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Adsorption of chlorophenols from aqueous solutions by pristine and surface functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 187-198页

作者： Han Ding Xin Li Jun Wang Xiaojian Zhang Chao Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University

The adsorption of six kinds of chlorophenols on pristine, hydroxylated and carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes（SWCNTs） has been investigated. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models were used to describe the kinetic data. All adsorption isotherms were well fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich and Polanyi–Manes models, due to surface adsorption dominating the adsorption process. The close linear relationship between log Kowand log Kdsuggested that hydrophobicity played an important role in the adsorption. The SWCNTs＇ adsorption capacity for chlorophenols was weakened by addition of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface, due to the loss of specific surface area, the increase of hydrophilicity and the reduction of π–π interaction. The best adsorption capacity of pristine SWCNTs, SWCNT-OH and SWCNT-COOH for six chlorophenols varied from 19 to 84 mg/g, from 19 to 65 mg/g and from 17 to 65 mg/g,respectively. The effect of pH on the adsorption of 2,6-dichlorophenol（2,6-DCP）, was also studied. When p H is over the pK aof 2,6-dichlorophenol（2,6-DCP）, its removal dropped sharply. When ionic strength increased（Na Cl or KCl concentration from 0 to 0.02 mmol/L）,the adsorption capacity of 2,6-DCP on pristine SWCNTs decreased slightly. The comparison of chlorophenols adsorption by SWCNTs, MWCNTs and PAC was made, indicating that the adsorption rate of CNTs was much faster than that of PAC. The results provide useful information about the feasibility of SWCNTs as an adsorbent to remove chlorophenols from aqueous solutions.

关键词： Adsorption Chlorophenols Single-walled carbon nanotubes Isotherms Kinetics Cation–π interaction

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Performance Evaluation Method for Automated Driving System in Logical Scenario

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Automotive Innovation 2022年第3期5卷 299-310页

作者： Peixing Zhang Bing Zhu Jian Zhao Tianxin Fan Yuhang Sun State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchunChina

With the continuous improvement of automated driving technology,how to evaluate the performance of an automated driving system is attracting more and more ***,with the creation of scenario-based test methods,the traditional evaluation index based on a single test can no longer meet the requirements of high-level safety verification for automated driving system,and the performance evaluation of such a system in logical scenarios will be the *** on the scenario-based test method and Turing test theory,a performance evaluation method for an automated driving system in the whole parameter space of a logical scenario is *** logical scenario parameter space is partitioned according to the risk degree of concrete scenario,and the evaluation process in different zones are ***,the anthropo-morphic index in the safe zone and the collision-avoidance index in the danger zone are defined by comparing test results of human driving and ideal vehicle *** front vehicle low-speed and cut-out scenarios as examples,two automated driving algorithms are tested in the virtual environment,and the test results are evaluated both by the proposed method and by human *** results show that the results of the proposed method are consistent with the subjective feelings of humans;additionally,it can be applied to scenario-based tests and the verification process of an automated driving system.

关键词： Automated driving system Logical scenario Performance evaluation Anthropomorphic index

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Anaerobic stabilization and landscape utilization of rural sewage sludge from the enhanced membrane coagulation process

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 177902页

作者： Xu, Heng Wei, Shanghui Chen, Song Wang, Kaijun Holmes, Dawn E. Yuan, Quan Beijing100083 China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Physical and Biological Sciences Western New England University 1215 Wilbraham Road SpringfieldMA01119 United States

In this study, enhanced membrane coagulation (EMC) sludge was subjected to various alkaline (pH 7.2, 10, and 11), temperature (35 °C and 55 °C), and duration (0.5 h and 1 day) pretreatment conditions before being inoculated into biogas reactors operated for 176 days. Optimal pretreatment (pH 11, 55 °C, and 1 day) effectively hydrolyzed particulate COD to SCOD (8435 ± 121 mg/L). Higher pH levels also facilitated the dissolution of amphoteric aluminum-phosphorus (Al-P) compounds, enhancing phosphorus release (91.8 mg/L) from the sludge. This alkaline pretreatment, especially under optimal conditions, significantly increased biogas production and methane concentrations in long-term semi-continuous anaerobic digesters, with methane yields of 188.4 mL/gVS. The microbial community structure in all three reactors exhibited similar shifts, with saccharolytic and proteolytic fermentative bacteria dominating early stages and Thermovirga and an uncultured bacterium (Run-SP154) prevalent in later stages. Methanothrix, an acetotrophic methanogen, dominated the archaeal community in the inoculum (>91 %) and remained prominent (>40 %) throughout the experiment, while hydrogenotrophic methanogens from the genus Methanolinea increased over time, accounting for >24 % of the sequences in the final stages. Additionally, the feasibility of using EMC digestate as fertilizer for mulberry plants was tested, showing that digestate from optimally pretreated sludge promoted better growth than conventional chemical fertilizers. This suggests that this approach is a promising method for decentralized sewage treatment systems. © 2024

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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Delayed Detached Eddy simulation of Subcritical Flow past Generic Side Mirror

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2019年第1期24卷 107-112页

作者： CHEN Xin LI Ming State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

In the present study, the subcritical flow past a generic side mirror on a base plane is investigated at the Reynolds number of 5.2 × 10~5 using delayed detached eddy simulation(DDES) turbulence model. Asides from the capability of capturing main features of the large recirculation vortex in the wake of the side mirror and the front horseshoe vortex, the accuracy of DDES estimation of recirculation length is significantly increased by over20%, compared to the detached eddy simulation(DES) estimation using the same grid. And DDES prediction of pressure coefficient at the trailing edge of the mirror is in good agreement with the experiments, which is more accurate than both DES and large eddy simulation(LES) results. The results verify the capacity of DDES turbulence model to solve the turbulent flow around the side mirror. This is a key foundation for possible future study of full simulation of external flow field of vehicle.

关键词： delayed detached eddy simulation drag recirculation length generic side mirror

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Evaluating the emission status of light-duty gasoline vehicles and motorcycles in Macao with real-world remote sensing measurement

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2240-2248页

作者： Yu Zhou Ye Wu Shaojun Zhang Lixin Fu Jiming Hao School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex

Roadside remote sensing measurement was used to explore the real-world emission status of light duty gasoline vehicles （LDGVs） and motorcycles in Macao. Both fuel-based and distance-based emission factors were derived using the mass balance method. The emission concentration profile of LDGVs illustrated the benefits of tightening emission standards at the source country or region of import. The distance-based emission factors for CO, HC and NOx of LDGVs registered before 2000 were 8.00, 1.04 and 1.36 g/km, respectively. The distance-based emission factors for CO, HC and NOx of LDGVs registered in or after 2000 were 1.16, 0.15 and 0.18 g/km, respectively. The fuel-based CO emission factors of light duty motorcycles （LDMCs） and heavy duty motorcycles （HDMCs） registered before 2000 were about 10 times higher than those of LDGVs of the same age group. As the emissions of LDGVs decreased more quickly after 2000, the gap widens for newer vehicles. The distance-based HC emission factors of LDMCs and HDMCs registered before 2000 were 4.81 and 2.91 g/km, respectively. The distance-based HC emission factors of LDMCs and HDMCs registered in or after 2000 were 3.52 and 0.93 g/km, respectively. The poor emission performance of motorcycles and their larger share in the traffic flow will cause them to be the major contributor to traffic CO and HC emissions. LDMCs, especially two-stroke models, should be the priority for vehicle emission control efforts in Macao.

关键词： Emission Remote sensing Macao Motorcycle

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Ways to assess hydrogen production via life cycle analysis

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 977卷 179355页

作者： Chen, Yang Guo, Wenshan Ngo, Huu Hao Chen, Zhuo Wei, Chunhai Bui, Xuan Thanh Van Tung, Tra Zhang, Huiying Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney SydneyNSW2007 Australia College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002 China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development Nguyen Tat Thanh University Ho Chi Minh70000 Viet Nam

As global energy demand increases and reliance on fossil fuels becomes unsustainable, hydrogen presents a promising clean energy alternative due to its high energy density and potential for significant CO2 emission reductions. However, current hydrogen production methods largely depend on fossil fuels, contributing to considerable CO2 emissions and underscoring the need to transition to renewable energy sources and improved production technologies. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is essential for evaluating and optimizing hydrogen production by assessing environmental impacts such as Global Warming Potential (GWP), energy consumption, toxicity, and water usage. The key findings indicate that energy sources and feedstocks heavily influence the environmental impacts of hydrogen production. Hydrogen production from renewable energy sources, particularly wind, solar, and hydropower, demonstrates significantly lower environmental impacts than grid electricity and fossil fuel-based methods. Conversely, hydrogen production from grid electricity primarily derived from fossil fuels shows a high GWP. Furthermore, challenges related to data accuracy, economic analysis integration, and measuring mixed gases are discussed. Future research should focus on improving data accuracy, assessing the impact of technological advancements, and exploring new hydrogen production methods. Harmonizing assessment methodologies across different production pathways and standardizing functional units, such as "1 kg of hydrogen produced, " are critical for enabling transparent and consistent sustainability evaluations. Techniques such as stochastic modelling and Monte Carlo simulations can improve uncertainty management and enhance the reliability of LCA results. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Clean energy

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A synergy control framework for enlarging vehicle stability region with experimental verification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第12期61卷 181-183页

作者： Nan XU Hong CHEN Haitao DING Ping WANG Lin ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Department of Control Science and Engineering Jilin University

Vehicle stability control has made remarkable contributions in improving vehicle safety and performance, especially during critical driving conditions. Many researchers have made tremendous efforts with regard to various active vehicle stability systems, and integrated vehicle dynamics control has attracted wide interest in research [1], includ-

关键词： exp ICV

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Warm-wetting and/or warm-drying tendency over Xinjiang, China?

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Journal of Hydrology 2025年 660卷

作者： Wang, Gang Zhang, Qiang Woolway, R. Iestyn Xu, Lei Ma, Hushuang Yang, Zhifeng Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development School of Ecology Environment and Resources Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wastewater Information Analysis and Early Warning Beijing Normal University Zhuhai China School of Ocean Sciences Bangor University Wales Bangor United Kingdom State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China

Drylands, characterized by fragile ecosystems and severe water shortages, are highly responsive to climatic changes. Recent studies have observed a general wetting trend in Xinjiang, a region covering over one-sixth of China territory and known for its arid climate. However, the spatiotemporal variability of wetting and drying tendencies and their underlying drivers remain poorly understood. Here we utilize the Eulerian moisture tracking model in conjunction with emergent constraining projections to assess trends in moisture dynamics across Xinjiang. Our analysis reveals a prevailing warm-wetting tendency over the past 40 years. We find that moisture influx into Xinjiang predominantly originated from the North Atlantic, traveling through Europe and West Asia, with external sources contributing approximately 89.1 % of the region's total water vapor. The increased moisture input has driven the observed wetting trend. Constraining projections indicate future increases in precipitation, evaporation, and temperature in Xinjiang, with the rate of change being more pronounced under the SSP585 scenario. Spatially, northern Xinjiang and its mountainous regions exhibit a significant warm-wetting trend, while southern Xinjiang shows a tendency towards warm-drying. Restricting global temperature rises to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, as opposed to 2 °C, could mitigate extreme drying and wetting conditions in the region. These findings underscore the partially wetting trend in drylands and highlight the critical need for stringent climate action to limit global warming to 1.5 °C for effective climate change mitigation. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Global warming

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Removal and ecological impact of sulfamethoxazole and N-acetyl sulfamethoxazole in mesocosmic wetlands dominated by submerged plants: Plant tolerance, microbial response, and nitrogen transformation

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 178034页

作者： Mu, Xiaoying Chen, Congli Fan, Qinya Zhang, Weihang Liu, Fei Guo, Jiaxun Qi, Weixiao Liu, Huijuan Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China School of Environment and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and Technology Jiangsu Province Xuzhou221116 China Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges Corporation Wuhan430010 China

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and its human metabolite N-acetylsulfamethoxazole (N-SMX) are frequently detected in aquatic environments, posing potential threats to freshwater ecosystem health. Constructed wetlands are pivotal for wastewater treatment, with plant species serving as key determinants of pollutant removal efficiency. In this study, wetlands dominated by three submerged plants (Myriophyllum verticillatum, Vallisneria spiralis, Hydrilla verticillata) were respectively constructed to investigate the removal of SMX and N-SMX, and the impact on wetland ecology regarding plant tolerance, microbial response, and nitrogen transformation. Results showed that wetlands removed N-SMX (82.3–99.8 %) more effectively than SMX (54.3–80.2 %), with the wetland dominated by Myriophyllum verticillatum showing the highest removal efficiency. However, high concentrations (5 mg/L) of SMX and N-SMX significantly reduced NH4+-N and TN removal (p © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Monthly survey of N-nitrosamine yield in a conventional water treatment plant in North China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第12期27卷 142-149页

作者： Chengkun Wang Shuming Liu Jun Wang Xiaojian Zhang Chao Chen School of Environment Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC)

A sampling campaign was conducted monthly to investigate the occurrence of N-nitrosamines at a conventional water treatment plant in one city in North *** yield of N-nitrosamines in the treated water indicated precursors changed greatly after the source water *** concentrations of N-nitrosodimethylamine（NDMA）,N-nitrosomorpholine（NMOR）,and N-nitrosopyrrolidine（NPYR） in the finished water were6.9,3.3,and 3.1 ng/L,respectively,from June to October when the Luan River water was used as source water,while those of NDMA,N-nitrosomethylethylamine（NMEA）,and NPYR in the finished water were 10.1,4.9,and 4.7 ng/L,respectively,from November to next April when the Yellow River was *** concentration in the finished water was frequently over the 10 ng/L,i.e.,the notification level of California,USA,which indicated a considerable threat to public *** correlations were observed between N-nitrosamine yield and typical water quality parameters except for the dissolved organic nitrogen.

关键词： N-nitrosamines Precursors Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix Dissolved organic nitrogen Molecule weight Correlation

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