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Microdynamic modulation through Pt–O–Ni proton and electron“superhighway”for pH-universal hydrogen evolution

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 808-815,I0018页

作者： Dewen Wang Yuting Chen Bohan Yao Tian Meng Yanchao Xu Dongxu Jiao Zhicai Xing Xiurong Yang State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022JilinChina University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina Department of Chemistry Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric PowerSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012jilinChina

Optimizing the microdynamics in alkaline and neutral conditions is a significant but challenging task in developing pH-universal hydrogen evolution(HER)***,a unique Pt-O-Ni bridge has been constructed to alter the coordination and electronic environment between Pt nanoparticles(Pt_n)and nickel metaphosphate(NPO)substrate(Pt-NPO).Sufficient electron transfer from NPO to Pt_n to maintain an electron-rich environment and a low valence state of Pt_***,H*is produced from the H_(2)O dissociation on Ni site and then spillover toward Pt sites to bind into H_(2),which makes up for the insufficient H_(2)O dissociation ability of Pt in Volmer ***-NPO exhibits long-term stability and only need the overpotentials of 22.3,33.0 and 30.5 mV to attain 10 mA cm^(-2)in alkaline,neutral and acidic media,*** anion-exchange membrane(AEM)water electrolyzer catalyzed by Pt-NPO shows high water electrolysis performance that a cell voltage of 1.73 V is needed to obtain the current density of500 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M KOH at 80℃,at the same time maintains good stability for 350 *** regulation strategy proposed in this work is helpful for the design and synthesis of highly efficient pH-universal HER electrocatalysts.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reactions pH-universal HER electrocatalysts Metal-support interactions Microdynamics Atomic and electronic regulation

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Research on Quantitative Safety Risk Assessment Methods at Vehicle controllability Level

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 82527-82539页

作者： He, Lei Li, Zichong Yang, Xuezhu Zhou, Yuanle Qu, Zikun Ren, Zhiqiang Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin Changchun130025 China China First Automobile Works Group Corporation Ltd. Jilin Changchun130000 China

In recent years, advancements in electrification, intelligent connectivity, and autonomous driving have made functional safety, particularly the vehicle-level controllability, a critical research focus. Although the ISO 26262 standard provides a systematic framework for automotive functional safety, challenges remain in accurately defining and quantifying controllability levels. In this paper, we analyze the influence of potential faults—such as unintended torque and loss of regenerative braking force—on vehicle controllability under various operating conditions. A database of vehicle attitude data and corresponding controllability levels is established through real-vehicle tests. Feature screening is then performed to identify the most relevant attributes that significantly affect controllability. Based on this database, a controllability model is developed using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method, which can effectively predict controllability levels. The model is applied in multiple simulation scenarios to assess vehicle controllability under different conditions. Additionally, the safety boundaries of motor torque are determined at varying speeds, providing insights into critical thresholds beyond which the vehicle’s controllability may be compromised. This work presents a novel approach for the quantitative analysis of vehicle controllability and safety risks, offering a reliable tool for evaluating functional safety in modern vehicles. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： ISO Standards

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Achieving an Accurate Random Process Model for PV Power Using Cheap Data:Leveraging the SDE and Public Weather Reports

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第1期11卷 124-135页

作者： Yiwei Qiu Jin Lin Zhipeng Zhou Ningyi Dai Feng Liu Yonghua Song College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China State Key Laboratory of the Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100087China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of MacaoMacao999078China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100087China

Stochastic differential equation (SDE)-based random process models of renewable energy sources (RESs) jointly capture evolving probability distribution and temporal correlation in continuous time. It enabled recent studies to remarkably improve performance of power system dynamic uncertainty quantification and optimization. However, considering the non-homogeneous random process nature of PV, there still remains a challenging question: how can a realistic and accurate daily SDE model for PV power be obtained that reflects its weather-dependent and non-Gaussian uncertainty in operation, especially when high-resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) or sky imager is unavailable for many distributed plants? To fill this gap, this article finds that an accurate SDE model for PV power can be constructed only using the data from low-resolution public weather reports. Specifically, for each day, an hourly parameterized Jacobi diffusion process recreates temporal patterns of PV volatility. Its parameters are mapped from the day's public weather reports to reflect varying weather conditions using a simple learning model. The SDE model jointly captures intraday and intrahour volatility. Statistical examination shows that the proposed approach outperforms a selection of the latest deep learning-based time series models on real-world data collected in Macao.

关键词： Photovoltaic(PV)power random process stochastic differential equation(SDE) stochastic optimization time series modeling uncertainty quantification weather report

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Experimental Study on the Effects of Ammonia Energy Substitution Rate on Combustion and Emission Performance in a Hydrogen Engine

Experimental Study on the Effects of Ammonia Energy Substitu...

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2024 Vehicle Powertrain Diversification Technology Forum, VPD 2024

作者： Wu, Weilong Xie, Fangxi Chen, Hong Du, Jiakun Li, Yong Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control China GAC Automotive Research & Development Center China

To advance the application of zero-carbon ammonia fuel, this paper presents an experimental investigation on the potential of ammonia substitution using a 2.0L ammonia-hydrogen engine, where ammonia is injected into the intake port and hydrogen is directly injected into the cylinder. The study examines the effects of ammonia substitution rate under various load conditions on engine combustion and emission performance. Results indicate that the maximum ammonia energy substitution rate reached 98%, and within the stable combustion boundary, the mass fraction of unburned ammonia was less than 3%. The ammonia energy substitution ratio increased with load, and ammonia addition significantly suppressed pre-ignition and knocking. As ammonia content increased, ignition timing advanced, combustion duration extended, ignition delay prolonged, COV increased, peak cylinder pressure, and pressure rise rate decreased, with a corresponding decrease in peak heat release rate. Compared to a pure hydrogen engine, the ammonia-hydrogen dual-fuel engine significantly improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE), which continued to rise with increasing ammonia energy substitution rate. At BMEP = 0.8 MPa, BTE reached a maximum of 41.1%. With increased ammonia addition, unburned NH3 emissions in the exhaust gradually increased, while NOx emissions decreased overall, but N2O emissions showed an increasing trend. © 2025 SAE International.

关键词： Hydrogen engines

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Promotional effect of stannum on Pd/CeO_(2)catalysts for CO and C_(3)H_(6)co-oxidation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第3期43卷 508-515,I0003页

作者： Congwei Liu Jie Li Meng Wang Jieying Cai Miaomiao Liu Yulong Shan Yan Zhang Wenpo Shan Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academyof SciencesXiamen361021China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academyof SciencesBeijing100085China

The successful control of hydrocarbon and CO emissions from low-temperature diesel exhausts requires the use of highly active co-oxidation *** this study,Sn was used to enhance the catalytic performance of Pd/CeO_(2)in CO and C_(3)H_(6)co-oxidation ***_(2)with added stannum(Sn)was prepared as a support using the co-precipitation method,and Pd was loaded onto the support using the impregnation *** Sn addition(the optimal Ce/Sn ratio is 0.75:0.25),the T_(50)values of CO and C_(3)H_(6)are reduced by 20 and 32℃,respectively.A series of characterization methods indicates that the addition of Sn to the support greatly enhances its lattice oxygen mobility and increases the proportion of *** the co-oxidation process,stronger lattice oxygen mobility allows CO to react faster through the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism,weakening the competition with C_(3)H_(6)for O_(2).A higher PdO content enhances the C_(3)H_(6)oxidation ***,CO can more readily reduce PdO than Pd^(2+)in solid solution with the support,which consequently further enhances co-oxidation ***,the addition of Sn is a simple and effective strategy for enhancing the performance of Pd/CeO_(2)catalysts in CO and C_(3)H_(6)co-oxidation ***,the promotional effect of CO achieved in this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the interactions that occur during the co-oxidation of C_(3)H_(6)and CO.

关键词： CO and C_(3)H_(6)co-oxidation Pd/CeSn Oxygen mobility Pd species Rare earths

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Rapid reduction of air pollution and short-term exposure risks in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 126-138页

作者： Hao Fan Chuanfeng Zhao Yikun Yang Xingchuan Yang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmospheric Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China

With the continuous control of anthropogenic emissions,China’s air quality has improved significantly in recent *** this background,research on how the short-term exposure risks caused by air pollution in China have changed is *** study utilized hourly concentration data from ground observation stations and the official air quality guidelines of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China and the World Health Organization as standards to systematically investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics and short-term exposure risks of air pollution in China from 2015 to *** results indicate that various atmospheric pollutants except for ozone showed a decreasing trend ***,both single pollutant air pollution days(SAPDs)and multiple pollutant air pollution days(MAPDs)showed varying degrees of reduction within 15 and 25 days,*** was dominated mainly by excessive PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)pollutants,while MAPD was dominated mainly by excessive pollutant combinations,including PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),CO+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),and SO_(2)+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10).As the concentration of atmospheric pollutants decreased,the total excess risk(ER)decreased yearly from 2015 to 2022,but there were significant regional ***,the ER is less than 0.25%in southern China,in the range of 0.25%-0.5%in the North China Plain and some cities in the northeast,and higher than 1%in the *** matter is currently the primary pollutant posing short-term exposure risk in China,especially due to the impact of sandstorm *** study indicates that China’s atmospheric cleaning action is significantly beneficial for reducing health risks.

关键词： Air pollution Emission-reduction Total excess risk Particulate matter China

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Research on the Emissions and Fuel Efficiency Sensitive Factors of Gasoline Engine Using a Support Vector Machine Coupling Sobol Method

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Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Part A: Sustainable and Renewable Energy 2025年第3期1卷 031201页

作者： Li, Yinlong Han, Yongqiang Zhang, Kechao State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun 130025 China

With the increasing prominence of energy and environmental issues, research in the field of internal combustion engines is becoming more and more refined. Engines are affected by the coupling of many factors, and it is necessary to decouple and quantify the impact of inputs on the objectives. In this paper, the effect of engine configuration parameters, operating conditions, and fuel parameters on fuel efficiency and emissions was investigated based on a support vector machine coupling Sobol method. The results of Sobol sensitivity analysis show that the most sensitive parameters for both brake specific fuel consumption and carbon monoxide emission are excess air ratio, total hydrocarbon emission and nitrogen oxides emission, engine load, and intake pressure; the first-order indices are 0.72, 0.27, 0.17, and 0.20, respectively. The most sensitive combustion parameters are maximum pressure in the cylinder, indicated mean effective pressure, maximum temperature in the cylinder, and high-temperature range, and the first-order indices are 0.40, 0.25, 0.39, and 0.57, respectively. It can be summarized through all the Sobol indices that, on the one hand, some input parameters, such as excess air ratio, affect fuel efficiency and emissions through the combustion process and, on the other hand, such as oxygen mass fraction directly affects carbon monoxide emission and total hydrocarbon emission by affecting the oxygen concentration in the cylinder. Sensitivity analysis based on the Sobol method coupling support vector machine was proved to be feasible and will provide valuable guidance for the optimization of internal combustion engines.

关键词： Sobol sensitivity analysis emissions support vector machine fuel efficiency agent-based model

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Single-atom iron on semi-hollow carbon synthesized by chemical waste-vapor assistance: A superior catalyst for polychlorinated biphenyls degradation

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 164-172页

作者： Bingqing Wang Xu Han Jiaqiang Sun Zhichao Yun Yonghai Jiang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Anhui Basic Discipline Research Center for Clean Energy and Catalysis College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China

Single-atom site catalysts(SACs)with high atom utilization efficiencies exhibit unexpected properties,making them ideal candidate catalysts for numerous ***,we report a chemical-waste-vapor-assisted(CWVA)strategy for the synthesis of a catalyst with single atom Fe on semi-hollow N-doped carbon(SA-Fe/SHNC).Benefitting from its atomic Fe sites,the prepared catalyst exhibited a 103-fold higher activity(0.827 vs.0.008mol_(PCB-209)·mol_(M)^(-1)·h^(-1))and much longer time-stability(more than 50 vs.0.5 h)than benchmarked Fe_(3)0_(4) nanoparticles toward decachlorobiphenyl(PCB-209)*** and density functional theory calculations revealed that the highly active isolated Fe sites are responsible for the activity of Fe-SAC/*** addition,the CWVA method was shown to be applicable for synthesizing other single atoms on various structured supports,thereby providing new opportunities for the design of various structured SACs for different applications.

关键词： single-atomic site catalyst chemical-waste-vapor Fe-N-C hollow structure polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)

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control, Modeling and Stability Analysis of DRU-based Grid-forming Converter

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2025年第1期11卷 83-92页

作者： Wencong Wu Minzhi Wang Liang Tu Haiqing Cai Guanglei Yan Xiaohui Qu Haohan Gu Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of HVDC China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China National Energy Power Grid Technology R&D Center Guangzhou 510663China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power Systems China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation China Southern Power GridGuangzhou 510663China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Diode rectifier unit(DRU)-based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmissionsystems areeffectivein achieving the stableandeconomical operation of offshore *** theuncontrollable characteristicsof DRUs,a grid-forming(GFM)strategy forwind-turbine converters isnecessary to support offshore AC voltageand ***,the active power-synchronization control in traditional GFM converters is unsuitable for DRU-based GFM ***,the stability issue for DRU-based HVDC systems involving DRU-based GFM and grid-following(GFL)converters has not yet been *** solve these issues,this study begins with the characteristics of a DRU-based HVDC system and presents a control scheme for DRU-based GFM converters for power ***,the dq-frame impedance model of the DRU-based GFM converteris proposed for the stability analysis of the entire HVDC ***,a simulation platform is built to verify the model accuracy and system stability.

关键词： Diode rectifier unit offshore wind-powergeneration grid-forming converter impedance model stabilityanalysis

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An equivalent modeling method for integrated water-wind-solar systems based on sparrow search algorithm

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-16页

作者： Lu, Yuanhong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingyue Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Hu, Binjiang Guo, Tianyu State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China

In the context of extensive integration of renewable energy sources into the electrical grid, the grid's fault transient behaviors have undergone significant changes. However, conventional single-unit equivalent models fail to accurately capture the fault transient responses of combined wind-solar-hydro power stations and often require substantial computational resources, leading to reduced simulation efficiency. This study proposes a cluster-based equivalent modeling approach for hybrid wind-solar-hydro power plants using the Sparrow Search Algorithm. key factors influencing fault characteristics, including the distance to the Point of Common Coupling, DC-side current-limiting measures, irradiance levels, water flow rates, wind speeds, and reactive power at the outlet, are identified and used to construct a transient model. Euclidean distances are computed for these factors, and initial clustering centers for wind turbines are determined using an improved max–min distance technique. These factors and clustering centers serve as the training dataset to establish the clustering equivalent model. simulation results, conducted on the MATLAB2022 platform, demonstrate that the SSA-based model outperforms the single-unit equivalent model by over 150 times in terms of accuracy. Additionally, the SSA-based model achieves a delay time, defined as the time required to compute the system's transient response after a fault, of less than 5 ms, which is less than one-twentieth of the delay time of the single-unit equivalent model. These improvements highlight the model's ability to accurately capture dynamic power responses under various disturbances, making it highly suitable for real-time applications in hybrid renewable energy systems. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： MATLAB

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