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Industry benchmark research of Beijing carbon trade pilot: A case study in thermal industry

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Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue/China Environmental Science 2023年第1期43卷 456-464页

作者： Chen, Cao-Cao Qiu, Da-Qing Liu, Geng-Yuan Zhang, Yue Tian, Tian-Qi Yu, Feng-Ju Song, Dan Sun, Fen Fan, Yi-Ran Hu, Yong-Feng Wang, Li-Bo Wang, Xin-Shuang Hu, Jing Beijing Climate Change Management Centre Beijing100086 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China

This paper took carbon emissions industry benchmark of heating industry in Beijing pilot carbon market as an example. Based on the verified enterprises data of the heating industry from 2013 to 2019, this study analysed 4kinds of benchmark scenarios. Following the Beijing atmospheric pollution control, the clean transformation of the coal-fired heating industry was basically completed. Taking 2017 as the turning point, the heating intensity was transitioned from a rapid decline to a stable state, and it was appropriate to choose a more recent historical year as the base year for analysis. The benchmark value of the heating industry in Beijing should be set as 63.1kgCO2/GJ after assessing the advancement of comprehensive evaluation benchmark value and comparing the proportion of the industry degree of surplus quota and quota insufficient enterprise. This benchmark value in this research was stricter than the published energy consumption limit standard for local heating industries in Beijing, and it was in good agreement with the published advanced carbon emission value of the Beijing heating industry. After the transformation of the heating industry in Beijing from the historical intensity method to the benchmark method, the fairness of this method was further improved compared with the historical intensity method, by drawing a uniform baseline and making the overall quota of the industry inadequate. This study has a positive role in promoting the reconstruction of thermal system under the urban carbon neutrality target. © 2023 Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon

Combustion and emission characteristics of diesel/n-butanol blends with split-injection and exhaust gas recirculation stratification

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第7期29卷 2189-2200页

作者： SUN Yi SUN Wan-chen GUO Liang YAN Yu-ying ZHANG Hao LI Xiu-ling State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China Faculty of Engineering the University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUnited Kingdom

Oxygen fuels have broad application prospects and great potential for realizing efficient and clean combustion,and hence this study applies diesel/n-butanol blends to explore the influence of split-injection strategy on combustion and emission ***,changing the way of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR)gas introduction forms uneven in-cylinder components distribution,and utilizing EGR stratification optimizes the combustion process and allows better emission *** results show that the split-injection strategy can reduce the NO_(x)emissions and keep smoke opacity low compared with the single injection,but the rise in accumulation mode particles is ***_(x)emissions show an upward trend as the injection interval expands,while soot emissions are significantly *** increase in pre-injection proportion causes the apparent low-temperature heat release,and the two-stage heat release can be observed during the process of main combustion heat *** pre-injection mass makes NO_(x)gradually increase,but smoke opacity reaches the lowest point at 15%pre-injection *** stratification can optimize the emission results under the split injection strategy,especially the considerable suppression of accumulation mode particulate *** all,fuel stratification coupled with EGR stratification is beneficial for further realizing the in-cylinder purification of pollutants.

关键词： oxygen fuel split-injection exhaust gas recirculation(EGR)stratification pollutant emissions particle size distribution

Potential Stimulation of Nitrifying Bacteria by Landfill Leachate

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Siqi Yang, Shaolin Xue, Yu Sahidul, M.D. Islam Liu, Yanchen Huang, Xia State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

With the increasing complexity of influent composition in wastewater treatment plants, the potential stimulating effects of refractory organic matter in wastewater on growth characteristics and species shift of nitrifying bacteria need to be further investigated. In this study, municipal wastewater was co-treated with landfill leachate in the lab-scale reactor, and the competition and co-existence of Ca. Nitrotoga and Nitrospira were observed. The results demonstrated that the addition of landfill leachate can significantly promote the growth of Ca. Nitrotoga, whereas Ca. Nitrotoga populations remain less competitive in domestic wastewater operation. In addition, we found that the refractory organic matter in the landfill leachate had a potential stimulating effect on the maximum specific growth rate of Nitrosomonas (μmax, aob). The μmax, aob of Nitrosomonas in the control group was estimated to be 0.49 d-1 by fitting the ASM model, and the μmax, aob reached 0.66-0.71 d-1 after injection of refractory organic matter in the landfill leachate, while the maximum specific growth rate of NOB (μmax, nob) was always in the range of 1.05-1.13 d-1. These findings have positive significance for the understanding of potential stimuli in nitrification processes and the stable operation of innovative wastewater treatment process. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biogeochemistry

A nonlinear explicit Model Predictive controller for an Electro-hydraulic braking system of an Electric vehicle driven by a four-wheel Hub

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A nonlinear explicit Model Predictive Controller for an Elec...

Conference on Vehicle control and Intelligence (CVCI)

作者： Liang Chu Jinwei Li Ming Liu Yilin Wang Zewei Jiang Chong Guo The State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun China School of Automotive Studies Tongji University Shanghai China Changsha Automobile Innovation Research Institute Jilin University Changchun China

Nowadays, braking energy recovery technology has been widely integrated into new energy-electric vehicle electromechanical systems, which can extend the mileage of vehicles. However, coordinating electric braking and hydraulic braking to ensure an optimum balance between braking safety and energy recovery is a relevant problem to be worked out. This study proposes a coordinated control strategy for the electrohydraulic braking system. First, an optimization distribution strategy of braking force is elaborated. Then, ca coordinated control strategy based on the explicit nonlinear model predictive controller(eNMPC) is designed to correct the braking torque aiming at guaranteeing stability and the energy regenerating efficiency simultaneously. Lastly, the analysis results manifest that the proposed strategy can increase the braking energy recovery efficiency by nearly 4.02% compared with the traditional strategies, highlighting its anticipated preferable performance.

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Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Methanol Gasoline and Ethanol Gasoline in Spark-Assisted Compression Ignition Under Air and Exhaust Gas Dilution Conditions

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Xiaona Xie, Fangxi Han, Linghai Gong, Yanfeng Li, Xiaoping Jiang, Beiping Liu, Yu State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun130025 China FAW Research and Development Institute Jilin University Changchun China

Promoting the use of renewable, clean-burning fuels like methanol and ethanol is a crucial strategy for the engine sector to meet carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets. Spark-assisted compression ignition (SACI) can achieve high thermal efficiency with low levels of pollution. The dilution components and amount of dilution are critical elements that impact SACI combustion performance. As a result, in order to encourage the advancement of energy-saving and carbon-reduction work in engines, this research studies the SACI of methanol gasoline and ethanol gasoline at various air dilution and exhaust gas dilution ratios. This article alters the volume of exhaust gas in the cylinder by modifying the variable valve timing and lift. The results showed that raising the dilution rate increased the spark delay and combustion duration while also delaying auto-ignition. A dimensionless evaluate was proposed, indicating that exhaust gas dilution causes a greater delay in the combustion process than air dilution. When the dilution increases, the MBT must be advanced to maintain good combustion performance. The addition of methanol and ethanol can also impact SACI's combustion process. The effect of exhaust dilution on spark delay for gasoline, E15, M15, and M30 steadily increases, although the effect of air dilution is minimal. At each dilution rate, E15 and M15 auto-ignition earlier than 92 gasoline, with M30 igniting first. In addition, the combustion noise of E15, M15, and M30 is louder than gasoline. M30 has the highest combustion efficiency, almost 5% greater than gasoline, and the maximum improvement rates of fuel consumption for gasoline, E15, M15, and M30 are 16.28%, 17.48%, 19.05%, and 22.02%, respectively. The auto-ignition corresponding to optimal fuel consumption under various dilution rates ranges from 8.75 to 12.2 ° CA. The optimal auto-ignition of air dilution combined with M30 occurs earliest, around 8.75°CA. Exhaust gas dilution significantly lowered NOx emiss

关键词： Methanol

Enhancement of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Production from Sludge Anaerobic Fermentation Liquid Under Moderate Sulfate Reduction

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Gao, Shan Chen, Zhan Zhu, Shihui Yu, Jinlan Wen, Xianghua State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

In this study, batch tests for chain elongation (CE) process of sludge anaerobic fermentation liquid (SAFL) under different SCOD/SO42- ratios were performed. The effects of sulfate reduction on the performance of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) production, fermentation liquid properties and microbial communities were systematically investigated. The moderate sulfate reduction under the optimum SCOD/SO42- of 20:1 enhanced the n-caproate production, giving the maximum n-caproate concentration, selectivity and production rate of 5.49 g COD/L, 21.4% and 4.87 g COD/L/d, respectively. The excessive sulfate reduction under SCOD/SO42- ≤ 5 completely inhibited the CE process, resulting in almost no n-caproate generation. The variations in n-caproate production under different conditions of SCOD/SO42- were all well fitted with the modified Gompertz kinetic model. Alcaligenes and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 were the dominant genus-level biomarkers under moderate sulfate reduction (SCOD/SO42- = 20), which enhanced the n-caproate production by increasing the generation of acetyl-CoA and the hydrolysis of difficult biodegradable substances in SAFL. The findings in this work provide a strategy and a theoretical basis for the further enhancement of MCFAs production from excess sludge. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

Nitrogen Removal Characteristics of a Novel Bacterium Klebsiella Sp. Tsh15 by Assimilatory/Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction and Ammonia Assimilation

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ren, Jilong Liu, Yanchen Huang, Xia State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

A novel HNAD strain with excellent nitrogen metabolic ability was screened and identified as Klebsiella sp. TSH15 by 16S rRNA. The results demonstrated that the ammonia-N and nitrate-N removal rates were 2.99 mg/L/h and 2.53 mg/L/h under optimal conditions, respectively. The analysis of the whole genome indicated that strain TSH15 contained the key genes involved in assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and ammonia assimilation, including nas, nar, nir, nor, glnA, gltB, gdhA, and amt. The relative expression levels of key nitrogen removal genes were further detected by RT-qPCR. The results indicated that the N metabolic pathways of strain TSH15 were the conversion of nitrate or nitrite to ammonia by assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction (NO3−→NO2−→NH4+) and further conversion of ammonia to glutamate (NH4+-N → Glutamate) by ammonia assimilation. These results indicated that the strain TSH15 had the potential to be applied to practical sewage treatment in the future. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrogen removal

Mechanism of phenanthrene degradation by the halophilic Pelagerythrobacter sp. N7

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Chemosphere 2024年 350卷 141175页

作者： Li, Xiangjin Cao, Xinghong Zhang, Zuotao Li, Yichun Zhang, Yue Wang, Chongyang Fan, Weihua Miami College Henan University Henan Kaifeng475000 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

PAHs has shown worldwide accumulation and causes a significant environmental problem especially in saline and hypersaline environments. Moderately halophilic bacteria could be useful for the bioremediation of PAH pollution in hypersaline environments. Pelagerythrobacter sp. N7 was isolated from the PAH-degrading consortium 5H, which was enriched from mixed saline soil samples collected in Shanxi Province, China. 16S rRNA in the genomic DNA revealed that strain N7 belonged to Pelagerythrobacter. Strain N7 exhibited a high tolerance to a wide range of salinities (1–10%) and was highly efficient under neutral to weak alkaline conditions (pH 6–9). The whole genome of strain N7 was sequenced and analyzed, revealing an abundance of catabolic genes. Using the whole genome information, we conducted preliminary research on key enzymes and gene clusters involved in the upstream and downstream PAH degradation pathways of strain N7, thereby inferring its degradation pathway for phenanthrene and naphthalene. This study adds to our understanding of PAH degradation in hypersaline environments and, for the first time, identifies a Pelagerythrobacter with PAH-degrading capability. Strain N7, with its high efficiency in phenanthrene degradation, represents a promising resource for the bioremediation of PAHs in hypersaline environments. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Bioremediation

Ecological Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Vegetated Coastal Wetland Ecosystem: Exploring the Roles of Biodiversity and Environmental Changes

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Journal of Marine Environmental Engineering 2025年第1期12卷 35-47页

作者： Liu, Lele Du, Ning Eller, Franziska Ye, Siyuan Li, Xiaowen Wei, Jifang Guo, Yaolin Brix, Hans Guo, Weihua Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea Ministry of Natural Resources School of Life Sciences Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao266237 China Department of Biology Aarhus University Ole Worms Alle 1 Aarhus8000 Denmark Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological Survey Qingdao266000 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China North China Sea Ecological Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources Qingdao266000 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of EcoChongming School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai200433 China

Vegetated coastal wetlands, also called blue carbon ecosystems, are significant carbon sinks that play a vital role in global climate change mitigation. Understanding the ecological mechanisms of carbon sequestration in these ecosystems is essential to effectively manage and conserve them. This review focuses on macroecological mechanisms of carbon transfer and microecological mechanisms of carbon stabilization in vegetated coastal wetland ecosystems. Macroecological mechanisms include the horizontal and vertical carbon transport coupled to plant ecophysiology and community diversity, while microecological mechanisms include processes related to soil organic matter dynamics, such as decomposition, stabilization, and mineralization. key scientific issues surrounding these mechanisms include transformation between carbon sink and source, stabilization mechanisms of organic carbon, and environmental effects at multiple time scales. A comprehensive research framework is also presented, which integrates spatial-temporal pattern, macroecological mechanism, microecological mechanism, and ecological engineering. Addressing these key scientific questions within the proposed framework can provide valuable insights into the significant role of biodiversity in blue carbon ecosystems, as well as significant implications for management and conservation of vegetated coastal wetlands under global climate changes. © 2025 Old City Publishing, Inc.

关键词： Ecosystems