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Nitrogen and Oxygen Dual-Doped Carbon Catalysts Derived from Saccharides and Dicyandiamide for Electrocatalytic O2 Reduction to H2o2: Effect of Saccharide Type and Elucidation of Active Sites

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Liu, Yanan Wan, Kun Feng, Danning Yang, Zhaoli Pei, Yan Qiao, Minghua Li, Hexing Zong, Baoning Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai200438 China Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanghai Normal University Shanghai200234 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering Research Institute of Petroleum Processing SINOPEC Beijing100083 China

Electrocatalytic two-electron O2 reduction reaction (2e–-ORR) is an inexpensive, clean, and safe route for H2O2 production. The elucidation of the active site is essential for the rational design of efficient 2e–-ORR catalyst. Herein, nitrogen and oxygen dual-doped carbon electrocatalysts (p-SC-dicy) were synthesized using saccharides as the carbon sources, and dicyandiamide (dicy) as the precursor to the self-sacrificial template and the nitrogen source. At identical polymerization degree, α-glycosidic bond-linked saccharides gave rise to higher porosity and heteroatom doping levels than β-glycosidic bond-linked ones. In 2e–-ORR, the p-SC-dicy catalysts prepared from α-glycosidic bond-linked maltose and starch outperformed those from β-glycosidic bond-linked cellobiose and cellulose. Moreover, at identical glycosidic bond type, the catalytic activity is positively correlated with the polymerization degree for α-glycosidic bond-linked saccharides, while negatively for β-glycosidic bond-linked ones. Among them, p-st-dicy prepared from starch exhibited the best 2e–-ORR activity, selectivity, and stability. A combination of surface analysis, chemical titration of the oxygen- and the nitrogen-containing groups, with the latter being conducted for the first time, and density function theory (DFT) calculations identified that the carbon atom adjacent to the aldehyde group and the amino group is the most effective active site for 2e–-ORR. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titration

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Electrosynthesis of Nitriles from Nitrate and Aldehyde Via C≡N Bond Construction

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Xue, Cheng Jia, Shuaiqiang Jiao, Jiapeng Chen, Xiao Dong, Mengke Xia, Zhanghui Deng, Ting Cheng, Hailian Chen, Chunjun Wu, Haihong He, Mingyuan Han, Buxing Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Institute of Eco-Chongming 20 Cuiniao Road Chenjia Town Chongming District Shanghai202162 China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Thermodynamics Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction offers a promising approach to synthesizing valuable organic nitrogen compounds via C‒N coupling, serving as a pivotal solution to the pressing nitrate pollution issue. While significant progress has been made in electrosynthesizing C‒N and C=N compounds, the electrosynthesis of nitriles with C ≡ N bonds remains challenging, and has not been reported. Herein, we introduce a novel method for efficient synthesizing nitriles through electrocatalytic coupling of nitrate ions (NO3‒) with aldehydes under ambient conditions, employing ZnO/Sn/SnO2 as electrocatalyst. In situ spectroscopic characterization and theoretical calculations demonstrated that the adsorption and accumulation of *NH2OH and *RCHO on the catalyst plays a central role efficient reaction. The key C‒N bond-forming step is found to be the formation of hydroxylamine from nitrate reduction and its subsequent condensation with *RCHO. The C‒N coupling strategy can be applied to the synthesis of fatty nitrile and (hetero)aromatic nitrile compounds. This study opens the way for nitriles electrosynthesis from nitrogen wastes, which could contribute to utilization of nitrogen ***;Nitrate Reduction;C≡N Bond;Nitrile;Hydroxylamine © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrates

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Volatolomics in healthcare and its advanced detection technology

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Nano Research 2022年第9期15卷 8185-8213页

作者： Wenwen Hu Weiwei Wu Yingying Jian Hossam Haick Guangjian Zhang Yun Qian Miaomiao Yuan Mingshui Yao School of Aerospace Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 730107China Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors School of Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyXidian UniversityXi’an 730107China Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200002Israel Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061China Stomatology Hospital School of StomatologyZhejiang University School of MedicineClinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang ProvinceCancer Center of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310006China The Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518033China State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 310006China Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences Kyoto University Institute for Advanced StudyKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan

Various diseases increasingly challenge the health status and life quality of human *** emitted from patients has been considered as a potential family of markers,volatolomics,for diagnosis/*** are two fundamental issues of volatolomics in *** one hand,the solid relationship between the volatolome and specific diseases needs to be clarified and *** the other hand,effective methods should be explored for the precise detection of *** comprehensive review articles had been published in this ***,a timely and systematical summary and elaboration is still *** this review article,the research methodology of volatolomics in healthcare is critically considered and given out,at ***,the sets of volatolome according to specific diseases through different body sources and the analytical instruments for their identifications are systematically ***,the advanced electronic nose and photonic nose technologies for volatile organic compounds(VOCs)detection are well *** existed obstacles and future perspectives are deeply thought and *** article could give a good guidance to researchers in this interdisciplinary field,not only understanding the cutting-edge detection technologies for doctors(medicinal background),but also making reference to clarify the choice of aimed VOCs during the sensor research for chemists,materials scientists,electronics engineers,etc.

关键词： volatolomics electronic nose disease diagnosis sensor artificial olfaction volatile organic compounds

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Distributed Optimization by Network Flows with Spatio-Temporal Compression

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ren, Zihao Wang, Lei Yi, Xinlei Wang, Xi Yuan, Deming Yang, Tao Wu, Zhengguang Shi, Guodong State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University China School of Electrical Engineering Telecommunications University of New South Wales Sydney Australia School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology China State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University China Australian Centre for Robotics School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering The University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia

Several data compressors have been proposed in distributed optimization frameworks of network systems to reduce communication overhead in large-scale applications. In this paper, we demonstrate that effective information compression may occur over time or space during sequences of node communications in distributed algorithms, leading to the concept of spatio-temporal compressors. This abstraction classifies existing compressors as spatio-temporal compressors, with their effectiveness described by constructive stability criteria from nonlinear system theory. Subsequently, we apply these spatio-temporal compressors to standard continuous-time consensus flows and distributed prime-dual flows, establishing conditions ensuring convergence. Additionally, we introduce a novel observer-based distributed primal-dual continuous flow integrated with spatio-temporal compressors, which provides broader convergence conditions. These continuous flows achieve exponential convergence to the global optimum when the objective function is strongly convex and can be discretized using Euler approximations. Finally, numerical simulations illustrate the versatility of the proposed spatio-temporal compressors and verify the convergence of algorithms. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stability criteria

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Surface composition dominates the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 on ultrafine CuPd nanoalloys

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Carbon Energy 2020年第3期2卷 443-451页

作者： Dong Chen Yanlei Wang Danye Liu Hui Liu Cheng Qian Hongyan He Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Preciously tuning the surface composition of noble metal nanoparticles with the particle size of only 2 nm or less by alloying with other metals represents a powerful strategy to boost their electrocatalytic ***,the synthesis of ultrafine nanoalloys and tuning their surface composition remain *** this report,ultrafine CuPd nanoalloys with the particle size of ca.2 nm are synthesized based on the galvanic replacement reaction between presynthesized Cu nanoparticles and Pd2+precursors,and the tuning of their surface compositions is also achieved by changing the atom ratios of Cu/*** the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2,Cu5Pd5 nanoalloys show the CO Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 88%at−0.87 V,and the corresponding mass activity reaches 56 A/g that is much higher than those of Cu8Pd2 nanoalloys,Cu3Pd7 nanoalloys and most of previously reported *** functional theory uncovers that with the increase of Pd on the surface of the ultrafine CuPd nanoalloys,the adsorbed energy of both of intermediate COOH*and CO*to the Pd sites is *** Cu5Pd5 nanoalloys with the optimal surface composition better balance the adsorption of COOH*and desorption of CO*,achieving the highest selectivity and *** difficult liberation of absorbed CO*on the surface of Cu3Pd7 nanoalloys provides carbon source to favor the production of ethylene,endowing the Cu3Pd7 nanoalloys with the highest selectivity for ethylene among these ultrafine CuPd nanoalloys.

关键词： CO2 reduction CuPd nanoalloys density functional theory Faradaic efficiency noble metal nanoparticles

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Dairy Manure Fermentation at Hyperthermophilic Temperature Enabled Superior Activity of Thermostable Hydrolytic Enzymes Linked to Genus Caldicoprobacter

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Qiu, Yaojing Johnson, Zachary Gu, Xiangyu Bohutskyi, Pavlo Chen, Shulin Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University PullmanWA99164-6120 United States Biological Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99354 United States State Key laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Hyperthermophilic temperature is considered a viable approach to enhance biomass hydrolysis during anaerobic digestion. There is, however, a lack of sufficient research on thermostable extracellular enzymes and hyperthermophilic microbial communities. In this study, batch experiments under mesophilic, thermophilic, and hyperthermophilic conditions are used to examine the impact of temperature on community structure and extracellular enzyme activity toward protein and polysaccharides hydrolysis in dairy manure. Indeed, extracellular hydrolases present in manure fermentation broth at hyperthermophilic temperature displayed significantly higher activities compared to enzymes in mesophilic and thermophilic broth. Specifically, activities of hyperthermophilic enzymes were higher by about 22% for protease, 47% for exoglucanase, and 49% for β-glucosidase than mesophilic and thermophilic enzymes. Connections between hydrolytic function and microbial structure were assessed using the PICRUSt2 computational tool. Caldicoprobacter was identified as a key genus responsible for production of thermostable endoglucanases, β-glucosidases, and β-xylosidases enhancing hydrolysis and conversion of biomass under hyperthermophilic conditions. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrolysis

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Green Synthesis of Glabridin-Loaded Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Drug Delivery System: Characterization, Synergistic Antibacterial Efficacy, and pH-Dependent Drug Release Kinetics

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Applied Organometallic Chemistry 2025年第6期39卷

作者： Amur, Safdar Ali Khuhro, Quratulain Soomro, Najaf Ali Tariq, Muhammad Liang, Hao Thebo, Khalid Hussain Kazi, Mohsin College of Life Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China Institute of Biochemistry University of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

This study reports a green one-pot synthesis of glabridin-loaded Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (Glab@ZIF-8) drug delivery system (DDS) with exceptional drug loading encapsulation (DLE) of ≈ 98.7% and drug loading capacity (DLC) of 32%, surpassing values reported in previous ZIF-8-based DDS. Characterizations using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), UV–Visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed successful encapsulation of Glab within ZIF-8 while preserving its crystallinity. Glab@ZIF-8 exhibited a hexagonal morphology with increased particle size (138.6 ± 5.4 nm) and a higher zeta potential (+41.9 mV), suggesting enhanced colloidal stability and efficient drug entrapment. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated a total of 32.1% decomposition of Glab@ZIF-8 up to 644 °C. Antibacterial assays revealed that Glab@ZIF-8 exhibited superior activity against Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition zone: 26.2 ± 0.3 mm) and Escherichia coli (23.3 ± 0.2), comparable to that of ampicillin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to be 32.5 μg/100 μL. Furthermore, the time-kill studies confirmed a dose- and time-dependent antibacterial effects of Glab@ZIF-8. In vitro drug release studies showed strong pH- and temperature-responsive behavior, with a cumulative release of 93.7% ± 2.4% release at pH 5 (at 37°C) over 72 h. The Glab@ZIF-8 system thus combines high drug loading efficiency, excellent antibacterial activity, and tuneable release characteristics, highlighting its potential as a promising DDS for combating drug-resistant infections. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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Occurrence and Risk of Microplastics in Urban Drinking Water Systems: From Source Water to Tap Water

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Han, Ziwei Jiang, Jiali Ni, Xuan Xia, Jing Yan, Chicheng Cui, Changzheng State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in drinking water systems and their risk of releasing additives has caused widespread concern. In this study, micro-Raman spectrometer was used to track the entire transport process of MPs from the water source to the tap water, with concentrations ranging from 805 to 4960 items/L, and six kinds of MPs were detected. The removal efficiency of MPs at the drinking water treatment plant was 85.0 ± 5.2%. However, chlorination increased the proportion of polystyrene (PS) by 40.1 ± 5.3%. Chlorination increases the surface roughness and CI of PS, and promotes the release of hexabromocyclododecane (482.0 ng/g–2208.7 ng/g). The non-carcinogenic risk index of hexabromocyclododecane ingestion through drinking water remains well below 1 for residents. Complete water treatment processes significantly reduce the risks posed by MPs, achieving reductions of 54.3% in the pollution load index and 82.1% in the potential ecological risk index. The estimated daily intake of MPs ingested by residents through tap water ranges from 33.4–45.6 items/kg/d. This study investigates the fate and risk of MPs in a complete drinking water supply chain, which could help develop more effective MPs control measures and risk management strategies. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Using Coastal Reservoirs for a Sustainable Freshwater Supply: Feasibility Study in Ningbo, China

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Journal of Coastal Research 2023年第4期39卷 712-721页

作者： Liling Yang Chengcheng Wang Songda Zhang Hanbin Gu Kannapiran Thiruvenkataswamy Lin Cheng Pengzhi Lin Key Laboratory of Pearl River Estuarine Dynamics and Associated Process Regulation Ministry of Water Resources Guangzhou 510610 China Institute of Ocean Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China Ningbo Municipal Water Conservancy Bureau Ningbo 315016 China Department of Naval Architecture & Offshore Engineering AMET University Kanathur Chennai 603112 India Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Disaster and Protection Hohai University Nanjing 2010098 China Sichuan University College of Water Resource & Hydropower State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Chengdu 610065 China

Yang, L.; Wang, C.; Zhang, S.; Gu, H.; Thiruvenkataswamy, K.; Cheng, L., and Lin, P., 2023. Using coastal reservoirs for a sustainable freshwater supply: Feasibility study in Ningbo, China. Journal of Coastal Research, 39(4), 712–721. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN *** 2020, there was a very serious shortage of freshwater during the dry season in Ningbo, China. Aiming to solve this problem, methods to address the shortage by coastal reservoir development are proposed in this paper. According to the analysis of annual rainfall, extreme rainfall, total amount of freshwater resources, and water supply, Ningbo is not short of freshwater resources, but it is short of available freshwater. Based on the characteristics of river basins and landforms, the types of coastal reservoirs that could be built were analyzed. Results show that the northeastern plain area is suitable for construction of tidal flat reservoirs and river mouth reservoirs, and Xiangshan Port and Sanmenwan river basin are suitable for construction of river mouth reservoirs, estuarine reservoirs, and combined river reservoirs.

关键词： Coastal reservoir estuarine reservoir freshwater shortage river mouth reservoir tidal flat reservoir water resource.

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Joule Heating Effect on Quality Factor and Frequency Tuning of 2D MoS2 NEMS Resonators

Joule Heating Effect on Quality Factor and Frequency Tuning ...

引用

IEEE Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM)

作者： Shuai Yuan Zuheng Liu Pengcheng Zhang Rui Yang University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) Shanghai China Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering Micro and Nanosystems ETH Zürich Switzerland School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering SJTU Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration SJTU Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798331504168

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504175

This work mainly studies the frequency and quality factor $(Q)$ tuning effect and mechanism by Joule heating in twodimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide $\left(\text{MoS}_{2}\right)$ nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). We demonstrate decreased frequency and $Q$ with a larger drain voltage which contributes to stronger Joule heating. The measured tunability of Joule heating effect on $Q$ is approximately four times the tunability of gate voltage effect on $Q$ . The results provide insights for dissipation mechanisms in 2D NEMS resonators.

关键词： Heating systems Q-factor Voltage measurement Nanoelectromechanical systems Resonant frequency Logic gates Resonators Voltage control Molybdenum Tuning

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