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Multi-site observation of large-scale eddies in the surface layer of the Loess Plateau

Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第4期66卷 871-881页

作者： Jinbei CHEN Xiaowen CHEN Wei JIA Ye YU Suping ZHAO Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Mechanical Engineering Department Pennsylvania State UniversityState College 16802USA

This article aims to build a theory of atmospheric boundary layer turbulence under complex conditions. To achieve this goal, we constructed a multi-site observation and analysis method of atmospheric turbulence based on related *** method first requires verification for the ergodicity of the full-scale observation of surface-layer turbulence, which proves that eddies within a scale of 60 min during a four-site observation can easily meet ergodicity. Meanwhile, by applying the second-order structure function for the horizontal wind speed turbulence of a single site and upstream and downstream points, we verified the ergodicity of the turbulence observation. Comparing the turbulence spectrum to the second-order structure function for the horizontal wind speed from the four-site observation, a relatively high accordance was observed, proving the reasonability of the multi-site observation. Moreover, compared to the single-site observation, the four-site observation can improve the estimation accuracy of the surface-layer turbulence spectrum and vertical turbulent flux. As a result, we can describe the threedimensional structure of turbulence more accurately and comprehensively by combining analytical data from single-site and four-site observations. In summary, the multi-site turbulence observation method shows that the horizontal and vertical wind turbulence of the Baimiao plateau has a typical structure of a turbulence spectrum with clear spectral gaps. The result is in accordance with the scale of the turbulence spectral gaps obtained from the 6 h data. The horizontal wind speed is under the influence of the terrain, so its spectrum of large-scale eddies has higher fluctuations, but its spectral gaps can still be clearly distinguished. Although the spectral gaps of the temperature spectrum are not distinguishable, they still have the same scale as the spectral gap of the vertical and horizontal turbulence spectrum. Moreover, the temperature spectrum poss

关键词： Larger-scale eddy Complex condition Ergodicity of turbulence observation Structure function Turbulence spectrum

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Effects of zinc on χ-Fe_(5)C_(2) for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to olefins:Insights from experimental and density function theory calculations

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2023年第2期54卷 206-214页

作者： Xianglin Liu Minjie Xu Chenxi Cao Zixu Yang Jing Xu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Maoming Branch R&D Institute SINOPECMaoming 525000China Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Production of light olefins from CO_(2), the primary greenhouse gases, is of great importance to mitigate the adverse effects of CO_(2) emission on environment and to supply the value-added products from nonpetroleum resource. However, development of robust catalyst with controllable selectivity and stability remains a challenge. Herein, we report that Zn-promoted Fe catalyst can boost the stable and selective production of light olefins from CO_(2). Specifically, the Zn-promoted Fe exhibits a highly stable activity and olefin selectivity over 200 h time-on-stream compared to the unpromoted Fe catalyst, primarily owing to the preservation of active χ-Fe_(5)C_(2) phase. Structural characterizations of the spent catalysts suggest that Zn substantially regulates the content of iron carbide on the surface and suppresses the reoxidation of bulk iron carbide during the reaction. DFT calculations confirm that adsorption of surface carbon atoms and graphene-like carbonaceous species are not thermochemically favored on Zn-promoted Fe catalyst. Carbon deposition by CAC coupling reactions of two surface carbon atoms and dehydrogenation of CH intermediate are also inhibited. Furthermore, the effects of Zn on antioxidation of iron carbide were also investigated. Zn favored the hydrogenation of surface adsorbed oxygen atoms to H_(2)O and the desorption of H_(2)O, which reduces the possibility of surface carbide being oxidized by the chemisorbed oxygen.

关键词： Reaction engineering χ-Fe_(5)C_(2) Zn promoter Carbon dioxide Hydrogenation Density function theory

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Biphasic (Lu,Gd)_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)-based transparent nanoceramic color converters for high-power white LED/LD lighting

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第12期12卷 2331-2344页

作者： Jie Fu Ying Zhang Shaowei Feng Mathieu Allix Cécile Genevois Emmanuel Veron Zhibiao Ma Wenlong Xu Linghan Bai Ruyu Fan Yafeng Yang Hui Wang Jianqiang Li School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CNRS CEMHTI UPR 3079Univ.OrléansOrléans 45071France University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Powder Metallurgy and Particulate Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Ce doped Lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(Ce:LuAG)transparent ceramics are considered as promising color converters for solid-state lighting because of their excellent luminous efficiency,high thermal quenching temperature,and good thermal ***,Ce:LuAG ceramics mainly emit green *** shortage of red light as well as the expensive price of Lu compounds are hindering their application for white *** this work,transparent(Lu,Gd)_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)–Al_(2)O_(3)(LuGAG–Al_(2)O_(3))nanoceramics with different replacing contents of Gd^(3+)(10%–50%)were successfully elaborated via a glass-crystallization *** obtained ceramics with full nanoscale grains are composed of the main LuGAG crystalline phase and secondary Al_(2)O_(3) phase,exhibiting eminent transparency of 81.0%@780 *** doping by Ce^(3+),the Ce:LuGAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics show a significant red shift(510 nm→550 nm)and make up for the deficiency of red light component in the emission *** Ce:LuAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics with 20%Gd^(3+)show high internal quantum efficiency(81.5%in internal quantum efficiency(IQE),96.7%of Ce:LuAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics)and good thermal stability(only 9%loss in IQE at 150℃).When combined with blue LED chips(10 W),0.3%Ce:LuGAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics with 20%Gd^(3+)successfully realize the high-quality warm white LED lighting with a color coordinate of(0.3566,0.435),a color temperature of 4347 K,CRI of 67.7,and a luminous efficiency of 175.8 lm·W^(−1).When the transparent 0.3%Ce:LuGAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics are excited by blue laser(5 W·mm^(−2)),the emission peak position redshifts from 517 to 570 nm,the emitted light exhibits a continuous change from green light to yellow light,and then to orange-yellow light,and the maximum luminous efficiency is up to 234.49 lm·W^(−1)(20%Gd^(3+)).Taking into account the high quantum efficiency,good thermal stability,and excellent and adjustable luminous properties,the transparent Ce:LuGAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics w

关键词： glass crystallization (Lu,Gd)_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(LuGAG)-Al_(2)O_(3)nanoceramics high-power WLEDs/LDs white lighting

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Immune-regulating camouflaged nanoplatforms:A promising strategy to improve cancer nano-immunotherapy

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 1-19页

作者： Biao-Qi Chen Yi Zhao Yang Zhang Yu-Jing Pan Hong-Ying Xia Ranjith Kumar Kankala Shi-Bin Wang Gang Liu Ai-Zheng Chen Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical TechnologyHuaqiao UniversityXiamen361021PR China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics&Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen361102PR China

Although nano-immunotherapy has advanced dramatically in recent times,there remain two significant hurdles related to immune systems in cancer treatment,such as(namely)inevitable immune elimination of nanoplat-forms and severely immunosuppressive microenvironment with low immunogenicity,hampering the perfor-mance of *** address these issues,several immune-regulating camouflaged nanocomposites have emerged as prevailing strategies due to their unique characteristics and specific *** this review,we emphasize the composition,performances,and mechanisms of various immune-regulating camouflaged nano-platforms,including polymer-coated,cell membrane-camouflaged,and exosome-based nanoplatforms to evade the immune clearance of nanoplatforms or upregulate the immune function against the ***,we discuss the applications of these immune-regulating camouflaged nanoplatforms in directly boosting cancer immunotherapy and some immunogenic cell death-inducing immunotherapeutic modalities,such as chemo-therapy,photothermal therapy,and reactive oxygen species-mediated immunotherapies,highlighting the cur-rent progress and recent ***,we conclude the article with interesting perspectives,suggesting future tendencies of these innovative camouflaged constructs towards their translation pipeline.

关键词： Biological camouflage Immunogenic cell death Prolonged blood circulation Immune-regulating Nanovaccine

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Balancing electron transfer and intermediate adsorption ability of metallic Ni-Fe-RE-P bifunctional catalysts via 4f-2p-3d electron interaction for enhanced water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 458-465页

作者： Hong-Rui Zhao Cheng-Zong Yuan Chenliang Zhou Wenkai Zhao Lunliang Zhang Cong-Hui Li Lei Xin Fuling Wu Shufeng Ye Xiaomeng Zhang Yunfa Chen School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina Jiangxi Province Research Institute of Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation AcademyChinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341119JiangxiChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Balancing electron transfer and intermediate adsorption ability of bifunctional catalysts via tailoring electronic structures is crucial for green hydrogen production,while it still remains challenging due to lacking efficient ***,one efficient and universal strategy is developed to greatly regulate electronic structures of the metallic Ni-Fe-P catalysts via in-situ introducing the rare earth(RE)atoms(Ni-Fe-RE-P,RE=La,Ce,Pr,and Nd).Accordingly,the as-prepared optimal Ni-Fe-Ce-P/CC self-supported bifunctional electrodes exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity and excellent stability with the low overpotentials of 247 and 331 mV at 100 mA cm^(-2) for HER and OER,*** the assembled electrolyzer,the Ni-Fe-Ce-P/CC as bifunctional electrodes displayed low operation potential of 1.49 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),and the catalytic performance can be maintained for 100 *** results combined with density functional theory(DFT)calculation reveal that Ce doping leads to electron decentralization and crystal structure distortion,which can tailor the band structures and d-band center of Ni-Fe-P,further increasing conductivity and optimizing intermediate adsorption *** work not only proposes a valuable strategy to regulate the electron transfer and intermediate adsorption of electrocatalysts via RE atoms doping,but also provides a deep under-standing of regulation mechanism of metallic electrocatalysts for enhanced water splitting.

关键词： RE atoms Electron transfer Adsorption energy Oxygen evolution Hydrogen evolution

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晶体石墨炔的最新研究进展与挑战

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Science China Materials 2024年第3期67卷 729-751页

作者：刘心康赵亚松杜江王丹 Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

石墨炔(GYs)是一种新型碳同素异形体,由sp和sp^(2)杂化碳原子组成.其中,石墨双炔(GDY)是目前研究和关注度最广泛的材料.其独特的sp杂化、均匀的孔隙和高度共轭的结构带来了优良的电子、光学和力学特性,其被广泛应用于电子器件、储能和... 详细信息

石墨炔(GYs)是一种新型碳同素异形体,由sp和sp^(2)杂化碳原子组成.其中,石墨双炔(GDY)是目前研究和关注度最广泛的材料.其独特的sp杂化、均匀的孔隙和高度共轭的结构带来了优良的电子、光学和力学特性,其被广泛应用于电子器件、储能和转换、催化、气体分离、海水淡化等领域.然而,GDY材料仍然面临着诸多挑战,包括高结晶GDY的合成和快速无损的表征方法.本文就高结晶度GDY的设计、合成和结构表征进行了综述.本文还描述了GDY在各个领域的应用,为高度均匀的单晶GDY材料带来新的机遇.

关键词： crystalline graphdiyne controlled synthesis energy conversion energy storage

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Review on electrochemical carbon dioxide capture and transformation with bipolar membranes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第8期34卷 114-129页

作者： Jinyun Xu Guoqiang Zhong Minjing Li Di Zhao Yu Sun Xudong Hu Jiefang Sun Xiaoyun Li Wenju Zhu Ming Li Ziqi Zhang Yu Zhang Liping Zhao Chunming Zheng Xiaohong Sun School of Chemical Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane ProcessesTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining TechnologyMinistry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food poisoning Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and ControlBeijing 100013China Advanced Materials Research Laboratory CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research and Design InstituteTianjin 300131China

Anthropogenic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission from the combustion of fossil fuels aggravates the global greenhouse *** implementation of CO_(2)capture and transformation technologies have recently received great attention for providing a pathway in dealing with global climate *** these technologies,electrochemical CO_(2)capture technology has attracted wide attention because of its environmental friendliness and flexible operating *** membranes(BPMs)are considered as one of the key components in electrochemical devices,especially for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction and electrodialysis *** create an alkaline environment for CO_(2)capture and a stable pH environment for electrocatalysis on a single *** key to CO_(2)capture in these devices is to understand the water dissociation mechanism occurring in BPMs,which could be used for optimizing the operating conditions for CO_(2)capture and *** this paper,the references and technologies of electrochemical CO_(2)capture based on BPMs are reviewed in detail,thus the challenges and opportunities are also discussed for the development of more efficient,sustainable and practical CO_(2)capture and transformation based on BPMs.

关键词： Bipolar membranes Carbon dioxide Electrochemical capture Transformation CO_(2)reduction Electrodialysis devices Water dissociation

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Unlocking the multi-electron transfer reaction in NASICON-type cathode materials

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Materials Futures 2023年第2期2卷 109-122页

作者： Yuan Liu Xiaohui Rong Fei Xie Yaxiang Lu Junmei Zhao Liquan Chen Yong-Sheng Hu Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Co.Ltd Liyang 213300People’s Republic of China Huairou Division Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400People’s Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

The growing concern about scarcity and large-scale applications of lithium resources has attracted efforts to realize cost-effective phosphate-based cathode materials for next-generation Na-ion batteries(NIBs).In previous work,a series of materials(such as Na_(4)Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)(P_(2)O_(7)),Na_(3)VCr(PO_(4))_(3),Na_(4)VMn(PO_(4))3,Na_(3)MnTi(PO_(4))_(3),Na_(3)MnZr(PO_(4))3,etc)with∼120 mAh g^(-1) specific capacity and high operating potential has been ***,the mass ratio of the total transition metal in the above compounds is only∼22 wt%,which means that one-electron transfer for each transition metal shows a limited capacity(the mass ratio of Fe is 35.4 wt%in LiFePO_(4)).Therefore,a multi-electron transfer reaction is necessary to catch up to or go beyond the electrochemical performance of LiFePO_(4).This review summarizes the reported NASICON-type and other phosphate-based cathode *** the basis of the aforementioned experimental results,we pinpoint the multi-electron behavior of transition metals and shed light on designing rules for developing high-capacity cathodes in NIBs.

关键词： NASICON Na-ion batteries cathode materials multi-electron transfer reactions

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Machine learning facilitated the modeling of plastics hydrothermal pretreatment toward constructing an on-ship marine litter-to-methanol plant

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2024年第10期18卷 105-117页

作者： Yi Cheng Qiong Pan Jie Li Nan Zhang Yang Yang Jiawei Wang Ningbo Gao Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUK Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUK Centre for Process Integration Department of Chemical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

An onboard facility shows promise in efficiently converting floating plastics into valuable products,such as methanol,negating the need for regional transport and land-based *** presents an effective means of processing plastics,requiring their transformation into gasification-compatible feedstock,such as *** study explores hydrochar composition modeling,utilizing advanced algorithms and rigorous analyses to unravel the intricacies of elemental composition ratios,identify influential factors,and optimize hydrochar production *** investigation begins with decision tree modeling,which successfully captures relationships but encounters overfitting ***,the decision tree vote analysis,particularly for the H/C ratio,yielding an impressive R2 of ***,the research delves into the economic feasibility of the marine plastics-to-methanol *** payback periods,driven by fluctuating methanol prices observed over a decade(ranging from 3.3 to 7 yr for hydrochar production plants),are *** factories emerge as resilient solutions,capitalizing on marine natural gas resources while striving for near-net-zero *** comprehensive study advances our understanding of hydrochar composition and offers insights into the economic potential of environmentally sustainable marine plastics-to-methanol processes.

关键词： marine plastics hydrothermal methanol machine learning technoeconomic assessment

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Extraction and characterization of bovine collagen Type V and its effects on cell behaviors

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 460-470页

作者： Jun Xu Xi Luo Yang Zhang Jianping Gao Ching-Cheng Huang Xinpeng Bai Guifeng Zhang College of Food Science and Engineering Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide ResourcesMinistry of EducationHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China PARSD Biomedical Material Research Center(Changzhou) Changzhou 213176China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringCASBeijing 100190China Department of Biomedical Engineering Ming-Chuan University32033 TaiwanChina

Collagen Type V(Col.V)plays an essential role in cell behaviors and has attracted increasing attention in recent *** Col.V is needed for evaluating its biological *** this research,the enzymatic hydrolysis process was combined with ultrafiltration to purify Col.V from the bovine *** purity of Col.V was determined to be above 90%by both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and high-performance liquid chromatography *** effect of Col.V on cell behaviors was *** circular dichroism spectroscopy results demonstrated that the extracted Col.V exhibited a complete triple helix ***-PAGE suggested that the molecular weight of Col.V was 440 *** self-assembly experiment revealed that the proportion of Col.V in the collagen mixture can affect the Col.I fiber *** cell culture results implied that Col.V can inhibit fibroblasts(L929)*** L929 showed maximum mobility when the addition of Col.V was 30%.Thus,Col.V has the effect of inhibiting L929 proliferation and promoting *** high-purity Col.V provides useful information for further understanding its biological implications.

关键词： collagen Type V bovine cornea fiber diameter cell migration

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