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Effect of applied DC voltages and temperatures on space charge behaviour of multi-layer oil-paper insulation

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期183卷

作者： Chao Tang G Chen M Fu Rui-jin Liao The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology Chongqing University China School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton UK AVERA T&D Technology Centre Stafford UK

In this paper, space charge in a multi-layer oil-paper insulation system was investigated using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) technique. A series of measurements had been carried following subjection of the insulation system to different applied voltages and different temperatures. Charge behaviours in the insulation system were analyzed and the influence of temperature on charge dynamics was discussed. The test results shows that homocharge injection takes place under all the test conditions, the applied DC voltage mainly affects the amount of space charge, while the temperature has greater influence on the distribution and mobility of space charge inside oil-paper samples.

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Weak parametric failure equivalences and their congruence formats

Weak parametric failure equivalences and their congruence fo...

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Theory of Computing 2008 - 14th Computing: The Australasian Theory Symposium, CATS 2008

作者： Huang, Xiaowei Jiao, Li Lu, Weiming Academy of Mathematics and System Science Chinese Academy of Sciences China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9781920682583

Weak equivalences are important behavioral equivalences in the course of specifying and analyzing the reactive systems using process algebraic languages. In this paper, we propose a series of weak equivalences named weak parametric failure equivalences, which take two previously-known behavioral equivalences, i.e., the weak failure equivalence and the weak impossible future equivalence, as their special cases. More importantly, based on the idea of the structural operational semantics, a series of rule formats are further presented to congruence format for their corresponding weak parametric failure equivalences, i.e., a specific equivalence is further congruent in any languages satisfying its corresponding congruence format. This series of rule formats reflect the gradual changes in the weak parametric failure equivalences. We conclude that, when the weak parametric failure equivalences become coarser, their corresponding rule formats turn tighter. © 2008, Australian computer Society, Inc.

关键词： Semantics

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On capture power-aware test data compression for scan-based testing

On capture power-aware test data compression for scan-based ...

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2008 International Conference on computer-Aided Design, ICCAD

作者： Li, Jia Liu, Xiao Zhang, Yubin Hu, Yu Li, Xiaowei Xu, Qiang Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture ICT CAS Beijing China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Deptartment of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781424428205

Large test data volume and high test power are two of the major concerns for the industry when testing large integrated circuits. With given test cubes in scan-based testing, the "don't-care" bits can be exploited for test data compression and/or test power reduction. Prior work either targets only one of these two issues or considers to reduce test data volume and scan shift power together. In this paper, we propose a novel capture power-aware test compression scheme that is able to keep scan capture power under a safe limit with little loss in test compression ratio. Experimental results on benchmark circuits demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.

关键词： Power management

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A current shaping technique to lower phase noise in LC oscillators

A current shaping technique to lower phase noise in LC oscil...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and systems, ICECS 2008

作者： Chen, Jian Jonsson, Fredrik Olsson, Hakan Zheng, Li-Rong Zhou, Dian Electronic Computer and Software Systems Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Kista-164 40 Sweden State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421824

A novel LC-tank oscillator, where bias noise is decoupled and drain current is shaped in order to reduce phase noise, is presented. Active devices work in a class-C manner, the drain current is pulse shaped and peaks when the oscillator is insensitive to perturbations. Based on the ISF theory [1], this current shape can improve phase noise performance. Closed-form 1/f2 phase noise equations are derived and compared with those of the classic LC-tank oscillator with the same bias and LC-tank. Simulations agree with conclusions from the theory and show 5.5dB improvement in 1/f2 phase noise at 1-MHz offset. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Phase noise

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IFill: An Impact-Oriented X-Filling Method for Shift- and Capture-Power Reduction in At-Speed Scan-Based Testing 08

IFill: An Impact-Oriented X-Filling Method for Shift- and Ca...

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2008 Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE 2008), vol.3

作者： Jia LI Qiang XU Yu HU Xiaowei LI Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture ICT CAS Beijing China and Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture ICT CAS Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783981080131

In scan-based tests, power consumptions in both shift and capture phases may be significantly higher than that in normal mode, which threatens circuits' reliability during manufacturing test. In this paper, by analyzing the impact of X-bits on circuit switching activities, we present an X-filling technique that can decrease both shift- and capture-power to guarantees the reliability of scan tests, called iFill. Moreover, different from prior work on X-filling for shift-power reduction which can only reduce shift-in power, iFill is able to decrease power consumptions during both shift-in and shift-out. Experimental results on ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits show the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

关键词： scan-based testing power reduction Electric circuits Power (Psychology) Energy sources circuit switching scanning reduction

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Testing content addressable memories using instructions and march-like algorithms

Testing content addressable memories using instructions and ...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and systems, ICECS 2008

作者： Lin, Ma Yunji, Chen Menghao, Su Zichu, Qi Heng, Zhang Weiwu, Hu Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 2704-25 Beijing 100080 China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421824

CAM is widely used in microprocessors and SOC TLB modules. It gives great advantage for software development. And TLB operations become bottleneck of the microprocessor performance. The test cost of normal BIST approach of the CAM can not be ignored. The paper analyses the fault models of CAM and proposes an instruction suitable march-like algorithm. The algorithm requires 14N+2L operations, where N is the number of words of the CAM and L is the width of a word. The algorithm covers 100% targeted faults. Instruction-level test using the algorithm has not any test cost on area and performance. Moreover the algorithm can be used in BIST approaches and have less performance lost for microprocessors. The paper instances the algorithm in a MIPS compatible microprocessor and have good results. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： system-on-chip

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Location Consistency Model Revisited: Problem, Solution and Prospects

Location Consistency Model Revisited: Problem, Solution and ...

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IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT)

作者： Guoping Long Nan Yuan Dongrui Fan Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China

Location consistency (LC) is a weak memory consistency model which is defined entirely on partial order execution semantics of parallel programs. Compared with sequential consistency (SC), LC is scalable and provides ample theoretical parallelism. This makes LC an interesting memory model in the upcoming many-core parallel processing era. Previous work has pointed out that LC does not guarantee SC execution behavior for all data race free programs. In this paper, we compare the semantics of LC with PRAM consistency and memory coherence, and prove that LC is strictly weaker than PRAM consistency. For data race free programs, we prove that the semantics of LC is equivalent to memory coherence. In addition, by introducing memory ordering semantics into LC judiciously, we prove that the enhanced model is equivalent to SC for data race free programs. Finally, we discuss possible solutions for adding reasoning rules for LC-like weak memory models.

关键词： Coherence Phase change random access memory Distributed computing Parallel processing Programming profession Application software Laboratories Concurrent computing computer architecture Counting circuits

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An interconnect-aware power efficient cache coherence protocol for CMPs

An interconnect-aware power efficient cache coherence protoc...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Hongbo Zeng Jun Wang Ge Zhang Weiwu Hu Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China

The continuing shrinking of technology enables more and more processor cores to reside on a single chip. However, the power consumption and delay of global wires have presented a great challenge in designing future chip multiprocessors. With these overheads of wires properly accounted for, researchers have explored some efficient on- chip network designs in the domain of larger scale caches. While in the paper, we attempt to reduce the interconnect power consumption with a novel cache coherence protocol. Conventional coherence protocols are kept independent from underlying networks for flexibility reasons. But in CMPs, processor cores and the on-chip network are tightly integrated. Exposing features of interconnect networks to protocols will unveil some optimization opportunities for power reduction. Specifically, by utilizing the location information of cores on a chip, the coherence protocol we propose in this work chooses to response the requester with the data copy in the closest sharer of the desired cache line, other than fetching it from distant L2 cache banks. This mechanism reduces the hops cache lines must travel and eliminates the power that would have incurred on the corresponding not-traveled links. To get accurate and detailed power information of interconnects, we extract wire power parameters by physical level simulation (HSPICE) and obtain router power by synthesizing RTL with actual ASIC libraries. We conduct experiments on a 16-core CMP simulator with a group of SPLASH2 benchmarks. The results demonstrate that an average of 16.3% L2 cache accesses could be optimized, resulting in an average 9.3% power reduction of data links with 19.2% as the most. This mechanism also yields a performance speedup of 1.4%.

关键词： Protocols Energy consumption Wires Network-on-a-chip Power system interconnection Delay Large-scale systems Switches Acceleration Laboratories

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On reducing both shift and capture power for sean-based testing

On reducing both shift and capture power for sean-based test...

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2008 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-DAC

作者： Li, Jia Xu, Qiang Hu, Yu Li, Xiaowei Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture ICT Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Center for Intelligent System and Biomimetics Institute of Advanced Integration Technology CAS/CUHK Shenzhen 518067 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424419227

Power consumption in scan-based testing is a major concern nowadays. In this paper, we present a new X-filling technique to reduce both shift power and capture power during scan tests, namely LSC-filling. The basic idea is to use as few as possible X-bits to keep the capture power under the peak power limit of the circuit under test (CUT), while using the remaining X-bits to reduce the shift power to cut down the CUT's average power consumption during scan tests as much as possible. In addition, by carefully selecting the X-filling order, our X-filling technique is able to achieve lower capture power when compared to existing methods. Experimental results on ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. ©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Filling

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Research of the power frequency magnetic fields distribution around dry-type air-core reactor

Research of the power frequency magnetic fields distribution...

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2008 World Automation Congress, WAC 2008

作者： Yan, Zhang Quandi, Wang Bin, Li Yi, Zhao Qingsheng, Liu Refai, Hazem H. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Oklahoma Tulsa OK 74135 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781889335384

The strong magnetic fields generated by reactors, which not only interfere other electric equipments' regularly running, but also are potentially harmful to substation employees' health, are the main electromagnetic contamination in substations. In this paper, a mixed finite-element (FE) model for dry-type air-core reactor, which considers the effect of eddy current, is proposed for calculation of magnetic fields. According to the analysis of this model, 7 times of the air-core reactor group region is suitable for calculation region. Based on this model, the magnetic fields distribution of equilateral triangle arranged 35kV reactor group in 500kV substation is calculated. The comparison between calculation results and measured values shows that the mixed FE model may accurately assess the magnetic field distribution around air-core reactors and provide theoretical basis for installation of air-core reactors for power department. Besides, based on the magnetic field distribution around air-core reactors, an early-warning mechanism can be established, which can provide safeguard for other electronic equipments running and the substation employees working.

关键词： Finite element method

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