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2017 IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy system Integration, EI2 2017

作者： Yan, Weihang Gao, David Wenzhong Zhang, Fang Cheng, Lin Yan, Shijie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Denver Denver United States State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Tsinghua University Beijing China College of Information Science and Technology Northeastern University Shenyang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538614273

In this paper, a dynamic droop mechanism is proposed to damp the synchronizing oscillation that exists in a virtual synchronous generator based distributed generator system without varying the steady-state active-power-loop droop coefficient. In order to eliminate the steady-state error introduced due to load changes or generator trips, a distributed secondary controller based on extremum seeking is employed so that microgrid frequency can be restored to nominal value. Besides, the small-signal model of virtual synchronous generator system is presented under d-q reference frame where virtual synchronous generator is deployed as a PV node. Moreover, the linearized system model of virtual synchronous generator with dynamic droop mechanism is derived and its advantage is discussed. Finally, a modified IEEE 14 bus microgrid system is established in Matlab/Simulink platform. simulation results demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed method. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Dynamics

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Water–energy Nexus in China's Electric Power system

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Energy Procedia 2017年 105卷 3972-3977页

作者： Saige Wang Tao Cao Bin Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 P.R. China

The electric power system is water–intensive, which aggravates the water scarcity of China. Deeper understanding of the role of electric transmission systems coupling with virtual water ﬂows is critical for sustainable development of China. In this study, the flux and direction of virtual water within power system were firstly analyzed. Water scarcity index (WSI) was also incorporated to evaluate the virtual scarce water ﬂows. Then, we calculated the hybrid electricity flux by multiplying electricity flux with its proportion of total electricity consumption to elucidate the significance of flux on the node's electricity supply. Finally, we studied the virtual scarce water flow network and hybrid electricity flux network via throughflow analysis to shed light on the nexus within the power system. The results show that electricity inflows bring in 27.99 GL of virtual scarce water concurrent with 10.865 TW h of electricity, and 47.47 GL of virtual scarce water concurrent with 15.072 TW h of electricity into the north and central regions of China. It can be concluded that a large volume of virtual scarce water (16.3 GL) is transferred via the electric power system, mainly from inland areas to coastal areas, which is roughly the opposite of the distribution of China's water resources. By doing this, we aim to evaluate the energy–water nexus rate in the electricity power system to balance the tradeoff between electricity supply and the regional inequity of water resources.

关键词： virtual water virtual scarce water electric power system electricity supply

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Regional water–energy–food nexus in China based on multiregional input–output analysis

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 3108-3114页

作者： Yating Liu Saige Wang Bin Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 P.R. China

Water and energy are main inputs for the food production and supply, a lot of water is used for energy production and a huge amount of energy is used for water system. To study the water–energy–food linkage in economic system within China, we built the water–energy–food nexus accounting framework based on multiregional input–output analysis. The water use for different energy and food types, energy consumption for all stages of water use and different kinds of food production for each region were inventoried. Then the direct and indirect energy and water embodied in monetary flows among regions were calculated via multiregional input–output analysis to analyse embodied energy, water and their related flows. Then we identified the critical regions and flows in water–energy–food nexus system for nexus management. The primary results showed that megacities are the crucial regions for nexus management, among which Shanghai, Hainan and Tianjin are crucial regions for energy management with high hybrid embodied energy consumption, and Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and Zhejiang are crucial regions for water management with high hybrid embodied water consumption. The main export–import pairs for hybrid embodied energy are Shandong–Tianjin, Jiangsu–Shanghai, Shandong–Shanghai and Shandong–Beijing, which should be critical pathways for nexus management. And main export–import pairs for hybrid embodied water are Shandong–Tianjin, Shandong–Shanghai, Shandong–Zhejiang, Henan–Guangdong, Henan–Zhejiang and Hebei–Beijing. By identifying the critical nodes and flows in water–energy–food nexus system, this study aims to investigate regional interactions as for water, energy and food and provide a better way for regional water, energy and food coordinated management.

关键词： Water–energy–food nexus Regional nexus Nexus networks Nexus management

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A broadband interference structure-based algorithm to continuously estimate the range of a moving ship

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Shengxue Xuebao/Acta Acustica 2018年第2期43卷 163-168页

作者： Ren, Qunyan Piao, Shengchun Guo, Shengming Ma, Li Liao, Tianjun Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustics Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China State Key Laboratory of Complex System Simulation Beijing Institute of System Engineering Beijing100101 China

In shallow waters, regular striations can be observed from the broad-band range-frequency spectrogram radiated by a moving ship, whose structure can be interpreted by the waveguide invariant theory and has been applied for sediment geoacoustic inversion and source ranging, etc. We present an algorithm to sequentially estimate the source range by observing the striation geometrical characteristics with an extended Kalman filter. This approach is based on the waveguide invariant theory and has the advantage of no requirement of a prior environmental information and forward sound field calculation. The at-sea ship noise data is tested, and the results are in high agreement with GPS data, besides, this approach is also demonstrated to be robust to initial state values. © 2018 Acta Acustica.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Embodied carbon emission analysis of eco−industrial park based on input−output analysis and ecological network analysis

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 3102-3107页

作者： Weisi Yang Saige Wang Bin Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 P.R. China

Eco−industrial park(EIP), serves as a key strategy to reduce carbon emission in China. In this study, we employed input−output analysis(IOA) and ecological network analysis(ENA) to provide insights on how to mitigate carbon emission embodied in products or services for EIP from a system perspective. IOA is mainly used to construct carbon flow network among sectors and trace the source of embodied carbon emission to sectors. ENA is used to identify control/dependence relationship of sectors based on embodied carbon flow. The results show that “Manufacturing” is the main sector of embodied carbon emission, followed by “Electricity, steam, and hot water production” and “Mining”. In terms of control/dependence relationship between sectors, “Construction” to “Manufacturing” is in a position of overwhelming dominance of pairwise control relationship with the control ratio of 0.91 while the control relationship between “Manufacturing” and “Transportation, storage, and postal services” with the control ratio of 0.03 is weak. Therefore, the amount of embodied carbon emission of each sector can serve as sectoral carbon reduction indicators and the control ratio provides useful information for systematic configuration of carbon. This work may contribute to low−carbon management for EIP.

关键词： eco−industrial park embodied carbon emission Input−output analysis ecological network analysis

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The Societal Costs of Deep Decarbonization in China

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 3115-3121页

作者： Saige Wang Bin Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 P.R. China

The deeply decarbonized energy economy would be achieved by the efficient power generation and low-carbon end-use equipment and infrastructure, which relies on the fixed cost investments in these items. In this study, we calculated the societal costs by the incremental energy system costs, which are defined the cost of producing, distributing, and consuming energy in a decarbonized energy system. We assess the transformation of the energy system including the major changes in energy supply and end use technology and infrastructure and its related energy costs. The investments in the highly efficient end use of energy, decarbonization of electricity and other fuels including biomass, petroleum, coal, natural gas and switching of end uses to electricity and other low-carbon supplies are calculated. The primary results show that the reference case shows a modest 15% increase in total final energy use, a 9% increase in CO 2 emissions relative to 2014 levels, while the deep decarbonization case shows a 20% decrease in total final energy use and an 65% reduction in total emissions. The total societal costs, calculated by summing these three categories costs can be used for assessing the expected cost to achieve the target of greenhouse gas emissions reduction, which can provide theory for implications of low-carbon technology and infrastructure changes for the energy economy and policy.

关键词： Societal cost benefit deep decarbonization low-carbon development climate change

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Impacts of different low-carbon development pathways on water consumption in China based on input-output analysis

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 3122-3128页

作者： Xin Ding Saige Wang Bin Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 P.R. China

Low-carbon development will have impacts on economic activities’ water use by controlling energy consumption and adjusting energy structure. To analyze the impacts of different low-carbon development pathways on water consumption, we extended the input-output analysis (IOA) to future low-carbon development scenarios in China. Five low-carbon development scenarios for 2050, planned for climate change mitigation targets, had been adopted to analyze their impacts on sectoral water consumption. The sectoral direct and indirect energy/water consumption were inventoried for different scenarios. Then, energy and water consumption embodied in economic trade had been investigated via IOA under different scenarios. The results showed that Metal smelting and pressing sector is the largest consumer for embodied energy and water, it could be the key sectors to reduce energy and water consumption. Comparing different scenarios, we found that the indirect water consumption for the enhanced low-carbon scenario is highest, followed by the low-carbon scenarios and baseline scenario. The enhanced low-carbon scenario is the best scenario in terms of low-carbon development and water saving. By comparing sectoral energy and water consumption under different low-carbon development pathways, this research may provide insights for water resource management in future low-carbon planning.

关键词： Input-output analysis Low-carbon scenario Climate change Water management

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Short-term wind power probabilistic forecasting considering spatial correlation

Short-term wind power probabilistic forecasting considering ...

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2017 IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy system Integration, EI2 2017

作者： Wang, Junxiong Han, Xueshan Jiang, Jiayin Li, Wenbo Ma, Yanfei Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan China State Grid Shandong Electric Power Rresearch Institute Jinan China State Grid Jinan Power Supply Company Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538614273

Wind power probabilistic forecasting is of great significance to the operation and dispatch of the power system. However, most researches have focused on how to predict wind power using local information rather than spatial correlation information of multiple wind farms in a region. In this paper a short-term wind power probabilistic forecasting approach considering spatial correlation is proposed. Originally, a set of explanatory variables highly correlated with the target variable is selected by calculating mutual information. Next, the principal component analysis can help to reconstruct the data and reduce the dimension of the explanatory variables. Finally, the conditional kernel density estimation is introduced to predict the short-term wind power of the target wind farm. Case studies on the dataset of Global Energy Forecasting Competition 2014 verify that the proposed approach can achieve better performance than traditional approach. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Characteristic Regions of the Fluorescence Excitation-Emission Matrix (EEM) to Identify Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Contents of Organic Matter in Membrane Bioreactors

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Environmental Science and Technology 2018年

作者： Xiao, Kang Shen, Yuexiao Liang, Shuai Tan, Jihua Wang, Xiaomao Liang, Peng Huang, Xia College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China

This study systematically investigated the correlations between fluorescence distributions characterized by the excitation-emission matrix (EEM) and hydrophobic/hydrophilic composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). On the basis of samples from 10 full-scale MBRs, we performed point-to-point comparisons among different components using an EEM fluorescence quotient (FQ) method and obtained a hydrophobic/hydrophilic fluorophore distribution map via Wilcoxon signed rank test. Hydrophobic acids/bases (HOA/HOB) concentrated in the low-wavelength region [excitation wavelength (Ex) 235 nm [especially with emission wavelength (Em) = 300-360 nm]. Quantitatively, EEM regional contribution to whole wavelength fluorescence was found to significantly correlate with the hydrophobic/hydrophilic proportions of DOM, with Pearson's coefficients of 0.94 and 0.78 (p 2 = 0.876, which was validated via leave-one-out cross-validation and Monte Carlo simulation. This study shows a statistically hydrophobicity-dependent fluorescence property across different MBRs, and it might be applied to provide a quick estimation of hydrophobic/hydrophilic composition of DOM in wastewater treatment systems based on EEM monitoring. © 2018 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Bioreactors

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HRPGAN: A GAN-based Model to Generate High-resolution Remote Sensing Images

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期428卷

作者： Hai Sun Ping Wang Yifan Chang Li Qi Hailei Wang Dan Xiao Cheng Zhong Xuelian Wu Wenbo Li Bingyu Sun China Telecom Shanghai Ideal Information Industry (Group) Co. Ltd Shanghai China Department of Airborne Remote Sensing National Disaster Reduction Center of China Beijing China Institute of Technology Innovation Hefei Institute of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China The Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security Shanghai China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Economics System Simulation Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang China Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center Beijing China Institute of Intelligent Machines Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China

Generative adversarial networks (GAN) has been mainly used in the generation of natural images such as MNIST, CIFAR10 as well as Imagenet datasets and achieves satisfying generation results. However, GAN always fails in generating high quality high-resolution remote sensing images because remote sensing images are large in size and have various ground objects. To address this issue, a novel framework called High-Resolution PatchGAN (HRPGAN) is introduced in this paper. The structure of HRPGAN follows PatchGAN, but the batch normalization layers are removed and the ReLU activation is replaced by the SELU activation. In addition, a new loss function consisting of the adversarial loss, perceptual reconstruction loss and regularization loss is used in HRPGAN. Experiment results show that the proposed HRPGAN model generates the more diverse and lifelike images in HR remote sensing generation than Bicubic method and TGAN model.

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