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Implementation and value of power hardware in the loop testing bed for wind turbines integrated into grid

The Journal of Engineering 2017年第13期2017卷 1635-1639页

作者： Kui Luo Wenhui Shi Haiyan Tang State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy & Storage System China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI) Beijing 100192 People's Republic of China

Wind power providing grid support is an interesting topic for the power grid stable operation, due to the large-scale power electronics devices integrated, advanced simulation and experiment methods are required to deal with the complexity. This study presents a power hardware in the loop (PHIL) testing bed implementation method for wind turbines grid integration. The components (emulated physical wind turbine, real-time simulator and power interface) and the configuration of the testing bed are listed from the view point of power flow and signal flow. Stability, accuracy, and safety considerations for the implementation of wind turbine PHIL testing bed are proposed, in order to accurately emulate the system and wind turbine behaviours. Inertial control strategies of wind turbines are validated, and simulation results show the value of PHIL simulation testing bed, which can be a useful tool for testing and evaluation of the electromechanical transient dynamic interaction between wind turbine/wind power plant with advanced functions and power system.

关键词： wind turbines wind power plants load flow stability power generation control power grids wind turbine behaviours inertial control strategies power system electromechanical transient dynamic interaction PHIL simulation testing bed stability considerations accuracy considerations safety considerations signal flow power flow power hardware in the loop testing bed implementation method experiment methods advanced simulation power grid stable operation large-scale power electronics devices grid support

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Fate and removal of typical pharmaceutical and personal care products in a wastewater treatment plant from Beijing： a mass balance study

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 491-501页

作者： Jie GAO Jun HUANG Weiwei CHEN Bin WANG Yujue WANG Shubo DENG Gang YU State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC) Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOCC) School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Beijing Municipal Solid Waste and Chemical Management Center Beijing 100084 China Xiamen Urban Planning and Design Institute Xiamen 361012 China

The fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products （PPCPs） in wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） has received great attention during the last decade. Numerous data concerning concentrations in the water phase can be found in the literature, however corresponding data from sludge as well as associated mass balance calculations are very limited. In the present study, the adsorbed and dissolved concentrations of 9 PPCPs were investigated in each unit of a WWTP in Beijing, China. Based on the calculation of mass balance, the relative mass distribution and removal efficiency of each target compound was obtained at each process. The amount of PPCPs entering into the WWTP ranged from 12 g·d^-1 to 3848 g·d^-1. Five target compounds （caffeine, chloramphenicol, bezafibrate, clofibric acid, and N,N- diethyl-meta-toluamide） were effectively removed, with rates of 57%-100%. Negative removal efficiencies were obtained for sulpiride, metoprolol, nalidixic acid, and carbamazepine, ranging from -19% to -79%. PPCPs mainly existed in dissolved form （≥92%） in both the raw influent and the final effluent. The sludge cake carried a much lower amount of PPCPs （17 g·d^-1） compared with the discharged effluent （402 g·d^-1）. In A^2/O treatment tanks, the anaerobic and anoxic tanks showed good performance for PPCPs removal, and the amount of adsorbed PPCPs was increased. The results reveal that both the dissolved and the adsorbed phases should be considered when assessing the removal capacity of each A^2/O tank.

关键词： PPCPs A^2/O mass balance removal efficiency sludge

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Removal of fluorescence and ultraviolet absorbance of dissolved organic matter in reclaimed water by solar light

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 118-127页

作者： Qianyuan Wu Chao Li Wenlong Wang Tao He Hongying Hu Ye Du Ting Wang Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and risk Control Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055 China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China South China Institute of Environmental Science Ministry of Environmental Protection Guangzhou 510000 China

Storing reclaimed water in lakes is a widely used method of accommodating changes in the consumption of reclaimed water during wastewater reclamation and reuse. Solar light serves as an important function in degrading pollutants during storage, and its effect on dissolved organic matter（DOM） was investigated in this study. Solar light significantly decreased the UV_（254） absorbance and fluorescence（FLU） intensity of reclaimed ***, its effect on the dissolved organic carbon（DOC） value of reclaimed water was very limited. The decrease in the UV_（254） absorbance intensity and FLU excitation–emission matrix regional integration volume（FLU volume） of reclaimed water during solar light irradiation was fit with pseudo-first order reaction kinetics. The decrease of UV_（254） absorbance was much slower than that of the FLU volume. Ultraviolet light in solar light had a key role in decreasing the UV_（254） absorbance and FLU intensity during solar light irradiation. The light fluence-based removal kinetic constants of the UV_（254） and FLU intensity were independent of light intensity. The peaks of the UV_（254） absorbance and FLU intensity with an apparent molecular weight（AMW） of 100 Da to 2000 Da decreased after solar irradiation, whereas the DOC value of the major peaks did not significantly change.

关键词： Wastewater reclamation Fluorescence Ultraviolet absorbance Solar light irradiation

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Trends of Regional Precipitation and Their control Mechanisms during 1979–2013

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第2期33卷 164-174页

作者： Run LIU Shaw Chen LIU Chein-Jung SHIU Jun LI Yuanhang ZHANG State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia Sinica Department of Atmospheric Science NCU

Trends in precipitation are critical to water resources. Considerable uncertainty remains concerning the trends of regional precipitation in response to global warming and their controlling mechanisms. Here, we use an interannual difference method to derive trends of regional precipitation from GPCP （Global Precipitation Climatology Project） data and MERRA （Modern- Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications） reanalysis in the near-global domain of 60~ S-60~N during a major global warming period of 1979-2013. We find that trends of regional annual precipitation are primarily driven by changes in the top 30% heavy precipitation events, which in turn are controlled by changes in precipitable water in response to global warming, i.e., by thermodynamic processes. Significant drying trends are found in most parts of the U.S. and eastern Canada, the Middle East, and eastern South America, while significant increases in precipitation occur in northern Australia, southern Africa, western India and western China. In addition, as the climate warms there are extensive enhancements and expansions of the three major tropical precipitation centers-the Maritime Continent, Central America, and tropical Africa-leading to the observed widening of Hadley cells and a significant strengthening of the global hydrological cycle.

关键词： regional precipitation global warming water resources

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Chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter emitted from commercial cooking

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 559-568页

作者： Bing PEI Hongyang CUI Huan LIU Naiqiang YAN School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200040 China Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center Shanghai 200030 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Center for Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC) Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter （PM2.5） emitted from commercial cooking were explored in this study. Three typical commercial restau- rants in Shanghai, i.e., a Shanghai-style one （SHS）, a Sichuan-style one （SCS） and an Italian-style one （ITS）, were selected to conduct PM2.5 sampling. Particulate organic matter （POM） was found to be the predominant contributor to cooking-related PM2.5 mass in all the tested restaurants, with a proportion of 69.1% to 77.1%. Specifically, 80 trace organic compounds were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS）, which accounted for 3.8%-6.5% of the total PM2.5 mass. Among the quantified organic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids had the highest concentration, followed by saturated fatty acids. Comparatively, the impacts of other kinds of organic compounds were much smaller. Oleic acid was the most abundant single species in both SCS and ITS. However, in the case of SHS, linoleic acid was the richest one. ITS produced a much larger mass fraction of most organic species in POM than the two Chinese cooking styles except for monosaccharide anhy-drides and sterols. The results of this study could be utilized to explore the contribution of cooking emissions to PM2.5 pollution and to develop the emission inventory of PM2.5 from cooking, which could then help the policymakers design efficient treatment measures and control strategies on cooking emissions in the future.

关键词： commercial cooking PM2.5 chemical char- acteristics organic matter

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Integrated system Conception of Low-altitude Air Defense and Air Traffic control Based on Cellular Mobile Communication Network

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2018年第1期408卷

作者： Zhao Guhao Wu Yarong Yang Yuan Zhu Jie Yao Dengkai Yang Nan Hao Chenlu State Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Management System and Technology Air Force Engineering University College of Air Traffic Control & Navigation

Low-altitude airspace as a national valuable strategic resource, because of the lack of effective monitoring method, and can not be fully utilized. Integration of air defense and air traffic control is an important problem in air traffic control establishment and this Paper has discussed a kind of integrated system of low-altitude air defense and air traffic control based on cellular mobile communication network, which can effectively meet demand of early warning detection in low altitude air defense and at the same time can meet demand of air traffic control to air surveillance, communication and navigation. The proposed method can effectively solve the low-altitude airspace detection, monitoring and communication problems, and give full play to the economic value of low-altitude airspace.

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Vertical Ion Transport: Magazine‐Bending‐Inspired Architecting Anti‐T of MXene Flakes with Vertical Ion Transport for High‐Performance Supercapacitors (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 8/2019)

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Advanced Materials Interfaces 2019年第8期6卷

作者： Ming Lu Wenjuan Han Haojie Li Haibo Li Bingsen Zhang Wei Zhang Weitao Zheng State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and Engineering Electron Microscopy Center International Center of Future Science Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 China Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education Jilin Normal University 1301 Haifeng Street Siping 136000 China Key Laboratory of UV‐Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street Changchun 130024 China

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Fractional Modeling and SOC Estimation of Lithium-ion Battery

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2016年第3期3卷 281-287页

作者： Yan Ma Xiuwen Zhou Bingsi Li Hong Chen State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Department of ControlScience and Engineering Jilin University (Campus Nanling) Jilin University IEEE Department of Control Science and Engineering Jilin University (Campus Nanling)

This paper proposes a state of charge (SOC) estimator of Lithium-ion battery based on a fractional order impedance spectra model. Firstly, a battery fractional order impedance model is derived on the grounds of the characteristics of Warburg element and constant phase element (CPE) over a wide range of frequency domain. Secondly, a frequency fitting method and parameter identification algorithm based on output error are presented to identify parameters of the fractional order model of Lithium-ion battery. Finally, the fractional order Kalman filter approach is introduced to estimate the SOC of the lithium-ion battery based on the fractional order model. The simulation results show that the fractional-order model can ensure an acceptable accuracy of the SOC estimation, and the error of estimation reaches maximally up to 0.5% SOC. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Algorithms Battery management systems Charging (batteries) Electric batteries Frequency domain analysis Ions Kalman filters Lithium Lithium alloys Secondary batteries Solid solutions

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Distribution of bacterial communities across plateau freshwater lake and upslope soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 61-69页

作者： Yihui Chen Yu Dai Yilin Wang Zhen Wu Shuguang Xie Yong Liu Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed Kunming 650034 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education) College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100872 China

Microorganisms are involved in a variety of biogeochemical processes in natural *** differences between bacterial communities in freshwaters and upslope soils remain unclear. The present study investigated the bacterial distribution in a plateau freshwater lake,Erhai Lake（southwestern China）, and its upslope soils. Illumina MiS eq sequencing illustrated high bacterial diversity in lake sediments and soils. Sediment and soil bacterial communities were mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes. However, a distinctive difference in bacterial community structure was found between soil and sediment ecosystems. Water content, nitrogen and p H affected the distribution of the bacterial community across Erhai Lake and its upslope soils. Moreover, the soil bacterial community might also be shaped by plant types. This work could provide some new insights into plateau aquatic and terrestrial microbial ecology.

关键词： Microbial community High-throughput sequencing Freshwater lake Soil Moisture

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Nanodevices: Record‐Low‐Threshold Lasers Based on Atomically Smooth Triangular Nanoplatelet Perovskite (Adv. Funct. Mater. 2/2019)

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Advanced Functional Materials 2019年第2期29卷

作者： Guohui Li Tao Che Xingqi Ji Shaoding Liu Yuying Hao Yanxia Cui Shengzhong Liu Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronics Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry National Ministry of Education Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China

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