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Single-atom iron on semi-hollow carbon synthesized by chemical waste-vapor assistance: A superior catalyst for polychlorinated biphenyls degradation

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 164-172页

作者： Bingqing Wang Xu Han Jiaqiang Sun Zhichao Yun Yonghai Jiang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Anhui Basic Discipline Research Center for Clean Energy and Catalysis College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China

Single-atom site catalysts(SACs)with high atom utilization efficiencies exhibit unexpected properties,making them ideal candidate catalysts for numerous ***,we report a chemical-waste-vapor-assisted(CWVA)strategy for the synthesis of a catalyst with single atom Fe on semi-hollow N-doped carbon(SA-Fe/SHNC).Benefitting from its atomic Fe sites,the prepared catalyst exhibited a 103-fold higher activity(0.827 vs.0.008mol_(PCB-209)·mol_(M)^(-1)·h^(-1))and much longer time-stability(more than 50 vs.0.5 h)than benchmarked Fe_(3)0_(4) nanoparticles toward decachlorobiphenyl(PCB-209)*** and density functional theory calculations revealed that the highly active isolated Fe sites are responsible for the activity of Fe-SAC/*** addition,the CWVA method was shown to be applicable for synthesizing other single atoms on various structured supports,thereby providing new opportunities for the design of various structured SACs for different applications.

关键词： single-atomic site catalyst chemical-waste-vapor Fe-N-C hollow structure polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)

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control, Modeling and Stability Analysis of DRU-based Grid-forming Converter

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2025年第1期11卷 83-92页

作者： Wencong Wu Minzhi Wang Liang Tu Haiqing Cai Guanglei Yan Xiaohui Qu Haohan Gu Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of HVDC China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China National Energy Power Grid Technology R&D Center Guangzhou 510663China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power Systems China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Diode rectifier unit(DRU)-based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmissionsystems areeffectivein achieving the stableandeconomical operation of offshore *** theuncontrollable characteristicsof DRUs,a grid-forming(GFM)strategy forwind-turbine converters isnecessary to support offshore AC voltageand ***,the active power-synchronization control in traditional GFM converters is unsuitable for DRU-based GFM ***,the stability issue for DRU-based HVDC systems involving DRU-based GFM and grid-following(GFL)converters has not yet been *** solve these issues,this study begins with the characteristics of a DRU-based HVDC system and presents a control scheme for DRU-based GFM converters for power ***,the dq-frame impedance model of the DRU-based GFM converteris proposed for the stability analysis of the entire HVDC ***,a simulation platform is built to verify the model accuracy and system stability.

关键词： Diode rectifier unit offshore wind-powergeneration grid-forming converter impedance model stabilityanalysis

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An equivalent modeling method for integrated water-wind-solar systems based on sparrow search algorithm

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-16页

作者： Lu, Yuanhong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingyue Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Hu, Binjiang Guo, Tianyu State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China

In the context of extensive integration of renewable energy sources into the electrical grid, the grid's fault transient behaviors have undergone significant changes. However, conventional single-unit equivalent models fail to accurately capture the fault transient responses of combined wind-solar-hydro power stations and often require substantial computational resources, leading to reduced simulation efficiency. This study proposes a cluster-based equivalent modeling approach for hybrid wind-solar-hydro power plants using the Sparrow Search Algorithm. key factors influencing fault characteristics, including the distance to the Point of Common Coupling, DC-side current-limiting measures, irradiance levels, water flow rates, wind speeds, and reactive power at the outlet, are identified and used to construct a transient model. Euclidean distances are computed for these factors, and initial clustering centers for wind turbines are determined using an improved max–min distance technique. These factors and clustering centers serve as the training dataset to establish the clustering equivalent model. simulation results, conducted on the MATLAB2022 platform, demonstrate that the SSA-based model outperforms the single-unit equivalent model by over 150 times in terms of accuracy. Additionally, the SSA-based model achieves a delay time, defined as the time required to compute the system's transient response after a fault, of less than 5 ms, which is less than one-twentieth of the delay time of the single-unit equivalent model. These improvements highlight the model's ability to accurately capture dynamic power responses under various disturbances, making it highly suitable for real-time applications in hybrid renewable energy systems. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： MATLAB

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Seasonal changes of chemodiversity along with microbial succession in a municipal wastewater treatment plant

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第4期150卷 318-331页

作者： Yunwei Cui Junya Zhang Luoyao Wen Jibao Liu Zhineng Hao Chunzhong Wei Yanbo Jiang Yuansong Wei Peihong Shen College of Life Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530005China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Guangxi Beitou Environmental Protection&Water Group Co. LTD.Nanning 530025China

The relationship between chemodiversity and microbial succession in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)is highly intricate and *** specific contribution of the microbial community to changes in the composition of dissolved organic matter(DOM)within different biological treatment units remains unclear,as does the reciprocal influence of DOM composition on microbial *** this study,spectroscopy((Excitationemission matrix)EEM-PARAFAC,Ultraviolet(UV)-spectrum,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR)),Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer(LC–MS)and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance(FT-ICR)MS along with high-throughput sequencing technology were used to explore the relationship between chemodiversity and microbial succession in WWTPs concerning seasonal *** results showed that WWTPs with anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(A2O)processes can metabolize and transformmost of thewastewater DOM,and the anaerobic unit has the highest removal rate for fluorescence DOM(FDOM,14.07%-64.43%);the anaerobic unit increased aliphatic/proteins and lignin-like molecules but decreased relative intensity,while the anoxic unit removed unsaturated hydrocarbons,aromatic structures,and lignin-like *** impact of seasonal changes on the composition and removal of FDOM and DOM in wastewater treatment is significant,and the variations that occur during different seasons affect microbial activity,as well as the production,degradation,and transformation of organic compounds throughout thewastewater treatment *** analysis shows that Parcubacteria_genera_incertae_sedis plays a crucial role in DOM chemodiversity,highlighting the crucial contribution of microbial com-munities to both the structure and operation of the entire DOM *** results in this study could provide some theoretical and practical basis for guiding the process optimiza-tion of WWTPs.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant Dissolved organic matter Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry Chemodiversity Microbial community

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The electromagnetic transient simulation acceleration algorithm based on delay mitigation of dynamic critical paths

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-12页

作者： Guo, Qi Lu, Yuanhong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingyue Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Guo, Tianyu Tu, Liang State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China

The task scheduling problem based on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) has been proven to be NP-complete in general cases or under certain restrictions. In this paper, building upon existing scheduling algorithms, we introduce a static task scheduling algorithm based on directed acyclic graphs. By incorporating the proportion of task transmission delay as a guiding metric in the optimization process, processors can be prioritized for tasks with high latency, thereby improving computational efficiency. We first validate the theoretical feasibility of the algorithm using a theoretical case study and illustrate the algorithmic effectiveness using two real case studies, direct current (DC) model and alternating current (AC) model respectively. The research indicates that the scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper achieves an average scheduling length improvement of over 1.2% compared to the Heterogeneous Earliest-Finish-Time algorithm (HEFT) in topologies with high latency tasks. Additionally, the experiments show that the HEFT algorithm consumes 39.85us and the EMT-DM algorithm consumes 38.29us during simulation using DC, and the HEFT algorithm consumes 31.23us and the EMT-DM algorithm consumes 26.51us during simulation using AC, both of which are improved compared to the HEFT algorithm. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Flow graphs

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Online Optimization to Suppress the Grid-Injected Power Deviation of Wind Farms with Battery-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Storage Systems

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Energy Engineering 2025年第4期122卷 1403-1424页

作者： Min Liu Qiliang Wu Zhixin Li Bo Zhao Leiqi Zhang Junhui Li Xingxu Zhu State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co. Ltd.Electric Power Research InstituteHangzhou310014China Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation Control and Green Power New Technology of the Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China

To address the issue of coordinated control of multiple hydrogen and battery storage units to suppress the grid-injected power deviation of wind farms,an online optimization strategy for Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems based on measurement feedback is ***,considering the high charge/discharge losses of hydrogen storage and the low energy density of battery storage,an operational optimization objective is established to enable adaptive energy adjustment in the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage ***,an online optimization model minimizing the operational cost of the hybrid system is constructed to suppress grid-injected power deviations with satisfying the operational constraints of hydrogen storage and ***,utilizing the online measurement of the energy states of hydrogen storage and batteries,an online optimization strategy based on measurement feedback is *** study results show:before and after smoothing the fluctuations in wind power,the time when the power exceeded the upper and lower limits of the grid-injected power accounted for 24.1%and 1.45%of the total time,respectively,the proposed strategy can effectively keep the grid-injected power deviations of wind farms within the allowable *** storage and batteries respectively undertake long-term and short-term charge/discharge tasks,effectively reducing charge/discharge losses of the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems and improving its operational efficiency.

关键词： Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems grid-injected power deviations measurement feedback online optimization energy states

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Flash recovery of lithium from spent anode graphite by carbothermal shock and water leaching

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Green Chemistry 2025年第22期27卷 6595-6606页

作者： Song, Duanmei Zhang, Beikai Du, Hongbiao Wu, Jing Yu, Jiadong Li, Jinhui State Key Joint Laboratory Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The global boom in electric vehicles has led to an alarming accumulation of lithium-ion battery waste. Battery recycling technologies have primarily focused on cathode metal recovery, while the contaminated anode graphite has been severely neglected. Conventional graphite recovery methods require multiple acid washes or prolonged high-temperature treatment and consume large amounts of energy and chemicals. Here, we develop an ultra-fast carbon thermal shock and water leaching (CTSW) method, which can transiently realize the complete stripping of anode materials, enable 100% recovery of graphite and copper foil, and recover valuable lithium resources. Specifically, carbon thermal shock (CTS) introducing auxiliary media (CaCO3, Al2O3, etc.) promotes lithium aggregation from the interior to the surface of graphite, converts insoluble LiF to Li2CO3, achieves deep leaching of >99.5% lithium, and immobilizes the hazardous byproduct, HF, to metal fluoride. Compared to conventional hydrometallurgy, LCA analysis shows that our CTSW method has a significantly lower environmental impact, energy, and cost. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Stable biofilm formation via nutrition regulation for enhancing toluene removal in gas–solid fluidized-bed bioreactors

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Process Biochemistry 2025年 155卷 84-91页

作者： Fang, Yangdan Lu, Lichao Ou, Guangquan Zhu, Qinqin Sun, Zhuqiu Liu, Ziyu Yeung, Marvin Xi, Jinying Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port-Petrochemical Industry Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan316004 China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of Technology Yancheng224051 China Taizhou Pollution Control Technology Center Co. LTD Zhejiang Taizhou318000 China

Gas-solid fluidized-bed bioreactors (FBRs), an innovative equipment for gaseous volatile organic compound (VOC) treatment, are used to realize efficient removal of VOCs characterized by large volumes and low concentrations and avoid clogging due to excessive biofilm accumulation. However, difficulties in biomass accumulation caused by stressful environmental pressures, especially shear force, limit their development. In this study, two laboratory-scale FBRs were built, and toluene removal was nearly twiced with saturated relative humidity and adequate nutrition supplement. Accelerated biofilm formation, activated microbial metabolism, enhanced mechanical strength, and surface smoothness were also observed. Nutrition regulation optimized cell synthesis and extracellular polymeric substance secretion through alternation of the accumulation of elements, especially C/N and Ca, which increased by 84 % and 112 %, respectively. The biofilm loss was reduced by 50–75 % under compression and collision conditions, indicating the promoted biofilm stability under shear force caused by extrusion and collision between particles. With the initial drawbacks partially mitigated, nutrient regulation during FBR operation was found to be useful. This study provides theoretical support for further applications of FBRs and efficient treatment of gaseous VOCs with large gas volumes and low concentrations. © 2025

关键词： Fume control

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High-temperature calcination dramatically promotes the activity of Cs/Co/Ce-Sn catalyst for soot oxidation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 534-538页

作者： Meng Wang Yan Zhang Yunbo Yu Wenpo Shan Hong He Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315800China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Catalytic oxidation of soot is of great importance for emission control on diesel *** this work,a highly active Cs/Co/Ce-Sn catalyst was investigated for soot oxidation,and it was unexpectedly found that high-temperature calcination greatly improved the activity of the *** the calcination temperature was increased from 500℃ to 750℃,T_(50) decreased from 456.9℃ to 389.8℃ in a NO/O_(2)/H_(2)O/N_(2) *** results revealed that high-temperature calcination can promote the ability to transfer negative charge density from Cs to other metal cations in Cs/Co/Ce-Sn,which will facilitate the production of more oxygen defects and the generation of more surface-active oxygen *** oxygen species are beneficial to the oxidation of NO to NO_(2),leading to the high yield of NO_(2) ***,the Cs/Co/Ce-Sn catalyst calcined at 750℃ demonstrated higher activity than that calcined at 500℃.This work provides a pathway to prepare high efficiency catalysts for the removal of soot and significant insight into the effects of calcination on soot oxidation catalysts.

关键词： Soot oxidation Calcination Surface defects Surface-active oxygen species NO_(2)

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Unique electronic regulation in bimetallic MOF for efficient electrochemical synthesis of H2O2 at 500 mA cm−2

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Nano Energy 2025年 141卷

作者： Yu, Yang Jiao, Dongxu Yi, Lingya Zhao, Dantong Zou, Jiajia Cui, Xiaoqiang Hu, Weihua School of Materials and Energy Chongqing Key Laboratory of Battery Materials and Technology Southwest University Chongqing400715 China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE Jilin University Changchun130012 China

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted significant attention in the field of electrocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 through 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the active sites responsible for catalysis have remained unknown, and practical application of MOFs in this area is yet to be demonstrated. In this study, a CoZn bimetallic MOF catalyst (BIM-Co2Zn8-500, BIM refers to benzimidazole) based on imidazole was synthesized and exhibited exceptional activity, selectivity and stability for the electrocatalytic synthesis of H2O2. The catalyst achieved a high H2O2 yield of 21.77 mol g−1 h−1 and a Faradaic Efficiency (FE) of 92.5 % at a current density of 500 mA cm−2 using a gas diffusion electrode, thus showing great potential for practical applications. Through joint spectroscopic characterizations and density function theory (DFT) calculations, a unique electronic regulation mechanism was elucidated in this catalyst. It was found that the catalytic sites were the coordinately unsaturated Zn atoms, whose electronic structure was regulated by the nearby Co/Zn nodes. This regulation enabled precise adjustment of the binding free energy of the *OOH intermediate, thereby enhancing the 2-electron ORR activity. © 2025

关键词： Electrolytic reduction

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