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Spatial heterogeneity and compositional profiles of dissolved organic matter in farmland soils across China' Mainland

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 593-603页

作者： Bingjun Han Liyuan Chen Kang Xiao Yang Liu Dong Cao Lu Yu Yujun Li Shu Tao Wenxin Liu Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Dissolved organic matter(DOM) plays an essential role in many geochemical processes,however its complexity, chemical diversity, and molecular composition are poorly understood. Soil samples were collected from 500 vegetable fields in administrative regions of China' Mainland, of which 122 were selected for further investigation. DOM properties were characterized by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix(3D-EEM) fuorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FTICRMS)(field intensity is 15 Tesla). Our results indicated that the main constituents were UVA humic-like substances, humic-like substances, fulvic acid-like substances, and tyrosine-like substances. A total of 10,989 molecular formulae with a mass range of 100.04 to 799.59 Da were detected, covering the mass spectrometric information of the soil samples from 27 different regions. CHO and CHON molecules were dominant in DOM, whereas lignin, tannins,and aromatic substances served as the main components. The results of cluster analysis revealed that the soil properties in Jiangxi Province were considerably different from those in other regions. The key backgrounds of the DOM molecular characteristics in the vegetablefield soil samples across China' Mainland were provided at the molecular level, with large abundance and great variability.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter(DOM) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass(FTICR-MS) Excitation-emission matrix(EEM) Vegetable-field soils China' Mainland

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Road Surface Recognition Based on Vision and Tire Noise 5

Road Surface Recognition Based on Vision and Tire Noise

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5th CAA International Conference on Vehicular control and Intelligence, CVCI 2021

作者： Wang, Zhangu Zhan, Jun Duan, Chunguang Guan, Xin Zhong, Zhaohui Cao, Zikun Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Automobile Control and Simulation Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408462

Road surface recognition is an important research content of automated driving environment perception, which can provide the basis for decision-making and motion planning of automated driving. To improve the accuracy and robustness of road surface recognition, this paper proposes a road surface recognition scheme based on the fusion of machine vision and tire noise. Firstly, we extracted LBP features and deep learning features from images and used PCA algorithm to reduce the dimension of features. Then, the tire noise features were extracted by using statistics and MFCC algorithm. We fused image features and acoustic features to generate feature-level fusion information and realized the cross-modal fusion of sensors. Finally, the feature vectors of multiple time series were constructed into a feature matrix, and we used a convolutional neural network to train a road surface recognition classifier, which fully considers the context information of the road surface. Experimental results show that this method has an accuracy of 92.7% for road surface identification. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Tires

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A novel electro-Fenton hybrid system for enhancing the interception of volatile organic compounds in membrane distillation desalination

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 189-199页

作者： Hongxin Liu Kuiling Li Kunpeng Wang Zhiyong Wang Zimou Liu Sichao Zhu Dan Qu Yu Zhang Jun Wang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Beijing CampusChina University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Membrane distillation(MD)is a promising alternative desalination technology,but the hydrophobic membrane cannot intercept volatile organic compounds(VOCs),resulting in aggravation in the quality of *** term of this,electro-Fenton(EF)was coupled with sweeping gas membrane distillation(SGMD)in a more efficient way to construct an advanced oxidation barrier at the gas-liquid interface,so that the VOCs could be trapped in this layer to guarantee the water quality of the *** the so-called EF-MD process,an interfacial interception barrier containing hydroxyl radical formed on the hydrophobic membrane *** contributed to the high phenol rejection of 90.2% with the permeate phenol concentration lower than 1.50 mg/*** interceptions can be achieved in a wide temperature range,even though the permeate flux of phenol was also *** EF-MD system was robust to high salinity and could electrochemically regenerate ferrous ions,which endowed the long-term stability of the *** novel EF-MD configuration proposed a valuable strategy to intercept VOCs in MD and will broaden the application of MD in hypersaline wastewater treatment.

关键词： Membrane distillation VOC interception Interfacial oxidation Electro-Fenton Hypersaline wastewater

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Effects of impregnation sequence on the NH_(3)-SCR activity and hydrothermal stability of a Ce-Nb/SnO_(2) catalyst

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 450-457页

作者： Ying Zhu Wenpo Shan Zhihua Lian Jingjing Liu Yan Zhang Hong He Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315800China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Hydrothermal stability is crucial for the practical application of deNO_(x)catalyst on diesel vehicles,for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR).SnO_(2)-based materials possess superior hydrothermal stability,which is attractive for the development of NH_(3)-SCR *** this work,a series of Ce-Nb/SnO_(2)catalysts,with Ce and Nb loading on SnO_(2)support,were prepared by impregnation *** was found that,the NH_(3)-SCR activities and hydrothermal stabilities of the Ce-Nb/SnO_(2)catalysts significantly varied with the impregnation sequences,and the Ce-Nb(f)/SnO_(2) catalyst that firstly impregnated Nb and then impregnated Ce exhibited the best *** characterization results revealed that CeNb(f)/SnO_(2)possessed appropriate acidity and redox ***,the strong synergistic effect between Nb and Sn species stabilized the structure and maintained the dispersion of acid *** study may provide a new understanding for the effect of impregnation sequence on activity and hydrothermal stability and a new environmental-friendly NH_(3)-SCR catalyst with potential applications for NO_(x)removal from diesel and hydrogenfueled engines.

关键词： NO_(x)emission control NH_(3)-SCR Hydrothermal stability Ce-Nb/SnO_(2)catalyst Impregnation sequence

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In-situ fabrication of TiO_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti) via MOF-driven strategy to promote efficient interfacial effects for enhancing photocatalytic NO removal activity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 389-393页

作者： Maosen Xu Pengfei Zhu Qinghong Cai Meichun Bu Chenghua Zhang Hong Wu Youzhou He Min Fu Siqi Li Xingyan Liu Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials College of Environment and ResourcesChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing400067China School of Pharmacy North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637100China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Deep oxidation of NO molecules to nitrate species by photocatalysis with virtually no toxic byproduct NO_(2)generation is a challenging *** this study,Ti O_(2)in-situ grows based on NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)(NM-125)not only inhibited TiO 2agglomeration,but also contacted more tightly to obtain efficient interfacial effects,thus displaying excellent photocatalytic NO removal activity(68.08%).The formation of Ti O_(2) is directly confirmed by characterizations such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Meanwhile,UV–vis,photoluminescence,and photoelectrochemical analysis indicate that TiO_(2) formation effectively improves the optical ***,the strong electron interaction and electron transport direction between NM-125 and Ti O_(2) are investigated by density functional theoretical(DFT)***,combined with the results of electron spin resonance(ESR)and in-situ FT-IR test,the intermediate processes of NO adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation reaction are discussed in depth,where the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)under light is the key factor in the successful degradation of *** with NM-125 which can only produce·OH through photogenerated electrons since the lower valence band position,NMT-2 can directly produce·OH through photogenerated holes,thereby relieving the pressure on photogenerated electrons and producing more *** study will provide reasonable guidance for the modification of NM-125 for photocatalytic removal of ppb-level NO.

关键词： Photocatalysis NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti) TiO_(2) No removal ROS

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ACMuse: An Actionable Multi-Stage Safety Evaluation Framework for Autonomous Vehicles 8

ACMuse: An Actionable Multi-Stage Safety Evaluation Framewor...

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8th CAA International Conference on Vehicular control and Intelligence, CVCI 2024

作者： Lyu, Zhouhang Wang, Cheng Yu, Ruilin Zhang, Yuxin State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun China School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504892

Safety evaluation methods for autonomous vehicles (AVs) have been recently studied. Existing methods such as sample-based methods employ criticality metrics to evaluate AV safety. They are typically restricted to single-dimension evaluations and fail to offer substantial evidence to address the critical question of how safe is safe enough. In response, we introduce an actionable multi-stage safety evaluation framework (ACMuse) designed to evaluate AV safety. This framework systematically measures safety performance through five sequential stages: safety distance assessment, collision risk check, collision avoidance capabilities assessment, collision severity assessment, and accident liability determination. Each stage is featured with specific quantitative indexes to enable an actionable framework across different test scenarios. We demonstrated the effectiveness of ACMuse by applying it to an actual Highway Pilot (HWP) system using real-world experiments. The results indicate that ACMuse offers deep and insightful safety analysis of the HWP, underscoring its ability to identify safety issues and its contributions to AV release. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle safety

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Combined Wind-Storage Frequency Modulation control Strategy Based on Fuzzy Prediction and Dynamic control

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Energy Engineering 2024年第12期121卷 3801-3823页

作者： Weiru Wang Yulong Cao Yanxu Wang Jiale You Guangnan Zhang Yu Xiao Northeast Electric Power University Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology of the Ministry EducationJilin132012China State Grid Songyuan Electric Power Supply Company Songyuan138000China

To ensure frequency stability in power systems with high wind penetration,the doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)is often used with the frequency fast response control(FFRC)to participate in frequency ***,a certain output power suppression amount(OPSA)is generated during frequency support,resulting in the frequency modulation(FM)capability of DFIG not being fully utilised,and the system’s unbalanced power will be increased during speed recovery,resulting in a second frequency drop(SFD)in the ***,the frequency response characteristics of the power system with DFIG containing FFRC are ***,based on the analysis of the generation mechanism of OPSA and SFD,a combined wind-storage FM control strategy is proposed to improve the system’s frequency response *** strategy reduces the effect of OPSA and improves the FM capability of DFIG by designing the fuzzy logic of the coefficients of FFRC according to the system frequency index in the frequency support *** the speed recovery stage,the energy storage(ES)active power reference value is calculated according to the change of DFIG rotor speed,and the ES output power is dynamically adjusted to reduce the ***,taking the IEEE 39-bus test system as an example,real-time digital simulation verification was conducted based on the RTLAB OP5707 simulation *** simulation results showthat theproposedmethodcan improve theFMcapabilityofDFIG,reduce the SFDunder thepremise of guaranteeing the rapid rotor speed recovery,and avoid the overshooting phenomenon so that the systemfrequency can be quickly restored to a stable state.

关键词： Doubly-fed induction generator frequency fast response control output power suppression amount frequency response characteristics second frequency drop combined wind-storage

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Aerodynamic Performance of Two-Vehicle Platooning of DrivAer Model 6th

Aerodynamic Performance of Two-Vehicle Platooning of DrivAer...

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6th Symposium on Fluid-Structure-Sound Interactions and control, FSSIC 2023

作者： Li, Jinji Tong, Zhongqing Zhang, Yingchao Chen, Tao State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun130022 China FAW Jiefang Commercial Vehicle Development Institute Changchun130013 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819762101

With the gradual maturity of intelligent driving technology, driving in platoon is easy to achieve, which might benefit for energy saving. Hence, it is urgent to discover the mechanism of aerodynamic in platoon condition. Aerodynamic drag and mechanism in two-vehicle platooning in different spacing are studied by numerical method with the DrivAer model. As spacing grows, three configuration models share the same law, but the leading and trailing car appear the opposite drag change compared with that in the isolated condition. Pressure changes of some crucial parts and wake field are analyzed in detail. Some new styles of vehicle shape might be needed for driving in platoon. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Aerodynamic drag

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Requirements Decomposition for Perception Systems of Autonomous Vehicles: A Case Study of Multi-Object Tracking 27

Requirements Decomposition for Perception Systems of Autonom...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2024

作者： Yu, Ruilin Wang, Cheng Lv, Zhouhang Zhang, Yuxin Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Changchun China School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505929

Safety requirements decomposition is critical to ensure a safe autonomous vehicle (AV) by design despite the importance of safety verification and validation. This study proposes a method called QUASARS (QUAntifying SAfety Requirements using Shapley) for efficiently decomposing AV perception safety requirements into component-level and effectively quantifying them. QUASARS models the quantification of the impact of component-level faults on system-level faults as a feature importance calculation problem. We demonstrated QUASARS using a multi-object tracking system as an example and validated component-level safety requirements 100 times on the test set. After meeting the generated component-level safety requirements, the testing system was able to meet the system-level safety requirements, indicating the effectiveness of this method in decomposing system-level safety requirements into component-level. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： autonomous vehicles Quantitative Requirements Risk Decomposition Shapely Value SOTIF

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Impacts of backwashing on micropollutant removal and associated microbial assembly processes in sand filters

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第3期17卷 87-92页

作者： Donglin Wang Jie Zhou Hui Lin Junwen Chen Jing Qi Yaohui Bai Jiuhui Qu Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Backwashing is crucial for preventing clogging of sand ***,few studies have investigated the effect of backwashing on micropollutant removal and the dynamic changes in the microbial community in sand ***,we used a series of manganese and quartz sand filters under empty bed contact times(EBCTs)of 2 h and 4 h to explore variations in micropollutant degradation and temporal dynamics of the microbial community after *** results showed that the removal efficiencies of caffeine,sulfamethoxazole,sulfadiazine,trimethoprim,atrazine,and active biomass recovered within 2 d after backwashing in both types of sand filters at 2-h EBCT,but the recovery of sulfadiazine and trimethoprim was not observed at 4-h ***,the removal efficiency of atenolol increased after backwashing in the manganese sand filters,whereas maintained almost complete removal efficiency in the quartz sand filters at both *** correlation analysis indicated that microbial community composition gradually recovered to the pre-backwashing level(R increased from 0.53 to 0.97)at 2-h EBCT,but shifted at 4-h EBCT(R<0.25)after ***,the compositions of the recovered,depleted,and improved groups of microbes were distinguished by applying hierarchical clustering to the differentially abundant amplicon sequence *** cumulative relative abundance of recovered microbes at 2-h EBCT was 82.76%±0.43%and 46.82%±4.34%in the manganese and quartz sand filters,*** contrast,at 4-h EBCT,the recovered microbes dropped to 15.55%–25.69%in both types of sand filters.

关键词： Sand filter Backwashing Recovery Micropollutants Community composition

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