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Critical Metals Ga,Ge and In in the Global Pb-Zn Deposits:Current Understanding,Challenges and Perspectives

Journal of Earth Science 2023年第4期34卷 1308-1311页

作者： Yi Zheng Peng-Peng Yu Zhan-Ke Li Suo-Fei Xiong Ling-Li Zhou Jia-Xi Zhou ChangMing Wang Yu-Miao Meng Yu Zhang Ye-Jian Wang Jing Xu Yue Wu Lan-Xuan Guo Taiping Zhao Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geological Process and Mineral Resources Survey School of Earth Sciences and Geological EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Strategic Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam de Boelelaan 1085Amsterdam 1081HVNetherlands Key Laboratory of Critical Minerals Metallogeny in Universities of Yunnan Province School of Earth SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of ScienceGuiyang 550081China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring School of Geosciences and Info-PhysicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Zijin School of Geology and Mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and EnvironmentYangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemetal Co. LtdShenzhen 518000China Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

BACKGROUND A spectrum of strategically critical metals, such as gallium(Ga), germanium(Ge) and indium(In), with promising applications in green and high-tech fields, are produced as byproducts of zinc ores in a variet... 详细信息

关键词： magmatic hydrothermal porphyry

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Effects of rough walls on sheared annular centrifugal Rayleigh-Bénard convection

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xu, Fan Zhong, Jun Su, Jinghong Zhao, Bidan He, Yurong Sun, Chao Wang, Junwu School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Center for Combustion Energy Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China Department of Engineering Mechanics School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

In this study, we investigate the coupling effects of roughness and wall shear in an annular centrifugal Rayleigh-Bénard convection (ACRBC) system, where two cylinders rotate with different angular velocities. Two-dimensional direct numerical simulations are conducted within a Rayleigh number range of 106 ≤ Ra ≤ 108, and the non-dimensional angular velocity difference (Ω), representing wall shear, varied from 0 to 1. The Prandtl number is fixed at Pr = 4.3, the inverse Rossby number at Ro−1 = 20, and the radius ratio at η = 0.5. The interaction between wall shear and roughness leads to distinct heat transfer behavior in different regimes. In the buoyancy-dominant regime, an increase in the non-dimensional angular velocity difference (Ω) significantly enhances heat transfer. However, as Ω continues to rise, a sharp reduction in heat transfer is observed in the transitional regime. Beyond a critical value of Ω, the flow enters a shear-dominant regime, where heat transfer remains unchanged despite further increases in Ω. The underlying mechanisms behind these distinct heat transfer behaviors are then elucidated. The enhancement of heat transport in the buoyancy-dominant regime is attributed to the introduction of external shear by the rotating rough walls, which reinforces convection and secondary flows within the cavities. Additionally, these secondary flows improve the efficiency of transporting the trapped hot and cold fluids outside the cavities, further enhancing heat transfer. However, in the transitional regime, the number of convection rolls rapidly decreases with increasing shear, eventually reaching a point where sustaining them becomes challenging. Consequently, a sharp reduction in heat transfer occurs. In the shear-dominant regime, heat transfer is primarily governed by diffusion, leading to a constant heat transport rate. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Buoyancy

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PdSe_(2)/MoSe_(2) vertical heterojunction for self-powered photodetector with high performance

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2489-2496页

作者： Jiahong Zhong Biao Wu Yassine MADOUNE Yunpeng Wang Zongwen Liu Yanping Liu School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia The University of Sydney Nano Institute The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University A510aVirtual University BuildingSouthern DistrictHigh-tech Industrial ParkYuehai StreetNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518057China

Van der Waals’two-dimensional(2D)material heterostructure engineering offers an effective strategy for the design of multifunctional and high-performance optoelectronic ***,2D heterostructure photodetectors with a photoconductive effect tend to suffer from high driving source-drain voltages and significant dark noise ***,a self-powered photodetector with high performance was fabricated based on vertically stacked graphene/MoSe_(2)/PdSe_(2)/graphene heterojunctions through a dry transfer *** fabricated device displays current rectification characteristics in darkness(on/off ratio>10^(3))and superior photovoltaic behaviors under *** addition,benefitting from the strong built-in field,the Gr/PdSe_(2)/MoSe_(2)/Gr heterojunction photodetector is able to respond to a broad spectrum from visible to near-infrared(NIR)with a remarkable responsivity of 651 mA·W^(−1),a high specific detectivity of 5.29×10^(11) Jones and a fast response speed of 41.7/62.5μ***,an enhanced responsivity of 1.16 A·W^(−1) has been obtained by a reverse voltage(−1 V)and further evaluation on image recognition has also demonstrated the great application potential of the Gr/MoSe_(2)/PdSe_(2)/Gr heterojunction *** findings are expected to bring new opportunities for the development of highly sensitive,high-speed and energy-efficient photodetectors for comprehensive applications.

关键词： heterostructure MoSe_(2) PdSe_(2) self-powered photodetector high performance

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Heterostructured Coo/Mob Mbene Composites for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries Anode

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Shixin Gao, Yuzhe Yang, Zhanshu Zhou, Hui Ni, Desheng Li, Chuanbo Li, Qi Zhang, Xiaoming School of Science Minzu University of China Beijing100081 China Optoelectronics Research Center Minzu University of China Beijing100081 China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

SUMMARYThe transition metal oxide CoO has garnered significant attention as a potential anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), owing to its impressive theoretical specific capacity and high energy density. However, pristine CoO often suffer from structural collapse under high current densities, particularly during extended cycling, which results in decreased conductivity, volume expansion, and subsequent capacity fade. To address these challenges, we have developed a method to in-situ grow octahedral CoO nanoparticles on layered two-dimensional MoB MBene through a solvothermal approach. The strategic choice of ethanol as the dispersion solvent effectively mitigates surface oxidation of MoB MBene, thereby facilitating high-speed Li+ and electron transport channels. Furthermore, the matching layer spacing and the formation of a heterojunction between CoO and MoB MBene effectively accommodate the volume expansion of CoO during cycling. As anticipated, the CoO/MoB MBene anode demonstrates exceptional performance, with a specific capacity of 819.8 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 100 mA/g—a remarkable 2.58-fold improvement compared to pristine CoO. Even at a higher current density of 1000 mA/g, the composite maintains a capacity of 601.3 mAh/g after 600 charge-discharge cycles, while the pristine material only retains 142.4 mAh/g. This breakthrough is attributed to the combination of mild chemical scissor etching and solvothermal synthesis, which enables the design and preparation of high-capacitance energy storage materials for LIB anodes. Our findings suggest that the CoO/MoB MBene composite holds great promise for enhancing the performance of LIBs and may pave the way for the development of advanced anode materials. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Effects of imidazolium-based ionic liquids on the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria of methanol+dimethyl carbonate azeotropic systems

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2020年第3期28卷 766-776页

作者： Songsong Chen Li Dong Junping Zhang Weiguo Cheng Feng Huo Qian Su Wei Hua Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100090China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China SINOPEC Beijing Yanshan CompanyBeijing 102500China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023China

The separation of methanol(MeOH)and dimethyl carbonate(DMC)is important but difficult due to the formation of an azeotropic *** this work,isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE)data for the ternary systems containing different imidazolium–based ionic liquids(ILs),***+DMC+1-butyl-3-methy-limidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide([Bmim][Tf2N]),MeOH+DMC+1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide([Emim][Tf2N]),and MeOH+DMC+1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([Emim][PF6])were measured at 101.3 *** mole fraction of IL was varied from0.05 to *** experimental data were correlated with the NRTL and Wilson equations,*** results show that imidazolium-based ILs were beneficial to improve the relative volatility of MeOH to DMC,and[Bmim][Tf2 N]showed a much more excellent performance on the activity coefficient of *** interaction energies of system components were calculated using Gaussian program,and the effects of cation and anion on the separation coefficient of the azeotropic system were discussed.

关键词： Vapor liquid equilibria Ionic liquid Azeotrope Separation Interaction energy

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Tau truncation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1221-1232页

作者： Dandan Chu Xingyue Yang Jing Wang Yan Zhou Jin-Hua Gu Jin Miao Feng Wu Fei Liu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology ProductsCoinnovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Pharmacy Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Laboratory of Animal Center Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurochemistry Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research FloorNew York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandNYUSA

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks—the extracellularβ-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated Tau *** studies suggest that dysregulation of the microtubuleassociated protein Tau,especially specific proteolysis,could be a driving force for Alzheimer's disease *** physiologically promotes the assembly and stabilization of microtubules,whereas specific truncated fragments are sufficient to induce abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregate into toxic oligomers,resulting in them gaining prion-like *** addition,Tau truncations cause extensive impairments to neural and glial cell functions and animal cognition and behavior in a fragment-dependent *** review summarizes over 60 proteolytic cleavage sites and their corresponding truncated fragments,investigates the role of specific truncations in physiological and pathological states of Alzheimer's disease,and summarizes the latest applications of strategies targeting Tau fragments in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease cleavage site diagnosis marker neurofibrillary tangles phosphorylation Tau Tau aggregation therapy truncation

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Structural insights into mechanisms of Argonaute protein-associated NADase activation in bacterial immunity

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细胞研究（英文版） 2023年第9期33卷 699-711页

作者： Xiaoshen Wang Xuzichao Li Guimei Yu Lingling Zhang Chendi Zhang Yong Wang Fumeng Liao Yanan Wen Hang Yin Xiang Liu Yong Wei Zhuang Li Zengqin Deng Heng Zhang National key laboratory of blood science The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease(Ministry of Education)Haihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemTianjin Institute of ImmunologyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Center for Antiviral Research Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubeiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Frontiers Science Center for Cell ResponsesCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjinChina The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina.8Hubei Jiangxia LaboratoryWuhanHubeiChina Center for Antiviral Research Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubeiChina

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)is a central metabolite in cellular *** of NAD+has been demonstrated to be a prevalent theme in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic immune *** prokaryotic Argonaute proteins(Agos)are associated with NADase domain-containing proteins(TIR-APAZ or SIR2-APAZ)encoded in the same *** confer immunity against mobile genetic elements,such as bacteriophages and plasmids,by inducing NAD+depletion upon recognition of target nucleic ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of such prokaryotic NADase/Ago immune systems remain ***,we report multiple cryo-EM structures of NADase/Ago complexes from two distinct systems(TIR-APAZ/Ago and SIR2-APAZ/Ago).Target DNA binding triggers tetramerization of the TIR-APAZ/Ago complex by a cooperative self-assembly mechanism,while the heterodimeric SIR2-APAZ/Ago complex does not assemble into higher-order oligomers upon target DNA ***,the NADase activities of these two systems are unleashed via a similar closed-to-open transition of the catalytic pocket,albeit by different ***,a functionally conserved sensor loop is employed to inspect the guide RNA-target DNA base pairing and facilitate the conformational rearrangement of Ago proteins required for the activation of these two ***,our study reveals the mechanistic diversity and similarity of Ago protein-associated NADase systems in prokaryotic immune response.

关键词： Electron microscopy Molecular biology

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Improved thermal conductivity of styrene acrylic resin with carbon nanotubes, graphene and boron nitride hybrid fillers

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 190-196页

作者： Fuhua Jia Emmanuel Oluwaseyi Fagbohun Qianyu Wang Duoyin Zhu Jianling Zhang Bin Gong Yanbin Cui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Mechanical and Power Engineering Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

In the process of printing and copying,the volatilization of toner produces tiny particles and harmful gases that are detrimental to the human ***-temperature printing and copying can reduce harmful gas *** acrylic resin is the main component of toner and the thermal conductivity of toner can be improved by increasing the thermal conductivity of styrene acrylic *** this paper,hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN),carboxyl modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs-COOH)and graphene hybrid fillers were added into styrene acrylic resin to improve the thermal conductivity of resin composite by forming a connected thermal conductivity network in *** experimental result shows that the thermal conductivity of the h-BN/styrene acrylic resin composite increases with the increase in h-BN filler content(0-20wt%).When 20.0 wt%h-BN is added into styrene acrylic resin,the thermal conductivity is increased by 83.63%.Hybrid fillers(MWCNTs-COOH/graphene and 3.0 wt%h-BN)were added in styrene acrylic resin and the thermal conductivity of the composite is almost the same or higher than that of 20.0 wt%h-BN/styrene acrylic resin *** thermal conductivity of styrene acrylic resin composites improved by 69.57%and 87.14%via adding 1.5wt%CNTs-3 wt%h-BN and 1.0wt%graphene-3 wt%***-COOH or graphene can bridge isolated h-BN aggregates to form a thermally conductive network in styrene acrylic resin,while the addition of graphene improves the thermal conductivity of resin composite higher than that of MWCNTs-COOH.

关键词： Styrene acrylic resin Boron nitride Carbon nanotubes Graphene Thermal conductivity

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Nucleolus localization of SpyCas9 affects its stability and interferes with host protein translation in mammalian cells

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第3期9卷 731-740页

作者： Renke Tan Wenhao Du Yiyang Liu Xiaoji Cong Meirong Bai Chenxiao Jiang Zengxia Li Minjia Tan Dengke K.Ma Qiang Huang Wei Jiang Yongjun Dang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine the Ministry of EducationDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032PR China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200043PR China Drug Discovery and Design Center State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203PR China Cardiovascular Research Institute University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94158USA

The CRISPR/Cas9 system,originally derived from the prokaryotic adaptive immune system,has been developed as efficient genome editing *** enables precise gene manipulation on chromosomal DNA through the specific binding of programmable sgRNA to target DNA,and the Cas9 protein,which has endonuclease activity,will cut a double strand break at specific ***,Cas9 is a foreign protein in mammalian cells,and the potential risks associated with its introduction into mammalian cells are not fully *** this study,we performed pull-down and mass spectrometry(MS)analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9(SpyCas9)interacting proteins in HEK293T cells and showed that the majority of Cas9-associated proteins identified by MS were localized in the ***,we further discovered that the Cas9 protein contains a sequence encoding a nucleolus detention signal(NoDS).Compared with wild-type(WT)Cas9,NoDS-mutated variants of Cas9(mCas9)are less stable,although their gene editing activity is minimally *** of WT Cas9,but not mCas9,causes general effects on transcription and protein translation in the host ***,identification of NoDS in Cas9 will improve the understanding of Cas9's biological function in vivo,and the removal of NoDS in Cas9 may enhance its safety for future clinical use.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Gene editing Global transcription Nucleolus detention signal Translation

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Coordinated Control of Fine-Particle and Ozone Pollution by the Substantial Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides

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engineering 2022年第8期8卷 13-16页

作者： Biwu Chu Yan Ding Xiang Gao Junhua Li Tingyu Zhu Yunbo Yu Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012China State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

*** In recent years,the air quality in China has improved *** many cities,however,the concentration of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))remains higher than the secondary-level national ambient air quality standard(NAAQS level-2,35μg·m^(-3),GB3095-2012[1])and much higher than the first-level NAAQS(15μg·m^(-3),GB3095-2012[1])and the World Health Organization(WHO)air quality guidelines(5μg·m^(-3)).

关键词： Pollution Ozone ambient

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