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Anomalous descent of intruders in vibrated gas-fluidized granular materials

Physical Review E 2025年第1期111卷 L013403-L013403页

作者： Oscar J. Punch Qiang Guo Maty Gueye Javad Omidi Michael W. Jordan Jagan Mohan Sanghishetty Christopher M. Boyce Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Chemical Engineering City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA

The descent of dense intruder disks through granular material fluidized by vertical gas flow and vibration is investigated experimentally and computationally. Single intruders descend with a velocity which oscillates based on distance above the bottom of the system, which simulations show is due to a spatially dependent void fraction in the granular material changing the effective drag force on the intruder. Two vertically aligned intruders undergo a drafting-kissing-tumbling analog which forms because the bottom intruder decelerates due to particle compaction from the weight of the top intruder.

关键词： Flow of gases

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Exfoliated metal oxide ultrathin nanosheets with supported Pd nanoparticles enabling the one-pot reaction of phenol into caprolactam

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第6期68卷 2636-2643页

作者： Xiaomeng Cheng Bingfeng Chen Lei Zhang Tianjiao Wang Sen Luan Yang Sun Huizhen Liu Buxing Han Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University

Two-dimensional（2D） oxide nanomaterials have great potential for various applications but face challenges due to strong interlayer interactions. In this work, we propose a novel and facile method to exfoliate layered transition metal oxides into ultrathin nanosheets functionalized with phosphate species by the combination of ball-milling and liquid-exfoliation with phosphoric acid. The resulting HNb Mo O6nanosheets with supported Pd nanoparticles displayed excellent catalytic performance in the one-pot conversion of phenol into caprolactam（CPL）, achieving a yield of up to 71.9%. This one-pot route avoids the energy-intensive intermediate separation process in conventional multi-step approaches to CPL. The superior catalytic performance of the catalysts is attributed to the tunable Br?nsted acid/Lewis acid ratio and readily accessible active sites on the ultrathin nanosheets. This research demonstrates a new methodology for constructing ultrathin nanosheets and preparing bifunctional catalysts for tandem reactions, which opens the way for one-pot production of CPL.

关键词： two-dimensional oxides ultrathin nanosheets bifunctional catalysts tandem reaction caprolactam

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Carbon nanofiber catalysts containing high-entropy metal phosphides with low-content Ru for highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

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Rare Metals 2025年第1期44卷 324-335页

作者： Peng Wang Jie Zheng Xue-Hao Li Wen-Bo Cui Jin-Hua Liu Yong Wan Jun Zhang Yusuke Yamauchi Zhong-Li Wang Mang Niu Yun-Ze Long Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Textile Materials College of PhysicsQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens and Technical Textiles Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens(SCEN)College of Textiles ClothingQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-textiles Institute of Biochemical EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology(AIBN) The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8603Japan Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

High-entropy metal phosphide(HEMP)has considerable potential as an electrocatalyst owing to its beneficial properties,including high-entropy alloy synergy as well as the controllable structure and high conductivity of ***,electrospinning and in situ phosphating were employed to prepare three-dimensional(3D)networks of self-supporting HEMP nanofibers with varying degrees of phosphate *** characterizations via X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,as well as density functional theory calculations,demonstrate that the introduction of phosphorus(P)atoms to HEMP carbon nanofibers mediates their electronic structure,leads to lattice expansion,which in turn enhances their catalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Moreover,the formation of metal-P bonds weakens metal-metal interaction and decreases the free energy of hydrogen adsorption,contributing to the exceptional activity observed in the HEMP *** measurements demonstrate that the HEMP-0.75 catalyst with an ultralow loading of 1.22 wt%ruthenium(Ru)exhibits the highest HER catalytic activity and stability in a 1 M KOH electrolyte,achieving a minimal overpotential of 26 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)and Tafel slope of 50.9 mV·dec^(-1).

关键词： High-entropy metal phosphide Electrospinning Hydrogen evolution reaction Self-supporting carbon nanofibers

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The use of a ternary metal sulfide loading on carbon fibers as the sulfur host for high performance low-temperature lithium sulfur batteries

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新型炭材料(中英文) 2025年第1期40卷 167-177页

作者： HE Xin ZUO Huai-yang XIAO Ru QU Zhuo-yan SUN Zhen-hua WANG Bao Li Feng School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The use of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries is limited by sulfur redox reactions involving multi-phase transformations,especially at *** address this issue,we report a material(FCNS@NCFs)consisting of nitrogen-doped carbon fibers loaded with a ternary metal sulf-ide((Fe,Co,Ni)_(9)S_(8))for use as the sulfur host in Li-S *** materi-al was prepared using transfer blot filter paper as the carbon precursor,thiourea as the source of nitrogen and sulfur,and FeCl_(3)·6H_(2)O,CoCl_(2)·6H_(2)O and NiCl_(2)·6H_(2)O as the metal ion *** was synthesized by an impreg-nation method followed by *** nitrogen doping significantly in-creased the conductivity of the host,and the metal sulfides have excellent catalytic *** calculations,and adsorption and deposition experiments show that active sites on the surface of FCNS@NCFs selectively adsorb polysulfides,facilitate rapid adsorption and conversion,prevent cathode passivation and inhib-it the polysulfide *** FCNS@NCFs used as the sulfur host has excellent electrochemical *** initial dis-charge capacity is 1639.0 mAh g^(−1) at 0.2 C and room temperature,and it remains a capacity of 1255.1 mAh g^(−1) after 100 ***−20~C,it has an initial discharge capacity of 1578.5 mAh g^(−1) at 0.2 C,with a capacity of 867.5 mAh g^(−1) after 100 *** excellent performance at both ambient and low temperatures suggests a new way to produce high-performance low-temper-ature Li-S batteries.

关键词： Lithium sulfur batteries Low temperature Transition metal sulfides Sulfur conversion kinetics

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Kinetic study on the hydrogenation of dimethyl succinate to γ-butyrolactone

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RSC Advances 2025年第18期15卷 14307-14314页

作者： Du, Chengzhe Zhao, Chenghao Ma, Huixia Jiang, Rui Zhang, Huanling Zhou, Feng SINOPEC Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co. Ltd Dalian116100 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

The hydrogenation of dimethyl succinate (DMS) to γ-butyrolactone (GBL) is crucial in producing high-value chemicals for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and battery electrolytes. This study utilized a self-developed copper-based catalyst and a micro-fixed bed reactor to systematically investigate the effects of temperature, pressure, and the hydrogen-to-ester ratio on reaction performance. An intrinsic kinetic model was developed based on experimental data, with reaction rate constants and activation energies determined through standard regression techniques. The model correlated well with observed data, providing insights into reaction kinetics. Validation against experimental data indicated fair agreement across various conditions. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the model's robustness, making it useful for process optimization. This kinetic analysis offers insights to enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of industrial GBL production, aiming to improve overall process yield and efficiency. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Rate constants

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Promoting effect of d-band center and in-situ precipitation strategy on sulfur evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第5期104卷 740-748页

作者： Jun Pu Yun Tan Jiasen Yin Zihan Shen Shoujie Liu Kai Zhang Lei Zhou Yagang Yao Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of EducationAnhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002AnhuiChina National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093JiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601AnhuiChina School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven MB 5600the Netherlands

The slow conversion of polyphase in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries not only intensifies the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),but also causes the continuous accumulation of inactive sulfur species,resulting in rapid capacity attenuation and sluggish dynamic ***,the promoting effect of atomic interface stress on sulfur reaction was investigated via CoFe-CoFe_(2)O_(4)heterogeneous nanosheets with a cavity *** strain force induced by the in-situ precipitation of Co Fe bimetallic alloy in oxide matrix increased the d-band center,which was conducive to the interaction between catalyst and Li *** sulfur cathode based on this two-dimensional(2D)nanosheet design showed an extremely high capacity of 751 mAh g^(-1)at 4 *** with a sulfur loading of 5.55 mg cm^(-2),its area capacity was still as high as 7.15 mAh cm^(-2).Meanwhile,the enhanced stability greatly improved the practical potential of Li-S batteries.

关键词： 2D nanosheets In-situ precipitation Strain effect D-band center Li-S batteries

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Enhancement of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores leaching process with PQ-10 addition

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 180-190,I0007页

作者： Aoyang Sha Huifang Yang Zhengyan He Zhigao Xu Chenjie Wu Ming Wu Ru'an Chi Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission&Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials ScienceCollege of Resources and Environmental ScienceSouth-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan430074China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education School of Resources&Safety EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China

To solve the problems of the long development period,low mass transfer efficiency and high impurity conte nt in the in-situ leaching process of weathe red crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WCE-DREO),cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose(PQ-10)was composited with conventional leaching agent ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4))to form a novel composite leaching *** effects of PQ-10 concentration,leaching temperature and leaching flow rate of the composite leaching agent on the leaching kinetics and mass transfer processes of rare earth(RE)and aluminum(Al)were *** to the single leaching agent(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),the composite leaching agent(2 wt%(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)+0.02 wt%PQ-10)can reduce the RE leaching equilibrium time from 465 to 130 min and increase the RE leaching efficiency and decrease the Al leaching *** also facilitates the leaching process of WCE-DREO by increasing the peak concentrations of RE and Al,reducing the theoretical tower plate height(HETP)and improving the leaching mass transfer *** is indicated that PQ-10 can promote the leaching of *** leaching process of the composite leaching system conforms to the diffusion kinetic control *** the PQ-10 concentration is in the range of 0.005 wt%-0.020 wt%,the reaction orders of RE and Al are 0.73 and 0.54,respectively,which shows a positive effect on the leaching velocity;when the PQ-10 concentration is in the range of 0.030 wt%-0.060 wt%,the reaction orders of RE and Al are-1.16 and-0.75,respectively,which show a negative effect on the leaching *** the range of 10-50℃,the apparent activation energies of RE and Al are 15.02 and 17.31 kJ/mol,respectively,and the higher the leaching temperature,the smaller the HETP and the higher the leaching velocity and mass transfer *** increase in leaching flow rate contributes to the increase in the longitudinal diffusion velocity of the leaching agent within WCE-DREO,causing a shorter time for RE

关键词： Cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earthores Leaching Novel compositeagent

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Liquid bridge morphology and capillary bridge force between particles: Insights from experiment and numerical simulation

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Chemical engineering Science 2025年 313卷

作者： Gong, Xiangyang Yang, Lei Liao, Xudong Cheng, Jingcai Yang, Chao State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

The formation of liquid bridge morphology is dominated by three key parameters, namely liquid volume, separation distance, and wettability, which synergistically modulate capillary bridge force. To unravel the underlying mechanisms, we performed experimental and computational studies using water and ethylene glycol across liquid volumes (0.2–10 μL) and separation distances (0–2.5 mm). Our results indicate that liquid bridge morphology deviates from "concave" and transitions into "column" or "convex" for small separation distance (S* 0.1). This morphological evolution introduces significant apparent contact angle variations. A nonlinear regression model was proposed to correct the apparent contact angle θ by geometric parameters of liquid bridge. This correction enhances the consistency between Surface Evolver simulations, theoretical predictions, and experimental data, achieving agreement within 10 % error. Finally, a regime map was constructed to classify liquid bridge morphologies based on S* and V*, providing a practical guide for selecting appropriate capillary force calculation. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Topology

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Structure deformation of Ni-Fe-Se enables efficient oxygen evolution via RE atoms doping

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Rare Metals 2025年第1期44卷 336-348页

作者： Hong-Rui Zhao Cheng-Zong Yuan Cong-Hui Li Wen-Kai Zhao Fu-Ling Wu Lei Xin Hong Yin Shu-Feng Ye Xiao-Meng Zhang Yun-Fa Chen Jiangxi Province Research Institute of Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation AcademyChinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou341119China School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and TechnologyYueyang414006China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

The development of cost-effective and highly stable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reactions holds paramount importance in practical hydrogen ***,we present a novel self-supported electrode comprising Ce-doped Ni-Fe-Se nanosheets grown on carbon cloth(Ni-Fe-Ce-Se/CC).This electrode was synthesized through a selenylation process,utilizing Ni-Fe-Ce-layered double hydroxide/carbon cloth(Ni-Fe-Ce LDH/CC)as the ***,Ni-Fe-Ce-Se/CC electrode demonstrates remarkable performance,requiring a low overpotential of 300 mV to attain a current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2)under harsh alkaline ***,the electrode exhibits exceptional stability during continuous operation for 100 *** into the underlying mechanisms was gained through a combination of experimental results and density functional theory *** findings reveal that Ce doping induces crystal structure deformation in Ni-Fe-Se and enhances electron enrichment around Ni *** structural modification optimizes the adsorption energy of oxygen-based intermediates on the Ni-Fe-Se *** work offers a valuable strategy for regulating the electron transfer and adsorption capabilities of transition metal selenide electrocatalysts through RE atoms doping,opening new avenues for enhanced electrocatalytic performance.

关键词： Ce doping Structure deformation Ni-Fe-Se Electron transfer Oxygen evolution

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Doublecarbohelicene:facile synthesis,chiroptical properties,isomerization study,and lasing application

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 233-240页

作者： Peipei Liu Yantong Li Meng-Xiang Wu Hao Kang Xiao-Li Zhao Lin Xu Linlin Liu Xiaodong Li Junfeng Fang Zhiwei Fang Ya Cheng Hai-Bo Yang Huakang Yu Xueliang Shi State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Physics and Electronic Science Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics&Advanced InstrumentMinistry of EducationEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials&Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials&DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Double carbohelicenes have attracted considerable attention due to their aesthetic structures,distinctπ-conjugation extension,inherent chirality,and intriguing optical and electronic ***,the concise de novo synthesis of a new double[5]carbohelicene 1 together with its chiroptical properties,isomerization process and lasing application is presented.1 was synthesized by a simple protocol involving the formation of a 6,6′-bipentacene as the key *** is worth noting that1 existed as two diastereomers 1-PP/MM and 1-PM,which were successfully isolated and unambiguously confirmed by Xray *** optical resolution of the racemic 1-PP/MM was successfully achieved by chiral-phase highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and 1-PP and 1-MM were characterized by circular ***,it was found that 1-PP/MM could be completely isomerized to 1-PM upon heating,and the detailed thermodynamics and kinetics of the isomerization process were systematically investigated.1-PM exhibited deep-red luminescence with emission maximum at 723 nm and fluorescence quantum yield as high as 32.95%.Consequently,we can showcase the lasing application of 1-PM by doping with epoxy resin to assemble a bottle microlaser spontaneously,which the lasing wavelength is 796.6 nm at a threshold of 0.8 m J cm^(-2).We believe that our studies,including the facile synthesis methodology,detailed isomerization studies,and lasing application,will shed some light on the design and synthesis of novel carbohelical systems with more functions.

关键词： double carbohelicene optical resolution organic laser isomerization X-ray diffraction

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