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Chemodiversity of soil dissolved organic matter affected by contrasting microplastics from different types of polymers

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第12期17卷 149-162页

作者： Hong Yu Beidou Xi Lingling Shi Wenbing Tan State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater PollutionChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

Chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter(DOM)is a crucial factor controlling soil nutrient availability,greenhouse gas emissions,and pollutant ***(MPs)are widespread pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems in many ***,the effects of MPs on DOM chemodiversity are not sufficiently understood,particularly under different types of *** UV-Vis spectroscopy,3D fluorescence spectroscopy,and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry,the effects of three prevalent MPs[polyethylene,polystyrene,and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)]on the chemical properties and composition of soil DOM were investigated via a 310-d soil incubation *** results showed that MPs reduced the aromatic and hydrophobic soil DOM components by more than 20%,with PVC MPs having the greatest ***,as MP contents increase,the humification level of soil DOM significantly *** increased DOM molecules with no heteroatom by 8.3%-14.0%,but decreased DOM molecules with nitrogen content by 17.0%-47.8%.This may be because MPs cause positive“priming effect,”resulting in the breakdown of bioavailable components in soil *** is also related to MPs changing microbial richness and diversity and enriching microbial communities involved in lignin compositions *** the presence of MPs,soil DOM chemodiversity depended on soil pH,electrical conductivity,dissolved organic carbon,soil organic matter,bacterial Shannon,and fungal Chao ***,DOM in MP-contaminated soils featured more lipids and less condensed aromatics and proteins/amino sugars,thereby conferring a lower DOM aromaticity and higher lability.

关键词： Microplastics Dissolved organic matter FT-ICR MS Chemodiversity Molecular signature

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Linear-quadratic and norm-bounded combined differential game guidance scheme with obstacle avoidance for attacking defended aircraft in three-player engagement

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第12期42卷 136-155页

作者： Xintao Wang Ming Yang Songyan Wang Mingzhe Hou Tao Chao Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Harbin 150001China Center for Control Theory and Guidance Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

A differential game guidance scheme with obstacle avoidance,based on the formulation of a combined linear quadratic and norm-bounded differential game,is designed for a three-player engagement scenario,which includes a pursuer,an interceptor,and an *** confrontation between the players is divided into four phases(P1-P4)by introducing the switching time,and proposing different guidance strategies according to the phase where the static obstacle is located:the linear quadratic game method is employed to devise the guidance scheme for the energy optimization when the obstacle is located in the P1 and P3 stages;the norm-bounded differential game guidance strategy is presented to satisfy the acceleration constraint under the circumstance that the obstacle is located in the P2 and P4 ***,the radii of the static obstacle and the interceptor are taken as the design parameters to derive the combined guidance strategy through the dead-zone function,which guarantees that the pursuer avoids the static obstacle,and the interceptor,and attacks the ***,the nonlinear numerical simulations verify the performance of the game guidance strategy.

关键词： Active defense aircraft Differential game theory Three-player confrontation Energy optimization Acceleration constraint Obstacle avoidance

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Fabrication of MnO2 coating on aluminum honeycomb for fast catalytic decomposition of ozone at room temperature

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第12期134卷 34-43页

作者： Yunjuan He Pengyi Zhang Jie Yang Shan Wang Jinge Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory for Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Beijing 100084China

Herein, the coating of MnO2nanomaterials on the surface of aluminum honeycomb was carried out to meet the requirements of high air velocity, low pressure drop and high activity in ozone removal scenarios. A commercially readily available waterborne silica sol mixed with waterborne acrylate latex was creatively utilized as the binder. A series of coating samples were prepared by spray coating method and evaluated focusing on their adhesion strength and catalytic activity towards ozone decomposition in an air duct at room temperature, by varying MnO2/binder mass ratio and number of sprayings. It was found that the adhesion strength of the catalytic coatings on the aluminum honeycomb increased with the increase of binder mass ratio, but the increased binder made the catalyst particles closely packed,resulting in reduced exposure of active sites and decrease of ozone conversion. Accordingly,catalyst slurry with 81.8 wt.% MnO2in dry coating and spraying times of two were determined as the optimal process parameters. As-prepared aluminum honeycomb filter with MnO2layer of 50 μm thickness achieved ozone conversion of 29.3%±1.7% under conditions of air velocity 3.0 m/sec, relative humidity50%, room temperature(26°C) and initial ozone concentration of 200 ppbV. This filter can be well adaptable to indoor air purification equipment operating at high air velocity with low wind resistance.

关键词： Manganese dioxide Waterborne binder Coating Ozone conversion Catalyst

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Risk-Balanced Routing Strategy for Service Function Chains of Cyber-Physical Power system Considering Cross-Space Cascading Failure

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Energy Engineering 2024年第9期121卷 2525-2542页

作者： He Wang Xingyu Tong Huanan Yu XiaoHu Jing Bian The Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of EducationNortheast Electric Power UniversityJilin132000China

Cyber-physical power system(CPPS)has significantly improved the operational efficiency of power ***,cross-space cascading failures may occur due to the coupling characteristics,which poses a great threat to the safety and reliability of CPPS,and there is an acute need to reduce the probability of these *** this end,this paper first proposes a cascading failure index to identify and quantify the importance of different information in the same class of communication *** this basis,a joint improved risk-balanced service function chain routing strategy(SFC-RS)is proposed,which is modeled as a robust optimization problem and solved by column-and-constraint generation(C-CG)*** with the traditional shortest-path routing algorithm,the superiority of SFC-RS is verified in the IEEE 30-bus *** results demonstrate that SFC-RS effectively mitigates the risk associated with information transmission in the network,enhances information transmission accessibility,and effectively limits communication disruption from becoming the cause of cross-space cascading failures.

关键词： Cyber-physical power system service function chain risk balance routing optimization cascading failure

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Vibro-Acoustic Analysis for Transformer under DC Bias Based on Electromagnetic Coupling

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 104卷 171-186页

作者： Pan, Chao Shi, Xiaobo Fu, Tongrui An, Jingge Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 132012 China

Aiming at the operational stability of DC-biased transformer, a multi-parameter correlation method based on electromagnetic coupling is presented in this paper. The mode-state analysis scheme is designed, and the feature parameters of electromagnetic, mechanical, and acoustic fields in internal components are simulated and analyzed. The electromagnetic properties under DC bias are simulated by the electromagnetic model, thus the winding current and magnetic flux density are extracted as the feature parameters. Then the vibration and stress distribution can be solved by the mechanical model, which are treated as the feature parameters of the mechanical field. By utilizing the computed mechanical information as excitation, the spatial-temporal distribution of sound pressure can be obtained in the acoustic model. Taking three-phase three-limb transformer and three-phase group transformer as examples, the electromagnetic, mechanical, and acoustic parameters of components are analyzed under different conditions. The variations of feature parameters are summarized and contrasted. Furthermore, actual vibration and noise parameters are measured through dynamic experimental platforms. The effectiveness of the multi-parameter correlation method is verified by the consistency between simulation and experiments, and the unobservable abnormal physical features can be represented by observable electrical information. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Correlation methods

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The Characteristics and Suppression Protection Measures of AC Filter Closing Inrush Current Considering Residual Voltage and Residual Charge

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Engineering Letters 2024年第12期32卷 2191-2199页

作者： Gao, Hongguang Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 132012 China

In recent years, China has implemented numerous ultra-high voltage direct current transmission projects, offering notable advantages such as high stability, low losses, and cost-effectiveness. These projects necessitate frequent switching of AC filters at converter stations to meet reactive power requirements. During filter switching, a substantial closing inrush current is generated. The capacitors in AC filters, made up of multiple small capacitors in series and parallel, can retain residual charge and voltage if flashovers occur in some capacitors. Moreover, due to the capacitors' memory effect, rapid re-closing of the AC filter shortly after system operation can result in residual voltage, leading to a larger closing inrush current. This study presents a residual charge calculation model for high-voltage capacitors and a residual voltage model for quick re-closing scenarios established through PSCAD/EMTDC simulations. The research not only analyzes the detrimental effects of closing inrush current and overvoltage on the filter system caused by residual charges and voltage but also proposes innovative solutions with practical implications. To expedite the discharge of capacitors with residual charges, a novel adjustable discharge resistance model is proposed, which can enhance discharge speed by four times, significantly improving the efficiency and safety of high-voltage transmission systems. In addition, this paper introduces a new type of capacitor flashover fault identification method, which can achieve more accurate identification of the fault location and the number of capacitors that flashover occurs, thereby significantly facilitating the maintenance and troubleshooting of high-voltage systems. © 2024, International Association of Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Analyzing the Coupling of PMSG control Parameters With Operation Conditions and Grid Strength: A Perspective on Subsynchronous Oscillations

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IEEE Transactions on Power systems 2024年第4期40卷 2969-2982页

作者： Yan, Gangui Yang, Cheng Wang, Yupeng Yang, Dejian Mu, Gang Northeast Electric Power University Key Laboratory Of Modern Power System Simulation And Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry Of Education Jilin132012 China

Subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) in grid-connected permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) arises from the combined effects of control parameters, operating conditions, and grid strength. Existing studies focus on the design of converter control parameters but overlook their adaptability to changes in operating conditions and grid strength. This oversight can lead to challenges in adapting fixed control parameters to varying conditions, potentially inducing SSO. This paper develops a multi-damping path model to analyze the SSO characteristics of grid-connected PMSG systems. It quantitatively evaluates how changes in operating conditions and grid strength affect the adaptability of control parameters and SSO damping. The study reveals the intricate coupling relationship between the feasible domain of control parameters under stability constraints and variations in grid strength and operating conditions. It confirms that in certain scenarios, a single set of control parameters may not meet the stability requirements across different operating conditions and grid strengths. The effectiveness of the proposed model and the theoretical analysis results are verified through simulations. The findings provide essential theoretical guidance for the adaptive adjustment of control parameters in grid-connected PMSG systems under various operating conditions and grid strengths. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Damping

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Inhibiting liquid permeation into silicone rubber by superhydrophobic coating for prolonged service life

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High Voltage 2023年第5期8卷 986-996页

作者： Shuming Liu Ying Zhou Zhou Zuo Shuqi Liu Qian Wang Zhong Chen Xidong Liang State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Liquid permeation into silicone rubber(SR)may lead to the degradation or complete failure of the composite *** to inhibit liquid permeation,two kinds of superhydrophobic coatings are applied to the SR *** liquid permeation properties of SR with different types of liquids are investigated,and the Langmuir diffusion model is applied to analyse the experimental *** results show that the composite superhydrophobic coating can effectively inhibit liquid permeation by reducing the contact area between the surface and liquid,and the stable structure of the composite coating can maintain the performance after the liquid permeation and ***,the nano‐particle coating without the polymer binder experiences severe performance degradation during the immersion test,and it cannot restrain the liquid permeation anymore after it loses the *** a validation of the effective protection,the insulation resistivity change was *** resistivity decreases sharply for the pristine SR after water permeation;however,the decrease is much smaller for the coated *** current study not only provides new insight into the liquid permeation properties of SR with different surface wettability but also suggests an effective measure to prevent liquid permeation into SR.

关键词： coating permeation liquid

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Sludge-based biochar adsorbent:pore tuning mechanisms,challenges,and role in carbon sequestration

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1419-1441页

作者： Md Manik Mian Wenya Ao Shubo Deng State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(SKLESPC) Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Sludge biochar,a carbonized product of raw sludge,contains porous architectures that can act as epicenters for adsorbing external molecules through physical or chemical *** biochar also immobilizes innate micropollutants,which is advantageous over conventional sludge disposal *** date,numerous strategies have been discovered to improve sludge biochar morphology,but the influential factors,pore tuning mechanisms,and process feasibility remain *** knowledge gap limits our ability to design a robust sludge-based ***,we present state-of-the-art sludge biochar synthesis methods with insight into structural and chemical transformation *** and novel concepts for improving sludge biochar porous architecture are *** the first time,sludge biochar properties,adsorption performances,and techno-economic perspectives were compared with commercial activated carbon(AC)to reveal the precise challenges in sludge biochar *** importantly,sludge biochar role in carbon sequestration is detailed to demonstrate the environmental significance of this ***,the review concludes with an overview of prospects and an outlook for developing sludge biochar-based research.

关键词： Sludge-based adsorbent Micropores Feasible methods Challenges Carbon sequestration

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Highly active copper-intercalated weakly crystallized δ-MnO_(2) for low-temperature oxidation of CO in dry and humid air

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 127-136页

作者： Hao Zhang Huinan Li Pengyi Zhang Tingxia Hu Xianjie Wang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Beijing Key Laboratory for Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Beijing100084China Midea Corporate Research Center Foshan528311China

Copper intercalated birnessite MnO_(2)(δ-MnO_(2))with weak crystallinity and high specific surface area(421 m^(2)/g)was synthesized by a one-pot redox method and investigated for low-temperature CO *** molar ratio of Cu/Mn was as high as 0.37,which greatly weakened the Mn-O bond and created a lot of low-temperature active oxygen *** situ DRIFTS revealed strong bonding of copper ions with ***-synthesized MnO_(2)-150Cu achieved 100%conversion of 250 ppm CO in normal air(3.1 ppm H_(2)O)even at−10°C under the weight-hourly space velocity(WHSV)of 150 L/(g·h).In addition,it showed high oxygen storage capacity to oxidize CO in inert *** the concurrent moisture in air significantly inhibited CO adsorption and its conversion at ambient temperature,MnO_(2)-150Cu could stably convert CO in 1.3%moisture air at 70°C owing to its great low-temperature activity and reduced competitive adsorption of water with increased *** study discovers the excellent low-temperature activity of weakly crystallized δ-MnO_(2) induced by high content intercalated copper ions.

关键词： CO oxidation Birnessite Interlayer copper Low-temperature Oxygen storage capacity

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