.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reactions pH-universal HER electrocatalysts Metal-support interactions Microdynamics Atomic and electronic regulation

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Precise Compound control of Loading Force for Electric Load Simulator of Electric Power Steering Test Bench

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2022年第1期35卷 255-265页

作者： Changhua Dai Guoying Chen Changfu Zong Buyang Zhang College of Automotive Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Electric load simulator(ELS) systems are employed for electric power steering(EPS) test benches to load rack force by precise control. Precise ELS control is strongly influenced by nonlinear factors. When the steering motor rapidly rotates, extra force is directly superimposed on the original static loading error, which becomes one of the main sources of the final error. It is key to achieve ELS precise loading control for the entire EPS test bench. Therefore, a three-part compound control algorithm is proposed to improve the loading accuracy. First, a fuzzy proportional–integral plus feedforward controller with force feedback is presented. Second, a friction compensation algorithm is established to reduce the influence of friction. Then, the relationships between each quantity and the extra force are analyzed when the steering motor rapidly rotates, and a net torque feedforward compensation algorithm is proposed to eliminate the extra force. The compound control algorithm was verified through simulations and experiments. The results show that the tracking performance of the compound control algorithm satisfies the demands of engineering practice, and the extra force in the ELS system can be suppressed by the net torque corresponding to the actuator’s acceleration.

关键词： Electric load simulator Electric power steering Extra force Compound control

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Review on laser directed energy deposited aluminum alloys

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 84-131页

作者： Tian-Shu Liu Peng Chen Feng Qiu Hong-Yu Yang Nicholas Tan Yew Jin Youxiang Chew Di Wang Ruidi Li Qi-Chuan Jiang Chaolin Tan Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology(SIMTech) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)5 Cleantech LoopSingapore 636732Singapore State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130025People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China

Lightweight aluminum(Al)alloys have been widely used in frontier fields like aerospace and automotive industries,which attracts great interest in additive manufacturing(AM)to process high-value Al *** a mainstream AM technique,laser-directed energy deposition(LDED)shows good scalability to meet the requirements for large-format component manufacturing and ***,LDED Al alloys are highly challenging due to their inherent poor printability(*** laser absorption,high oxidation sensitivity and cracking tendency).To further promote the development of LDED high-performance Al alloys,this review offers a deep understanding of the challenges and strategies to improve printability in LDED Al *** porosity,cracking,distortion,inclusions,element evaporation and resultant inferior mechanical properties(worse than laser powder bed fusion)are the key challenges in LDED Al *** parameter optimizations,in-situ alloy design,reinforcing particle addition and field assistance are the efficient approaches to improving the printability and performance of LDED Al *** underlying correlations between processes,alloy innovation,characteristic microstructures,and achievable performances in LDED Al alloys are *** benchmark mechanical properties and primary strengthening mechanism of LDED Al alloys are *** review aims to provide a critical and in-depth evaluation of current progress in LDED Al *** opportunities and perspectives in LDED high-performance Al alloys are also outlined.

关键词： additive manufacturing laser directed energy deposition(LDED) aluminum alloys printability aluminum matrix composite auxiliary fields mechanical properties

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Outer delocalized electron aggregation of bromide bridged core–shell CuBr@C for hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6608-6614页

作者： Tianyi Xu Ruoyu Li Lei Zhang Dongxu Jiao Yilong Dong Ming Gong Dantong Zhang Jinchang Fan Dewen Wang Yanhua Liu Xiao Zhao Wei Zhang Weitao Zheng Xiaoqiang Cui State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOEJilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy MaterialsElectron Microscopy CenterJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Center of Multiscale Crystal Materials Research Institute of Advanced Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen Intitute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of ScienceShenzhen 518055China

Modulation of the surface electron distribution is a challenging problem that determines the adsorption ability of catalytic ***,we address this challenge by bridging the inner and outer layers of the core–shell structure through the bridge Br *** shell wrapped copper bromide nanorods(CuBr@C)are constructed for the first time by chemical vapour deposition with hexabromobenzene(HBB).HBB pyrolysis provides both bridge Br atom and C *** C shell protects the stability of the internal halide structure,while the bridge Br atom triggers the rearrangement of the surface electrons and exhibits excellent electrocatalytic ***,the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity of CuBr@C is significantly better than that of commercial N-doped carbon nanotubes,surpassing commercial Pt/C at over 200 mA·cm^(−2).Density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that bridge Br atoms inspire aggregation of delocalized electrons on C-shell surfaces,leading to optimization of hydrogen adsorption energy.

关键词： bridge Br atoms delocalized electron aggregation core–shell nanorods C-shell wrapped CuBr hydrogen evolution reaction

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Effect of Cutting Trailing Edge Serration on Aerodynamic Noise of Airfoil 6th

Effect of Cutting Trailing Edge Serration on Aerodynamic Noi...

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6th Symposium on Fluid-Structure-Sound Interactions and control, FSSIC 2023

作者： Zhang, Zhe Chen, Tao Zhang, Yingchao Shen, Chun Zhang, Chengchun State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun130022 China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministory of Education Jilin University Changchun130022 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819762101

This paper investigated the effects of cutting trailing edge serration on airfoil aerodynamic noise based on the acoustic analogy method. Large eddy simulation (LES) was used to capture the transient near-field information of the airfoil, and the Ffowcs Williams Hawkings (FW-H) equation is employed to predict the far-field noise. The research subject is the NACA0012 airfoil, with the length and width of serration ranging from 0.01 to 0.03 and 0.02 to 0.04 times the airfoil chord length (c), respectively. Acoustic experimental data are used to validate the accuracy of the simulation method. The angle of attack of incoming flow is 0°, with Reynolds and Mach numbers of 6.6 × 106 and 0.147, respectively. The research indicates that within the specified parameter range, the noise reduction effect of the serration perpendicular to the incoming flow direction is proportional to both the height and width of the serration. The maximum noise reduction is 3.3 dB. The cutting trailing edge serration leads to an increase in the high-frequency component of the streamwise noise. In the presence of cutting trailing edge serration, the overall sound pressure level of the streamwise noise increases. Compared to embedded trailing edge serration, cutting trailing edge serration have a lower limited height in terms of noise reduction. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Noise abatement

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Semantic Segmentation-Inspired Prediction of Pavement Adhesion Coefficient 7

Semantic Segmentation-Inspired Prediction of Pavement Adhesi...

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7th CAA International Conference on Vehicular control and Intelligence, CVCI 2023

作者： Guo, Hongyan Wan, Juncheng Meng, Qingyu Liu, Yanran State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control The College of Communication Engineering Jilin University Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340488

Accurate prediction of the adhesion coefficient parameters of the road ahead is critical to the driving safety of intelligent driving vehicles, however, the current stage of raw image-based methods are difficult to achieve high-precision and reliable prediction due to the complexity of the elements within the scene. To this end, a road adhesion coefficient recognition algorithm inspired by semantic segmentation is proposed. The method designs a sequential prediction algorithm structure that includes semantic segmentation, road surface extraction, road surface recognition, and adhesion coefficient mapping. Additionally, the method introduces the spatial attention mechanism and channel attention mechanism separately into the semantic segmentation network and road surface classification network, effectively enhancing the accuracy and real-time performance of the adhesion coefficient prediction algorithm. Experimental results illustrate that this real-time adhesion coefficient prediction algorithm achieves good performance in maintaining accuracy, real-time capability, and robustness. It can accurately and rapidly predict road surface adhesion information in driving scenarios. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Attention mechanism Real-time performance Road surface adhesion coefficient Semantic segmentation

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"Smoke Detector"of Human Diseases for Environmental Aerosol Exposure

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第12期40卷 1471-1477,I0002页

作者： Maosheng Yao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Air consists of various different pollutants(both biological and non-biological).COVID-19 pandemic further threatens the air *** exposure causes many diseases including asthma,respiratory infections and *** protein bi-omarker for early diagnosis often fails due to its lower level at the very beginning of a *** another front,different technologies were attempted for realtime monitoring of air ***,many aerosol exposures occur silently without any knowledge due to limitation of available analytical *** breath has emerged as a promising non-invasive sample for disease diagnosis,in-cluding cancer and *** recently,it was shown that rats emitted distinc-tive profile of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)within minutes when exposed to different air pollutants including ozone and *** the pandemic times,breath-borne VOC was also used to rapidly screen *** exposure could result in changes in metabolism,thus releasing different pat-terns of VOCs via breath within very short *** monitoring of exhaled biomarker profile could spot the early signs of a disease,thus offering an earlier *** array and machine learning together can lend a great hand toward such an *** mini review is undertaken to share such endeavors and inspire further innovations.

关键词： Bioaerosol Environmental aerosol exposure Breath biomarkerl Disease Detection Analytical Sensor

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Effect of Multiple Models of Closed-loop Transfer Functions on Inter-harmonic Oscillation Characteristics of Grid-connected PMSG

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第5期10卷 1955-1964页

作者： Jingyi Li Jianjun Yang Xiaorong Xie Haozhi Li Ke Wang Zhaohui Shi Key Laboratory of Far-shore Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province Huadong Engineering Corporation LimitedPower ChinaHangzhou 310014China. State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment(Dept.of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University)Beijing 100084China.

Establishing a suitable closed-loop transfer function model for the grid-connected PMSG system is the key basis in performing inter-harmonic characteristics *** closed-loop transfer functions can be constructed when different components of the converter controller are taken into ***,the effect of different components of the converter controller on inter-harmonic stability analysis is not *** this paper,the complete transfer function,considering different loops,is first *** on the complete closed-loop transfer function,the DC-link,PLL and voltage forward-feed are removed step by step to derive different closed-loop transfer *** inter-harmonic related poles of different closed-loop transfer functions are further calculated to analyze the effect of closedloop transfer functions on inter-harmonic characteristics ***,by performing time domain simulation,the correctness of the theoretical analysis results is *** results show that under the conditions of a weak AC system,each loop of the converter control system will reduce the stability of the interharmonic in the sub-synchronous frequency range and influence the inter-harmonic oscillation *** transfer function needs to consider the influence of each loop to accurately calculate the inter-harmonic stability of the system.

关键词： Closed-loop transfer function converter controller inter-harmonic characteristics PMSG

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Convolution Neural Network-based Load Model Parameter Selection Considering Short-term Voltage Stability

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1064-1074页

作者： Ying Wang Chao Lu Xinran Zhang School of Technology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China IEEE

The recently proposed ambient signal-based load modeling approach offers an important and effective idea to study the time-varying and distributed characteristics of power ***,it also brings new *** the load model parameters of power loads can be obtained in real-time for each load bus,the numerous identified parameters make parameter application *** order to obtain the parameters suitable for off-line applications,load model parameter selection(LMPS)is first introduced in this ***,the convolution neural network(CNN)is adopted to achieve the selection purpose from the perspective of short-term voltage *** begin with,the field phasor measurement unit(PMU)data from China Southern Power Grid are obtained for load model parameter identification,and the identification results of different substations during different times indicate the necessity of ***,the simulation case of Guangdong Power Grid shows the process of LMPS,and the results from the CNNbased LMPS confirm its effectiveness.

关键词： Ambient signal CNN field PMU data load model parameter selection short-term voltage stability

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