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Robust superhydrophobic surface on Al substrate with durability, corrosion resistance and ice-phobicity

Scientific reports 2016年第1期6卷 20933页

作者： Guoyong Wang Shuai Liu Sufeng Wei Yan Liu Jianshe Lian Qing Jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University No. 5988 Renmin Street Changchun 130025 PR China. Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials Changchun University of Technology Changchun 130012 P.R. China. Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun 130022 China.

Practical application of superhydrophobic surfaces is limited by the fragility of nanoscale asperities. Combining chemical etching and anodization, microscale pits and nanoscale pores, instead of the micro and nano protrusions on traditional superhydrophobic surfaces mimicking Lutos leaves, were fabricated on commercially pure aluminum surfaces. After modified by FDTS, the surfaces were superhydrophobic and self-cleaning. The ultrahigh hardness and electrochemical stability of Al2O3 coating endowed the surface excellent mechanical durability and good corrosion resistance. Because the method is scalable, it may find practical application on body panels of automobiles and aircrafts and so on.

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Parameter optimization on piston skirt with bionic hole

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International Agricultural engineering Journal 2016年第2期25卷 171-181页

作者： Wu, Bo Sun, Tianyu Liu, Hongtao Tian, Weijun Jin, Shaojiang Yu, Chunyan Cong, Qian Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University 130022 China Engineering Training Center Changchun Institute of Technology 130012 China Maintenance Department Changchun Keygen Biological Products Co. Ltd. 130012 China Institute of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Changchun Institute of Technology 130012 China

The research shows that earthworm's non-smooth surface makes its son body freeing to through in the crusty earth and itself being intact. In this article, LX-2V automobile engine was taken as the experimental subject. Drag reduction and wear-resisting structure of earthworm surface were used to piston skirt, which was major friction pair of engine. Firstly, arrangement, line distance, diameter range of bionic holes was made by dorsal pore arrangement and detail size of earthworm and boundary dimension of piston. bionic holes diameters were confirmed by relative speed drag reduction rate. Secondly, based on results of finite element analysis of standard piston, max stress was on the top, max deformation was at the bottom. bionic holes diameters were designed by different sizes, the nearer piston top was, the bigger diameter size could be. bionic holes had variable line-spacing, the nearer piston top was, the longer line-spacing would be. So that piston could drag reduction and wear-resisting, and it was less fatigue failure at work. This paper made L9 (33) with the orthogonal experiment method. Used three hole distributions, they were homogeneous form, interlaced form, gradual increase by line;three form bionic holes, they were pit, through-bore, pit & through-bore alternating;three type hole sizes, they were "I II III". Standard piston and nine bionic pistons made thermal-mechanical coupling FEM on the most adverse working condition. Selected three test indexes, which are done by range analysis, then reached primary-secondary factors and optimal combination. Thirdly, cold test-bed of automobile engine was installed. The standard piston, the best comprehensive property piston of finite element analysis and optimal combination piston were trial on this test-bed. Finally, the following conclusions were gained: (1) Design of variable diameter and variable line spacing was more advantageous than uniform distribution. (2) Best hole diameter was from 1 to 3.5 mm. (3) Abras

关键词： Equipment testing

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A dynamic multi-level temporal and spatial coordination method for orderly power utilization based on customer load curtailment cost characteristics

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Dianwang Jishu/Power System Technology 2016年第2期40卷 425-432页

作者： Yan, Qingguo Tong, Xing Zhang, Ning Chen, Xiao Yi, Yongxian State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company NanjingJiangsu Province210024 China State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Dept. of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Haidian District Beijing100084 China Jiangsu Electric Power Company Research Institute NanjingJiangsu Province210019 China State Grid Key Laboratory of Electric Power Metrology NanjingJiangsu Province211103 China

When there is power supply shortage or emergency event in power system, orderly power utilization needs to be applied to cut down electricity demand to maintain power supply for important electricity consumers. Current orderly power utilization fails to consider curtailment costs for different regions and customers, and ignores temporal continuity and production regularity of customer, leading to inefficient load curtailment scheduling. This paper proposes a dynamic multi-level temporal and spatial coordinated shortage allocation method considering customer load curtailment costs for orderly power utilization. Load curtailment cost function is established from individual customer level up to provincial electrical grid level. An optimization model is proposed to strategically rearrange customer load profiles across multiple periods. Case studies show that the method efficiently coordinates power shortage in temporal and spatial scale, and significantly brings down economic cost due to curtailment allocation. This model could help promote customer satisfaction level in orderly power utilization. © 2016, Power System Technology Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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Wettability control: controlling Wettability for Improved Corrosion Inhibition on Magnesium Alloy as Biomedical Implant Materials (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 8/2016)

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Advanced Materials Interfaces 2016年第8期3卷

作者： Yan Liu Wenguang Yao Xiaoming Yin Huiyuan Wang Zhiwu Han Luquan Ren Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun 130022 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Ministry of Education) and College of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130022 P. R. China

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STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND NUMERICAL simulation OF SEA-LAND BREEZES IN HAINAN ISLAND

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2014年第3期20卷 267-278页

作者：张振州曹超雄宋宇康凌蔡旭晖 Department of Environmental Sciences College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University State Joint Key Lab of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Unit 91715 of PLA Navy Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction China Meteorological Administration

The sea-land breeze circulation(SLBC) occurs regularly at coastal locations and influences the local weather and climate significantly. In this study, based on the observed surface wind in 9 conventional meteorological stations of Hainan Island, the frequency of sea-land breeze(SLB) is studied to depict the diurnal and seasonal variations. The statistics indicated that there is a monthly average of 12.2 SLB days and an occurrence frequency of about 40%, with the maximum frequency(49%) in summer and the minimum frequency(29%) in autumn. SLB frequencies(41%) are comparable in winter and spring. A higher frequency of SLB is present in the southern and central mountains due to the enhancement effect of the mountain-valley breeze. Due to the synoptic wind the number of SLB days in the northern hilly area is less than in other areas. Moreover, the WRF model, adopted to simulate the SLBC over the island for all seasons, performs reasonably well reproducing the phenomenon, evolution and mechanism of SLBC. Chiefly affected by the difference of temperature between sea and land, the SLBC varies in coverage and intensity with the seasons and reaches the greatest intensity in summer. The typical depth is about 2.5 km for sea breeze circulation and about 1.5 km for land breeze circulation. A strong convergence zone with severe ascending motion appears on the line parallel to the major axis of the island, penetrating 60 to 100 km inland. This type of weak sea breeze convergence zone in winter is north-south oriented. The features of SLBC in spring are similar both to that in summer with southerly wind and to that in winter with easterly wind. The coverage and intensity of SLBC in autumn is the weakest and confined to the southwest edge of the central mountainous area. The land breeze is inherently very weak and easily affected by the topography and weather. The coverage and intensity of the land breeze convergence line is significantly less than those of the sea breeze. The orogra

关键词： Hainan Island sea-land breeze statistical characteristics WRF numerical simulation

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Modeling and Analysis of Unit Commitment Considering RCAES System 33

Modeling and Analysis of Unit Commitment Considering RCAES S...

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第三十三届中国控制会议

作者： LIU Bin CHEN Laijun ZHANG Yu FANG Chen MEI Shengwei ZHOU Yuan State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua University Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)9781479947249

Regenerative compressed air energy storage(RCAES) system is a practical and efficient solution to large-scale integration of renewable energy problems faced by power systems currently. Appropriately modeling of RCAES system is critical to its practical application, whereas research in this area has been very limited. According to the energy storage and transformation process, a concise model of RCAES system applicable to power scheduling field is proposed. Then, a unit commitment model with RCAES system is formulated as a MILP problem which can be accurately solved with high computation efficiency by CPLEX. A modified IEEE 39 bus system is used to study the impacts of parameters of RCAES system on unit commitment and the effectiveness of the proposed model is then validated. Furthermore, the proposed model can also be employed to optimize key parameters of RCAES system, e.g. efficiency and capacity of each part in an integrated way.

关键词： unit commitment,regenerative,CAES,efficiency analysis,schedule

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"what We Breathe Impacts Our Health: Improving Understanding of the Link between Air Pollution and Health"

"what We Breathe Impacts Our Health: Improving Understanding...

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作者： West, J. Jason Cohen, Aaron Dentener, Frank Brunekreef, Bert Zhu, Tong Armstrong, Ben Bell, Michelle L. Brauer, Michael Carmichael, Gregory Costa, Dan L. Dockery, Douglas W. Kleeman, Michael Krzyzanowski, Michal Künzli, Nino Liousse, Catherine Lung, Shih-Chun Candice Martin, Randall V. Pöschl, Ulrich Pope, C. Arden Roberts, James M. Russell, Armistead G. Wiedinmyer, Christine Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27599 United States Health Effects Institute BostonMA02110 United States European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability IspraI. 21027 Italy Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Universiteit Utrecht Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht3584 CJ Netherlands State Key Lab for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Social and Environmental Health Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine LondonWC1E 7HT United Kingdom School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z3 Canada Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Iowa Iowa CityIA52242 United States Air Climate and Energy Research Program Office of Research and Development Environmental Protection Agency DurhamNC27705 United States Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health BostonMA02115 United States Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California at Davis DavisCA95616 United States Environmental Research Group King's College London LondonSE1 9NH United Kingdom Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland University of Basel Basel Switzerland Laboratoire d' Aérologie CNRS-Université de Toulouse Toulouse31400 France Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie University HalifaxNSB3H 4R2 Canada Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics CambridgeMA02138 United States Multiphase Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz55128 Germany Economics Brigham Young University ProvoUT84602 United States Ea

Air pollution contributes to the premature deaths of millions of people each year around the world, and air quality problems are growing in many developing nations. While past policy efforts have succeeded in reducing particulate matter and trace gases in North America and Europe, adverse health effects are found at even these lower levels of air pollution. Future policy actions will benefit from improved understanding of the interactions and health effects of different chemical species and source categories. Achieving this new understanding requires air pollution scientists and engineers to work increasingly closely with health scientists. In particular, research is needed to better understand the chemical and physical properties of complex air pollutant mixtures, and to use new observations provided by satellites, advanced in situ measurement techniques, and distributed micro monitoring networks, coupled with models, to better characterize air pollution exposure for epidemiological and toxicological research, and to better quantify the effects of specific source sectors and mitigation strategies. © 2016 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Health

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26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 3 Antwerp, Belgium. 15-20 July 2017 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 95-176页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of Neuroscience Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA Department Physiology & Pharmacology SUNY Downstate Brooklyn NY 11203 USA NYU School of Engineering 6 MetroTech Center Brooklyn NY 11201 USA Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona 08028 Spain Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerrannée (INMED) INSERM UMR901 Aix-Marseille Univ Marseille France Center of Neural Science New York University New York NY USA Aix-Marseille Univ INSERM INS Inst Neurosci Syst Marseille France Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation CNRS UMR 8089 Université de Cergy-Pontoise 95300 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex France Department of Mathematics and Computer Science ENSAT Abdelmalek Essaadi’s University Tangier Morocco Laboratory of Natural Computation Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno 84084 Fisciano SA Italy Department of Medicine University of Salerno 84083 Lancusi SA Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi Aldo Moro Bari and INFN Sezione Di Bari Italy Data Analysis Department Ghent University Ghent Belgium Coma Science Group University of Liège Liège Belgium Cruces Hospital and Ikerbasque Research Center Bilbao Spain BIOtech Department of Industrial Engineering University of Trento and IRCS-PAT FBK 38010 Trento Italy Department of Data Analysis Ghent University Ghent 9000 Belgium The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging University College London London WC1N 3BG UK Department of Electronic Engineering NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Blue Brain Project École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Departement of Mathematics Swansea University Swansea Wales UK Laboratory for Topology and Neuroscience at the Brain Mind Institute École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Institute of Mathematics University of Aberdeen Aberdeen Scotland UK Department of Integrativ

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Sources and Characteristics of Fine Particles over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea Using Online Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer

Sources and Characteristics of Fine Particles over the Yello...

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北京论坛（2014）文明的和谐与共同繁荣——中国与世界：传统、现实与未来

作者： Huaiyu Fu Mei Zheng Caiqing Yan Xiaoying Li Huiwang Gao Xiaohong Yao Zhigang Guo Yuanhang Zhang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China

Marine aerosols over East China Seas are heavily polluted by continental sources. During the Chinese Comprehensive Ocean Experiment in November 2012, size and mass spectra of atmospheric individual particles in the size ranging from 0.2 to 2.0um were measured on board by single particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS). The average hourly particle number was around 4,560±3,240 in South Yellow Sea(SYS), 2,900±3,970 in North Yellow Sea(NYS), and 1,700±2,220 in Bohai Sea(BS). Particle number in NYS and BS varied greatly over 3 magnitudes from 80 to 19,800, while that in SYS showed a relatively even distribution. The size distributions were fitted with two log-normal modes. Accumulation mode was the dominant mode in NYS and BS especially during episodic periods. Coarse mode particles played an important role in SYS. Particles were classified using adaptive resonance theory based neural network algorithm(ART-2a). Six particle types were identified with secondary-containing, aged sea-salt, soot-like, biomass burning, fresh sea-salt, and lead-containing particles accounting for 32%, 21%, 18%, 16%, 4%, and 3% of total particle number, respectively. Aerosols in BS were relatively enriched in anthropogenic sources compared to SYS, probably due to emissions from moredeveloped upwind regions and indicating stronger influence of continental outflow on marine environment. Variation of source types depended mainly on the origin of transported air masses. This study examined rapid changes in particle number, size distribution and source types of fine particles in marine atmosphere. And it also demonstrated the effectiveness of high-time resolution source apportionment by ART-2a.

关键词： Source apportionment,Marine aerosol,Size and chemical composition,SPAMS,East China Sea

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Direct yaw-moment control through optimal control allocation method for light vehicle

Direct yaw-moment control through optimal control allocation...

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2nd International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, Modeling and simulation, CDMMS 2012

作者： Zhu, Bing Guo, Litong Zhao, Jian Gao, Fang Pan, Zhen Ren, Luquan State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China China FAW Group Corporation R and D Center Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037855409

This paper presents a Direct Yaw-moment control (DYC) strategy to prevent light vehicles from entering the unsteady state and improve the handling stability. A novelty of this work is the ability to achieve superior performance through the lower workload of the actuators by using the optimal control allocation method to distribute the active yaw moment. In the main-loop, the DYC controller is designed based on the classical PID algorithm with the yaw rate and sideslip angle feedback. simulation tests are carried out on the conditions of sine steering and single lane change steering. Results indicate that the working potential of each actuator can be fully utilized and a significant improvement in handling stability can be achieved from the DYC system. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Actuators

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