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Effects of internals on macroscopic fluid dynamics in a bubble column

Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第1期77卷 19-29页

作者： Shijie Liu Jin Liang Qin Li Hui Yu Haoliang Wang Xiangyang Li Chao Yang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The effects of internals on liquid mixing and gas-liquid mass transfer have rarely been investigated in bubble columns,and the commonly used measurement method overestimates significantly overall gas ***,gas holdup measurement method is improved by conducting multi-point liquid level measurement and using net fluid volume instead of bed volume to calculate gas ***,a stable conductivity method for liquid macromixing has been established by shielding large bubbles using#16nylon ***,the influences of internal coverage(=12.6%,18.9% and 25.1%) on macroscopic fluid dynamics in a bubble column with a free wall area are systematically *** is found that the presence of internals has a notable effect on macroscopic fluid *** overall gas holdup and gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient decrease,and the macromixing time decreases with the increase of internal cross-sectional area *** are mainly caused by the uneven distribution of airflow due to the low resistance in the free wall *** design makes maintenance easier,but in reality,the reactor performance has *** improvements will be made to the reactor performance based on such a configuration through flow guidance using baffles.

关键词： Bubble column Internals Macroscopic fluid dynamics Mixing Mass transfer

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Synergistic solvent extraction system of bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)dodecan-1-amine and dinonylnaphthalene for enhanced selective extraction of nickel and cobalt

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第1期77卷 10-18页

作者： Bharat Prasad Sharma Tianzhang Wang Yufeng Liang Jinping Xiong Liangrong Yang Zheng Li Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Simultaneous recovery of Ni and Co from Fe(Ⅲ)and AI is a critical challenge in hydrometallurgical *** solvent extraction systems often struggle with selectivity and effective performance in mixed metal ion ***,a new synergistic solvent extraction(SSX)system comprised of a novel pyridine analog,N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)dodecan-1-amine(BPMDA),and dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid(DNNSA)with tributyl phosphate as phase modifier is *** SSX system demonstrates high extraction performance achieving>90%for Ni and>97%for Co in a singlestage extraction process,with high *** optimal conditions,the selectivity sequence is observed as Co^(2+)(>97%)>Ni^(2+)(>90%)>Mn^(2+)(<20%)>Fe^(3+)(<10%)>Mg^(2+)(<5%)>Al^(3+)(<2%)>Ca^(2+)(<1%).Spectroscopic analysis evidences the preferential binding of BPMDA with Ni and Co in the presence of DNNSA,concurrently achieving a significant reduction in the co-extraction of Fe(Ⅲ)and *** selective complexation of Ni and Co using the SSX system offers a highly efficient and selective approach for their extraction,with promising potential for applications in recovery-based processes.

关键词： Nickel and cobalt extraction Synergistic solvent extraction DNNSA Pyridine Hydrometallurgy

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Exploring the role of cationic lipids in modulating immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy of mRNA-LNP

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Particuology 2025年第2期97卷 1-11页

作者： Yan Zhou Xiangfei Shan Renji Gu Yufei Xia Xiaonan Huang State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100081China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing10090China

The mRNA vaccines have become a transformative platform in medicine,with their success during the COVID-19 pandemic accelerating research in viral prevention and cancer *** nanoparticles(LNPs)enhance the stability and efficacy of mRNA vaccines,but achieving an optimal balance between innate immune activation and mRNA expression is crucial for their *** cationic lipids,although largely replaced by ionizable lipids due to concerns over excessive immunogenicity,have demonstrated potential in cancer immunotherapy by inducing strong immune *** this study,we investigated whether incorporating cationic lipids into mRNA-LNP formulations could enhance immunogenicity without requiring new lipid *** introduced varying proportions of cationic lipids into D-Lin-MC3-DMA and SM-102-based LNPs and evaluated their impact on innate immune activation,along with long-term humoral and cellular immune *** results showed that in MC3-based LNPs,cationic lipids significantly improved anti-tumor efficacy,though slightly diminished long-term humoral and cellular *** contrast,in SM-102-based LNPs,cationic lipids enhanced anti-tumor effects without negatively impacting long-term *** findings suggest that adding cationic lipid as an additional component allows for the fine-tuning of mRNA-LNP immunogenicity,expanding the potential applications of mRNA vaccines and simplifying LNP design.

关键词： Lipid nanoparticle mRNA vaccine Immunogenicity Cationic lipids Immune response

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Unlocking the Therapeutic Applicability of LNP-mRNA:Chemistry,Formulation,and Clinical Strategies

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Research 2025年第1期7卷 450-476页

作者： Xiaonan Huang Yishan Ma Guanghui Ma Yufei Xia Sinovac Biotech Ltd. BeijingPR China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPR China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPR China

Messenger RNA(mRNA)has emerged as an innovative therapeutic modality,offering promising avenues for the prevention and treatment of a variety of *** tremendous success of mRNA vaccines in effectively combatting coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)evidences the unlimited medical and therapeutic potential of mRNA *** challenges related to mRNA stability,immunogenicity,and precision targeting has been made possible by recent advancements in lipid nanoparticles(LNPs).This review summarizes state-of-the-art LNP-mRNA-based therapeutics,including their structure,material compositions,design guidelines,and screening ***,we highlight current preclinical and clinical trends in LNP-mRNA therapeutics in a broad range of treatments in ophthalmological conditions,cancer immunotherapy,gene editing,and rare-disease *** attention is given to the translation and evolution of LNP-mRNA vaccines into a broader spectrum of *** explore concerns in the aspects of inadequate extrahepatic targeting efficacy,elevated doses,safety concerns,and challenges of large-scale production *** discussion may offer insights and perspectives on near-and long-term clinical development prospects for LNP-mRNA therapeutics.

关键词： therapeutic applicability lipid nanoparticles lnps clinical strategies messenger rna mrna

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Numerical simulation of vortex breakdown in a cylindrical tank with rotating bottom and free surface using level set method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第1期77卷 293-300页

作者： Zepeng Zhao Qin Li Feng Ye Haoliang Wang Jianfeng Wang Hui Yu Xiangyang Li Chao Yang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

A cylindrical chamber with a rotating bottom holds significant potential for application in cell culture bioreactors due to its ability to generate more stable swirling *** order to control vortex breakdown within the chamber,this study first establishes a computational fluid dynamics simulation coupled with the level set *** by experimental results in literature,this method accurately simulates the position and shape of vortex breakdown,and also predicts the critical Reynolds numbers for the appearance and detachment of vortex breakdown bubbles from the ***,it precisely captures the gaseliquid interface and depicts the vortex breakdown phenomenon in the air above the liquid for the first ***,it predicts the impact of physical property of gaseliquid systems on vortex breakdown in response to significant changes in viscosity of microbial process systems.

关键词： Vortex breakdown Level set Microbial cultivation Micro-bioreactor

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Nucleic acid therapy for metabolic-related diseases

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第3期36卷 83-94页

作者： Jing Guo Zhi-Guo Lu Rui-Chen Zhao Bao-Ku Li Xin Zhang College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Metabolism is a general term for a series of ordered chemical reactions in an organism used to maintain life,mainly divided into anabolic and catabolic *** acid therapy can not only precisely up-regulate and down-regulate the expression of target genes but also correct mutated disease-causing genes,which demonstrates irreplaceable and outstanding advantages in the treatment of metabolismrelated diseases and has been applied to the clinical treatment of metabolism-related *** this review,we introduce the structures of several major nucleic acid drugs and the mechanism of nucleic acid ***,we describe the mechanisms of various biomolecular and tissue metabolisms and the etiology of metabolic disorders,classified according to metabolic *** analyze the signal pathways and potential targets affecting the metabolism of each substrate and describe the nucleic acid drugs applied to these targets and their delivery *** review aims to provide new ideas and targets for treating these diseases by investigating the role played by metabolism in developing diseases and providing guidance for the selection and design of nucleic acid drugs.

关键词： Metabolism-related diseases Signal pathways Target genes Nucleic acid therapy Delivery technologies

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Construction of Ni single-atom coordinated with doped N and S elements for mild hydrogenation of methyl acrylate to methyl propionate

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 217-224页

作者： Taolue Sun Chen Jian Gang Wang Hui Zhao Guoliang Zhang Zengxi Li Chunshan Li State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Huizhou Institute of Green Energy and Advanced Materials Huizhou 516081China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516081China

Although the nickel-based catalyst is able toexhibit comparative catalytic activity to noble metal formethyl acrylate hydrogenation,it requires strict reactioncondition,which can be improved by regulation ofcoordination *** this study,we constructed akind of Ni single-atom coordinated with N and S(Ni-NSC)through the pyrolysis of organic Ni-based precursors at600℃.The existence and fine structure of Ni single-atom were confirmed by the spherical electron microscopicobservation in combination with the X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)*** addition,the catalytichydrogenation assessment suggested that the as-prepared Ni-NSC catalyst exhibited higher activity and stability than theNi/NSC supported catalyst prepared by incipient wetness impregnation *** remarkable catalytic activity was dueto the high dispersion and density of Ni single-atom and weak adsorption energy of intermediates on these Ni sites.

关键词： methyl acrylate mild hydrogenation Ni single-atom coordination environment adsorption energy

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Progress in the design and performance evaluation of catalysts for low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cells

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Green Chemical engineering 2025年第1期6卷 54-67页

作者： Zhongbin Gong Hao Wang Chenhao Li Qinqin Sang Ying Xie Xiaosa Zhang Yanrong Liu College of Science Shenyang University of Chemical Technology CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Longzihu New Energy Laboratory Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial TechnologyHenan University School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ammonia, a hydrogen-rich and carbon-free energy carrier, possesses advantages such as high energy density and convenient liquefaction storage and serves as an optimal medium for hydrogen storage. Low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cells(DAFCs) represent a highly promising pathway for the efficient utilization of ammonia ***, the sluggish kinetics of the low-temperature ammonia oxidation reaction(AOR), requires high loading of platinum-group metals(PGMs) catalysts, and their poisoning significantly hampers the performance of DAFCs,thereby limiting their large-scale commercial application. Therefore, it is crucial to design efficient, cost-effective,and stable catalysts. In this work, a detailed review of recent research efforts aimed at elucidating the mechanism underlying the AOR is presented. Building on this knowledge base, progress in the design and synthesis of both PGM and PGM-free catalysts for the AOR is discussed, as well as membrane electrode assembly(MEA) preparation processes for DAFCs. Furthermore, the results of the performance evaluation of AOR catalysts in single-cell tests are summarized. Finally, based on our findings from this research area thus far, potential design strategies for AOR catalysts that can promote the rapid development of low temperatures DAFCs are proposed.

关键词： Low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cells Anti-poisoning ammonia oxidation catalysts Membrane electrode assembly Single-cell evaluation

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Structural characteristics and viscous behaviors of Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3) slags

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第5期32卷 1068-1078页

作者： Renze Xu Zhen Wang State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

The high-temperature properties of the Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3) basic slag had significant influences on steelmaking opera-tions and waste slag *** further clarify the structural characteristics and properties of Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3)slags,the struc-tures and viscosities of the slags were *** slag liquidus temperature was determined,which decreased from 1365 to 1287℃ after 4.16wt%-8.52wt%Al_(2)O_(3) was added to the slags and then increased to 1356℃ after 17.07wt%Al_(2)O_(3) was *** analysis indicated that increasing temperature depolymerized the structure of the 4.16wt%Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3) slag by decreasing the amount of complex AlO_(4) units and promoting the formation of simplified silicate *** addition of Al_(2)O_(3) to slags could promote the polymerization of the slag structure by increasing the quantities of complex AlO_(4) tetrahedral and complicated Si-O *** in the degree of structure polymerization showed similar trends at the same superheat degree and the same quenching temperature,and both samples could be used for analyzing the impact of Al_(2)O_(3) on slag ***,the viscous behavior of the present slag system was *** Al_(2)O_(3) content could increase slag viscosity,and the apparent activation energy increased from 132.13 to 174.83 kJ/mol as the content of Al_(2)O_(3)increased from 4.16wt%to 17.07wt%.

关键词： molten slag alumina structure viscosity spectroscopy

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Unveiling the CO2 electrocatalytic mechanism in ionic liquids via real-time AFM and voltammetry

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Chemical Communications 2025年第41期61卷 7498-7501页

作者： Li, Kaixuan Liu, Shuai Wang, Ting Mao, Bingwei Yan, Jiawei State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

In situ AFM has revealed CO2-induced morphological changes of ionic liquid (IL) nanomembranes, which correlate with the interaction with CO2. Voltammetry measurements on GC and Au electrodes suggest that in the ILs BMIPF6, BMIDCA and BMINO3, which have the same cation but different anions, the electrode material plays a dominant role in the electrochemical CO2 reduction, while the ILs exhibit a synergistic effect on CO2RR. The magnitude of the reaction current is primarily related to the viscosity of the ILs. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Liquid membrane electrodes

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