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Large-scale fossil records analysis reveals prehistoric extinction mechanisms of woolly rhinoceros (Coelodonta antiquitatis)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第6期19卷 1233-1235页

作者： Xiaoling LIANG Weimin KUANG State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

Climate oscillations during the Middle-Late Pleistocene profoundly affected the population fluctuations and extinctions of megafauna,such as mammoths,woolly rhinoceroses,bison,Przewalski’s horses,cave bears,giant deer,and spotted hyenas(Kahlke 2014).The woolly rhinoceros(Coelodonta antiquitatis),as one representative species of typical cold-adapted megafauna,had a historical distribution and underwent extinction processes closely linked to climate *** the woolly rhinoceros’s geographical distribution and demographic dynamics helps us understand megafauna’s adaptation and extinction processes under environmental *** provides an essential model for reconstructing prehistoric ecosystems and exploring evolutionary *** woolly rhinoceros inhabited the cold and sparsely snowy steppe *** evidence suggested the woolly rhinoceros populations were widely distributed across northern Eurasia during the Last Glacial period.

关键词： extinction Middle analysis

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Evolution and conservation genetics of pangolins

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 426-441页

作者： Tongtong GU Jingyang HU Li YU State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

Pangolins(Pholidota,Manidae)are classified as an evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered mammal due to their unique morphology(nail-like scales and a myrmecophagous diet)and being the victim of heavy poaching and worldwide *** such,pangolins serve as a textbook example for studying the special phenotypic evolutionary adaptations and conservation genetics of an endangered *** years have demonstrated significant advancements in the fields of molecular genetics and genomics,which have translated to a series of important research achievements and breakthroughs concerning the evolution and conservation genetics of *** review comprehensively presents the hitherto advances in phylogeny,adaptive evolution,conservation genetics,and conservation genomics that are related to pangolins,which will provide an ample understanding of their diversity,molecular adaptation mechanisms,and evolutionary *** addition,we highlight the priority of investigating species/population diversity among pangolins and suggest several avenues of research that are highly relevant for future pangolin conservation.

关键词： adaptive evolution conservation genetics conservation genomics pangolins phylogeny

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Approaches to tracing the geographic origin of wildlife trade

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National Science Review 2024年第9期11卷 121-125页

作者： Tong Tong Gu Hao Zhang Yu Xin He Jing Yang Hu Li Yu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Southwest United Graduate School

Trade in wildlife is the third largest global illegitimate business after arms and drugs[1]. It presents a significant threat to biodiversity, increasing the risk of species extinctions [2]. Tracing the origins of illegal wildlife trafficking has become a conservation priority. An increasing number of various technologies has been developed to identify illegally traded species and determine the origin of confiscated wild animals and their products, thereby assisting law enforcement agencies in tracing the sources of the trafficking. Here,

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Opportunities and challenges in studies of mammalian hybrid speciation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 614-617页

作者： Hong Wu Yuxing Zhang Li Yu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Revealing the mechanisms of speciation remains one of the most attractive and challenging issues in the field of evolutionary biology, and is also key to understanding the biodiversity present in nature.

关键词： biodiversity attractive evolutionary

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Nematode-induced trap formation regulated by the histone H3K4 methyltransferase AoSET1 in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 2663-2679页

作者： Qiao Miao Zhengqi Wang Ziyu Yin Xiaoying Liu Ran Li Ke-Qin Zhang Juan Li State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

The methylation of lysine 4 of histone H3(H3K4),catalyzed by the histone methyltransferase KMT2/SET1,has been functionally identified in many pathogenic fungi but remains unexplored in nematode-trapping fungi(NTFs).Here,we report a regulatory mechanism of an H3K4-specific SET1 orthologue,AoSET1,in the typical nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys *** the fungus is induced by the nematode,the expression of AoSET1 is *** of AoSet1 led to the abolishment of ***,the yield of traps and conidia ofΔAoSet1 was significantly lower than that of the WT strain,and the growth rate and pathogenicity were also ***,H3K4 trimethylation was enriched mainly in the promoter of two bZip transcription factor genes(AobZip129 and AobZip350)and ultimately up-regulated the expression level of these two transcription factor *** theΔAoSet1 and AoH3K4A strains,the H3^(K4)me modification level was significantly decreased at the promoter of transcription factor genes AobZip129 and *** results suggest that AoSET1-mediated H3KEme serves as an epigenetic marker of the promoter region of the targeted transcription factor ***,we found that AobZip129 negatively regulates the formation of adhesive networks and the pathogenicity of downstream AoPABP1 and *** findings confirm that the epigenetic regulatory mechanism plays a pivotal role in regulating trap formation and pathogenesis in NTFs,and provide novel insights into the mechanisms of interaction between NTFs and nematodes.

关键词： Arthrobotrys oligospora trap formation epigenetic regulatory histone modification pathogenicity

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One stone three birds:Ni-catalyzed asymmetric allenylic substitution of allenic ethers,hydroalkylation of 1,3-enynes and double alkylation of enynyl ethers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 282-287页

作者： Zhirong Yang Shan Wang Ming Jiang Gengchen Li Long Li Fangzhi Peng Zhihui Shao Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Science and TechnologyYunnan Provincial Center for Research&Development of Natural Productsand State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

The development of low-cost,earth-abundant and environmentally benign transition metal catalysts,which can catalyze multiple different types of asymmetric reactions,is an important objective in mod-ern asymmetric *** we demonstrate that a chiral Ni/P-Phos catalyst achieves three types of asymmetric reactions:allenylic substitution of racemic allenic ethers,1,4-hydroalkylation of prochiral 1,3-enynes and double alkylation of newly designed enynyl ether *** methods complement each other and produce various axially chiral allene derivatives bearing a pyrazolidine-3,5-dione unit,which is widely present in drugs and biologically active molecules with versatile pharmacological activities.

关键词： Nickel Asymmetric catalysis Allenylic substitution Hydroalkylation Double alkylation Allene 1,3-Enyne Pyrazolidine-3,5-dione

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Exploring lysosomal biology: current approaches and methods

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biophysics Reports 2024年第2期10卷 111-120页

作者： Qiuyuan Yin Chonglin Yang State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan and Center for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Southwest United Graduate School

Lysosomes are the degradation centers and signaling hubs in the cell. Lysosomes undergo adaptation to maintain cell homeostasis in response to a wide variety of cues. Dysfunction of lysosomes leads to aging and severe diseases including lysosomal storage diseases(LSDs), neurodegenerative disorders,and cancer. To understand the complexity of lysosome biology, many research approaches and tools have been developed to investigate lysosomal functions and regulatory mechanisms in diverse experimental systems. This review summarizes the current approaches and tools adopted for studying lysosomes, and aims to provide a methodological overview of lysosomal research and related fields.

关键词： Lysosome Method Mice C. elegans Cultured cell

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biosynthetic pathway of prescription cucurbitacin IIa and high-level production of key triterpenoid intermediates in engineered yeast and tobacco

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 154-172页

作者： Geng Chen Zhaokuan Guo Yanyu Shu Yan Zhao Lei Qiu Shaofeng Duan Yuan Lin Simei He Xiaobo Li Xiaolin Feng Guisheng Xiang Bo Nian Yina Wang Zhiyuan Li Chongkang Yang Yang Shi Yingchun Lu Guanze Liu Shengchao Yang Guanghui Zhang Bing Hao State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan ProvinceNational&Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation&Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest ChinaYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory KunmingYunnan 650106China

Cucurbitacin IIa is a triterpenoid isolated exclusively from Hemsleya plants and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that functions as the main ingredient of prescription Hemslecin capsules and tablets in *** biology provides new strategies for production of such valuable cucurbitacins at a large scale;however,the biosynthetic pathway of cucurbitacin IIa has been unknown,and the heterologous production of cucurbitacins in galactose medium has been expensive and low *** this study,we characterized the functions of genes encoding two squalene epoxidases(HcSE1-2),six oxidosqualene cyclases(HcOSC1-6),two CYP450s(HcCYP87D20 and HcCYP81Q59),and an acyltransferase(HcAT1)in cucurbitacin IIa biosynthesis by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Nicotiana *** achieved high-level production of the key cucurbitacin precursor 11-carbonyl-20b-hydroxy-Cuol from glucose in yeast via modular engineering of the mevalonate pathway and optimization of P450 expression *** resulting yields of 46.41 mg/l 11-carbonyl-20b-hydroxy-Cuol and 126.47 mg/l total cucurbitacin triterpenoids in shake flasks are the highest yields yet reported from engineered ***,production of 11-carbonyl-20b-hydroxy-Cuol by transient gene expression in tobacco resulted in yields of 1.28 mg/g dry weight in *** work reveals the key genes involved in biosynthesis of prescription cucurbitacin IIa and demonstrates that engineered yeast cultivated with glucose can produce high yields of key triterpenoid *** describe a low-cost and highly efficient platform for rapid screening of candidate genes and high-yield production of pharmacological triterpenoids.

关键词： cucurbitacin IIa oxidosqualene cyclase OSC 11-carbonyl-20b-hydroxy-Cuol Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nicotiana benthamiana Hemsleya chinensis

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WRKY transcription factors:Hubs for regulating plant growth and stress responses

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2025年第3期67卷 488-509页

作者： Lu Yang Siyu Fang Lei Liu Lirong Zhao Wanqin Chen Xia Li Zhiyu Xu Shidie Chen Houping Wang Diqiu Yu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming 650092China

As sessile organisms,plants must directly face various ***,plants have evolved a powerful stress resistance system and can adjust their growth and development strategies appropriately in different stressful environments to adapt to complex and ever-changing ***,prioritizing defensive responses can hinder growth;this is a crucial factor for plant survival but is detrimental to crop *** such,comprehending the impact of adverse environments on plant growth is not only a fundamental scientific inquiry but also imperative for the agricultural industry and for food *** traditional view that plant growth is hindered during defense due to resource allocation trade-offs is challenged by evidence that plants exhibit both robust growth and defensive capabilities through human *** findings suggest that the growth-defense trade-off is not only dictated by resource limitations but also influenced by intricate transcriptional regulatory ***,it is imperative to conduct thorough investigations on the central genes that govern plant resistance and growth in unfavorable *** studies have consistently highlighted the importance of WRKY transcription factors in orchestrating stress responses and plant-specific growth and development,underscoring the pivotal role of WRKYs in modulating plant growth under stressful ***,we review recent advances in understanding the dual roles of WRKYs in the regulation of plant stress resistance and growth across diverse stress *** information will be crucial for elucidating the intricate interplay between plant stress response and growth and may aid in identifying gene loci that could be utilized in future breeding programs to develop crops with enhanced stress resistance and productivity.

关键词： growth growth-defense trade-off stress response transcription factor WRKY

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AoATG5 plays pleiotropic roles in vegetative growth,cell nucleus development,conidiation,and virulence in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第2期65卷 412-425页

作者： Duanxu Zhou Yingmei Zhu Na Bai Le Yang Meihua Xie Jiangliu Yang Meichen Zhu Ke-Qin Zhang Jinkui Yang State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China School of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in eukaryotes,which is regulated by autophagy-related genes(ATGs).Arthrobotrys oligospora is a representative species of nematode-trapping(NT)fungi that can produce special traps for nematode *** elucidate the biological roles of autophagy in NT fungi,we characterized an orthologous Atg protein,AoAtg5,in *** found that AoATG5 deletion causes a significant reduction in vegetative growth and conidiation,and that the transcript levels of several sporulation-related genes were significantly downregulated during sporulation *** addition,the cell nuclei were significantly reduced in theΔAoATG5 mutant,and the transcripts of several genes involved in DNA bio-synthesis,repair,and ligation were significantly ***ΔAoATG5 mutants,the autophagic process was significantly impaired,and trap formation and nematocidal activity were significantly *** transcriptome analysis results showed that AoAtg5 is involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes,such as autophagy,nitrogen metabolism,DNA biosynthesis and repair,and vesicular *** summary,our results suggest that AoAtg5 is essential for autophagy and significantly contributes to vegetative growth,cell nucleus development,sporulation,trap formation,and pathogenicity in ***,thus providing a basis for future studies focusing on related mechanisms of autophagy in NT fungi.

关键词： Arthrobotrys oligospora autophagy-related gene AoATG5 phenotypic traits transcriptome analysis sporulation cell nucleus development

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