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Mechanism for the promotional formation of NH_(4)^(+) by SO_(2) on different mineral dust surfaces

Particuology 2023年第4期75卷 109-118页

作者： Hao Li Qingxin Ma Biwu Chu Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Ammonium is an important atmospheric particulate component that dictates many environmental *** promotion of the heterogeneous conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+) by SO_(2) on different mineral dust surfaces displays remarkable discrepancies,especially on MgO and α-Fe2O3 surfaces,however,the underlying mechanisms are not well ***,using periodic density functional theory(DFT)calculation and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics(BOMD)simulation,we explored the hetero-geneous adsorption of NH_(3) on MgO(110)and α--Fe2O3(001)surfaces in the presence and absence of SO_(2).The results show that on MgO(110)surface,hydrogen-bonding interactions of NH_(3) on both adsorbed hydroxyl or bisulfite/bisulfate sites are observed no matter whether SO_(2) is present or ***,on theα-Fe2O3(001)surface,significant conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+)occurs with the coexistence of SO_(2),which is due to the hydrogen transfer reaction from surface HSO4 to N in NH_(3).The fundamental reason may be that the stronger electron affinity of Fe3+than Mg2+results in adsorbed bisulfate and/or bisulfite with greater acidity on α-Fe2O3 surface than MgO *** results give a molecular-level explanation for the heterogeneous conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+)on different mineral dust surfaces under complex air pollution *** the fact that ammonium is abundant in secondary particulates,this work would help in understanding the rapid conversion of ammonia to ammonium and in developing classification governance policies for the key precursor pollutants in China.

关键词： Mineral dust Heterogeneous reaction Theoretical calculation Ammonium SO_(2)

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The Electrical-Thermal Coupling simulation of Grafted Polypropylene Used in High-Voltage Direct Current Cables 4th

The Electrical-Thermal Coupling Simulation of Grafted Polypr...

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4th International Symposium on Insulation and Discharge Computation for Power Equipment, IDCOMPU 2023

作者： Fan, Yazhou Zhang, Wenjia Peng, Xiangyang Huang, Shangshi Li, Yinge Hu, Shixun Li, Qi He, Jinliang Guangdong Power Grid Company Limited Electricity Research Institute Guangzhou510062 China Department of Electrical Engineering The State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974122

Under direct current (DC) operation conditions, local electric field in insulation layer will be distorted, leading to insulation failure. Since the conductivity of insulating materials generally corresponds positively with temperature, a temperature gradient will form inside the insulating material during cable operation, making the conductivity distribution uneven and causing the "electric field reversal" phenomenon in the cable insulation layer. The distribution of the electric field and temperature field of the polypropylene grafted as the cable insulation under the electric heating-coupling field is yet to be studied. Studies have proved that by grafting modification the insulating properties of materials can be improved. This paper studied the and conductivity characteristics of grafted polypropylene materials, and selected one type for more experiments to obtain the material's conductivity-temperature-electric field strength characteristic equation through data fitting. A model of a 100 kV DC cable was established in COMSOL, and simulation of the cable section’s electric heating-coupling field was performed, revealing the temperature and electric field distribution inside the insulation layer when the cable is rated, overloaded, or short-circuited. This paper can provide some reference for operational analysis of polypropylene-insulated HVDC cables. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd 2024.

关键词： Polypropylenes

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Research on Longitudinal Functional Safety Analysis of Traffic Jam Assist System 7

Research on Longitudinal Functional Safety Analysis of Traff...

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7th CAA International Conference on Vehicular control and Intelligence, CVCI 2023

作者： He, Lei Ye, Feng Chen, Junyi Li, Haixia Di, Zhongju State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun China Intelligent Connected Vehicle Development Institute CHINA FAW GROUP CO..LTD Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340488

With the gradual advancement of vehicle intelligence and electrification, an increasing number of subsystems are involved in automobiles, leading to a diverse range of safety hazards arising from subsystem interactions. As an intelligent driving assistance system, the Traffic Jam Assist (TJA) system exhibits complex functionality and involves multiple components. To address the safety issues related to its longitudinal functions, this paper conducts a safety analysis of the TJA system based on Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP). The analysis identifies potential hazards throughout the vehicle and establishes functional safety goals based on these hazards. By integrating functional safety goals with failure causes, functional safety requirements are derived as guidelines for system improvement. Furthermore, the system is enhanced based on the original framework. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Functional safety Hazard Analysis HAZOP ISO 26262 Traffic Jam Assist

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Distributionally Robust Renewable-Transmission-Storage Planning Considering Carbon Taxes 22

Distributionally Robust Renewable-Transmission-Storage Plann...

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2022 Asia Conference on Electrical, Power and Computer Engineering, EPCE 2022

作者： Xie, Rui Wei, Wei Mei, Shengwei State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450396127

To protect the environment and lower carbon dioxide emissions, conventional fossil-fuel generators tend to be replaced by renewable generation. The volatile and uncertain renewable generation, as well as the reduced proportion of conventional fossil-fuel generators, causes challenges for power systems in terms of peak shaving. The equipment of energy storage is an important solution for the challenges. This paper proposes a distributionally robust method that coordinatedly plans renewable generation, transmission, and energy storage, minimizing the sum of investment and operation costs including carbon taxes. The operation cost is the optimal value of an operation optimization problem. Wasserstein-metric-based ambiguity set is established to deal with the possible inexactness of the empirical distribution of renewable generation and load uncertainties, based on which the worst-case expectation of operation cost is formulated. By calculating the Lipschitz constant of the operation cost function, the planning model comes down to mixed-integer linear programming. The case study in the IEEE 30-bus system demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2022 Owner/Author.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Diffusionless-Like Transformation Unlocks Pseudocapacitance with Bulk Utilization: Reinventing Fe_(2)O_(3) in Alkaline Electrolyte

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第1期6卷 145-154页

作者： Taowen Dong Wencai Yi Ting Deng Tingting Qin Xianyu Chu He Yang Lirong Zheng Seung Jo Yoo Jin-Gyu Kim Zizhun Wang Yan Wang Wei Zhang Weitao Zheng State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control and School of Materials Science&EngineeringKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOEand Electron Microscopy Centerand International Center of Future ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science(HPPMS) School of Physics and Physical EngineeringQufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Electron Microscopy Research Center Korea Basic Science InstituteDaejeon 34133South Korea Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbao 48013Spain

Energy density can be substantially raised and even maximized if the bulk of an electrode material is fully *** metal oxides based on conversion reaction mechanism are the imperative choice due to either constructing nanostructure or intercalation pseudocapacitance with their intrinsic ***,the fully bulk utilization of transition metal oxides is hindered by the poor understanding of atomic-level conversion reaction mechanism,particularly it is largely missing at clarifying how the phase transformation(conversion reaction)determines the electrochemical performance such as power density and cyclic ***,α-Fe_(2)O_(3) is a case provided to claim how the diffusional and diffusionless transformation determine the electrochemical behaviors,as of its conversion reaction mechanism with fully bulk utilization in alkaline ***,the discharge productα-FeOOH diffusional from Fe(OH)2 is structurally identified as the atomic-level arch criminal for its cyclic stability deterioration,whereas the counterpartδ-FeOOH is theoretically diffusionless-like,unlocking the full potential of the pseudocapacitance with fully bulk ***,such pseudocapacitance,in proof-of-concept and termed as conversion pseudocapacitance,is achieved via diffusionless-like *** work not only provides an atomic-level perspective to reassess the potential electrochemical performance of the transition metal oxides electrode materials based on conversion reaction mechanism but also debuts a new paradigm for pseudocapacitance.

关键词： bulk utilization,conversion pseudocapacitance diffusionless transformation Fe_(2)O_(3) phase transformation

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Deciphering environmental factors influencing phytoplankton community structure in a polluted urban river

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 375-386页

作者： Xiaxia Li Kai Chen Chao Wang Tianyu Zhuo Hongtao Li Yong Wu Xiaohui Lei Ming Li Bin Chen Beibei Chai School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Comprehensive Management of Water Resources School of Water Conservancy and HydroelectricHebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Hebei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Conservancy Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Tianjin Water Group Binhai Water Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300308China State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Tuojiang River Basin is a first-class tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River—which is the longest river in *** phytoplankton are sensitive indicators of trophic changes inwater bodies,characterizing phytoplankton communities and their growth influencing factors in polluted urban rivers can provide new ideas for pollution ***,we used direct microscopic count and environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding methods to investigate phytoplankton community structure in Tuojiang River Basin(Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China).The association between phytoplankton community structure and water environmental factors was evaluated by Mantel *** environmental monitoring data were used to pinpoint major factors that influenced phytoplankton growth based on structural equation *** the phylum level,the dominant phytoplankton taxa identified by the conventional microscopic method mainly belonged to Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta,and Cyanophyta,in contrast with Chlorophyta,Dinophyceae,and Bacillariophyta identified by eDNA ***α-diversity analysis,eDNA metabarcoding detected greater species diversity and achieved higher precision than the microscopic *** growth was largely limited by phosphorus based on the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios>16:1 in all water *** analysis and structural equation modeling also confirmed that the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio was the principal factor influencing phytoplankton *** results could be useful for implementing comprehensive management of the river basin *** is recommended to control the discharge of point-and surface-source pollutants and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in areas with excessive nutrients(e.g.,Jianyang-Ziyang).Algae monitoring techniques and removal strategies should be improved in 201 Hospital,Hongrihe Bridge and Colmar Town areas.

关键词： Environmental DNA Microscopic count Phytoplankton growth Structural equation modeling Tuojiang River Basin

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Modeling of Large-Scale Hydrogen Storage System Considering Capacity Attenuation and Analysis of Its Efficiency Characteristics

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Energy Engineering 2024年第2期121卷 291-313页

作者： Junhui Li Haotian Zhang Cuiping Li Xingxu Zhu Ruitong Liu Fangwei Duan Yongming Peng Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education(Northeast Electric Power University)Jilin132012China Ministry of Science and Technology Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co.Ltd.Shenyang110006China Northeast Electric Power Dispatching Control Center Northeast Branch of State Grid Corporation of ChinaShenyang110180China

In the existing power system with a large-scale hydrogen storage system,there are problems such as low efficiency of electric-hydrogen-electricity conversion and single modeling of the hydrogen storage *** order to improve the hydrogen utilization rate of hydrogen storage system in the process of participating in the power grid operation,and speed up the process of electric-hydrogen-electricity *** article provides a detailed introduction to the mathematical and electrical models of various components of the hydrogen storage unit,and also establishes a charging and discharging efficiency model that considers the temperature and internal gas partial pressure of the hydrogen storage *** models are of great significance for studying and optimizing gas storage *** these models,the performance of gas storage units can be better understood and *** studies are very helpful for improving energy storage efficiency and sustainable *** factors affecting the charge-discharge efficiency of hydrogen storage units are *** integrating the models of each unit and considering the capacity degradation of the hydrogen storage system,we can construct an efficiency model for a large hydrogen storage system and power conversion *** addition,the simulation models of the hydrogen production system and hydrogen consumption system were established in MATLAB/*** accuracy and effectiveness of the simulation model were proved by comparing the output voltage variation curve of the simulation with the polarization curve of the typical hydrogen production system and hydrogen consumption *** results show that the charge-discharge efficiency of the hydrogen storage unit increases with the increase of operating temperature,and H2 and O2 partial voltage have little influence on the charge-discharge *** the process of power conversion system converter rectification operation,its efficiency decreases wi

关键词： Hydrogen storage system simulation modeling electrolyzer fuel cell capacity loss

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Model Predictive control Strategy of Multi-Port Interline DC Power Flow controller

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Energy Engineering 2023年第10期120卷 2251-2272页

作者： He Wang Xiangsheng Xu Guanye Shen Bian Jing Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education(Northeast Electric Power University)Jilin132012China Marketing Department State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co.Ltd.Changchun130061China

There are issues with flexible DC transmission system such as a lack of control freedom over power *** order to tackle these issues,a DC power flow controller(DCPFC)is incorporated into a multi-terminal,flexible DC power *** recent years,a multi-port DC power flow controller based on a modular multi-level converter has become a focal point of research due to its simple structure and robust *** work proposes a model predictive control(MPC)strategy for multi-port interline DC power flow controllers in order to improve their steady-state dynamic ***,the mathematical model of a multi-terminal DC power grid with a multi-port interline DC power flow controller is developed,and the relationship between each regulated variable and control variable is determined;The power flow controller is then discretized,and the cost function and weight factor are built with numerous control *** module sorting method and nearest level approximation modulation regulate the power flow controller;Lastly,theMATLAB/Simulink simulation platformis used to verify the correctness of the establishedmathematicalmodel and the control performance of the suggestedMPC ***,it is demonstrated that the control strategy possesses the benefits of robust dynamic performance,multiobjective control,and a simple structure.

关键词： DC power flow controller model predictive control modular multi-level converter control strategy dynamic performance

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Identification of resistant pharmaceuticals in ozonation using QSAR modeling and their fate in electro-peroxone process

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 325-338页

作者： Majid Mustafa Huijiao Wang Richard H.Lindberg Jerker Fick Yujue Wang Mats Tysklind Department of Chemistry UmeåUniversityUmeåS-90187Sweden School of Environment Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants ControlState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control(Ministry of Education)Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The abatements of 89 pharmaceuticals in secondary effluent by ozonation and the electro-peroxone(E-peroxone)process were *** on the results,a quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR)model was developed to explore relationship between chemical structure of pharmaceuticals and their oxidation rates by *** orthogonal projection to latent structure(OPLS)method was used to identify relevant chemical descriptors of the pharmaceuticals,from large number of descriptors,for model *** resulting QSAR model,based on 44 molecular descriptors related to the ozone reactivity of the pharmaceuticals,showed high goodness of fit(R^(2)=0.963)and predictive power(Q^(2)=0.84).After validation,the model was used to predict second-order rate constants of 491 pharmaceuticals of special concern(k_(O_(3)))including the 89 studied *** predicted k_(O_(3))values and experimentally determined pseudo-first order rate constants of the pharmaceuticals’abatement during ozonation(k_(OZ))and the E-peroxone process(k_(EP))were then used to assess effects of switching from ozonation to the E-peroxone process on removal of these *** results indicate that the E-peroxone process could accelerate the abatement of pharmaceuticals with relatively low ozone reactivity(k_(O_(3))<∼10^(2)M^(−1)⋅s^(−1))than ozonation(3–10 min versus 5–20 min).The validated QSAR model predicted 66 pharmaceuticals to be highly O_(3)-*** developed QSAR model may be used to estimate the ozone reactivity of pharmaceuticals of diverse chemistry and thus predict their fate in ozone-based processes.

关键词： Ozone Electro-peroxone Wastewater Quantitative structure activity relationship Advanced oxidation processes

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Pumping and sliding of droplets steered by a hydrogel pattern for atmospheric water harvesting

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National Science Review 2023年第12期10卷 181-192页

作者： Wei Zhang Qinghua Ji Gong Zhang Zhenao Gu Haozhi Wang Chengzhi Hu Huijuan Liu Zhiyong Jason Ren Jiuhui Qu Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of Environment Tsinghua University Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment Princeton University

Atmospheric water harvesting is an emerging strategy for decentralized and potable water supplies. However,water nucleation and microdroplet coalescence on condensing surfaces often result in surface flooding owing to the lack of a sufficient directional driving force for shedding. Herein, inspired by the fascinating properties of lizards and catfish, we present a condensing surface with engineered hydrogel patterns that enable rapid and sustainable water harvesting through the directional pumping and drag-reduced sliding of water droplets. The movement of microscale condensed droplets is synergistically driven by the surface energy gradient and difference in Laplace pressure induced by the arch hydrogel patterns. Meanwhile, the superhydrophilic hydrogel surface can strongly bond inner-layer water molecules to form a lubricant film that reduces drag and facilitates the sliding of droplets off the condensing surface. Thus, this strategy is promising for various water purification techniques based on liquid–vapor phase-change processes.

关键词： atmospheric water harvesting droplet manipulation bio-inspired condensation

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