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Modeling method of photovoltaic power generation grid connection based on particle swarm optimization neural network

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Energy Informatics 2024年第1期7卷 88页

作者： Zhang, Jie Lu, Yuanhong Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Tu, Liang State Key Laboratory of HVDC China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510000 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510000 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510000 China

Aiming at the complex structure, numerous equipment, intricate control and protection logic, as well as the existence of numerous unmodeled dynamics and black-box device models in photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected systems, a modeling method based on Particle Swarm Optimization Neural Network (PSO-NN) is proposed to address the inability of pure mechanism models to accurately simulate their operational dynamics. Utilizing the differences in active power response waveforms under Voltage-Frequency (Vf) control, power-Reactive power (PQ) control, and Droop control as criteria for control strategy identification, a PSO-NN model is constructed for PV grid-connected systems, with inputs comprising temperature, humidity, light intensity, voltage, and frequency disturbances, and outputs being active and reactive power. To validate the model's effectiveness, a PV grid-connected system model is built in a self-developed simulation software and connected to an IEEE 14-bus distribution network for simulation verification. The results demonstrate that the proposed PV grid-connected model can effectively identify the types of Vf control, PQ control, and Droop control strategies, and accurately reflect the dynamic response characteristics of active and reactive power under various voltage and frequency disturbances. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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An equivalent modeling method for integrated water-wind-solar systems based on sparrow search algorithm

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-16页

作者： Lu, Yuanhong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingyue Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Hu, Binjiang Guo, Tianyu State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China

In the context of extensive integration of renewable energy sources into the electrical grid, the grid's fault transient behaviors have undergone significant changes. However, conventional single-unit equivalent models fail to accurately capture the fault transient responses of combined wind-solar-hydro power stations and often require substantial computational resources, leading to reduced simulation efficiency. This study proposes a cluster-based equivalent modeling approach for hybrid wind-solar-hydro power plants using the Sparrow Search Algorithm. key factors influencing fault characteristics, including the distance to the Point of Common Coupling, DC-side current-limiting measures, irradiance levels, water flow rates, wind speeds, and reactive power at the outlet, are identified and used to construct a transient model. Euclidean distances are computed for these factors, and initial clustering centers for wind turbines are determined using an improved max–min distance technique. These factors and clustering centers serve as the training dataset to establish the clustering equivalent model. simulation results, conducted on the MATLAB2022 platform, demonstrate that the SSA-based model outperforms the single-unit equivalent model by over 150 times in terms of accuracy. Additionally, the SSA-based model achieves a delay time, defined as the time required to compute the system's transient response after a fault, of less than 5 ms, which is less than one-twentieth of the delay time of the single-unit equivalent model. These improvements highlight the model's ability to accurately capture dynamic power responses under various disturbances, making it highly suitable for real-time applications in hybrid renewable energy systems. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： MATLAB

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The electromagnetic transient simulation acceleration algorithm based on delay mitigation of dynamic critical paths

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-12页

作者： Guo, Qi Lu, Yuanhong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingyue Huang, Libin Guo, Haiping Guo, Tianyu Tu, Liang State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou510663 China

The task scheduling problem based on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) has been proven to be NP-complete in general cases or under certain restrictions. In this paper, building upon existing scheduling algorithms, we introduce a static task scheduling algorithm based on directed acyclic graphs. By incorporating the proportion of task transmission delay as a guiding metric in the optimization process, processors can be prioritized for tasks with high latency, thereby improving computational efficiency. We first validate the theoretical feasibility of the algorithm using a theoretical case study and illustrate the algorithmic effectiveness using two real case studies, direct current (DC) model and alternating current (AC) model respectively. The research indicates that the scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper achieves an average scheduling length improvement of over 1.2% compared to the Heterogeneous Earliest-Finish-Time algorithm (HEFT) in topologies with high latency tasks. Additionally, the experiments show that the HEFT algorithm consumes 39.85us and the EMT-DM algorithm consumes 38.29us during simulation using DC, and the HEFT algorithm consumes 31.23us and the EMT-DM algorithm consumes 26.51us during simulation using AC, both of which are improved compared to the HEFT algorithm. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Flow graphs

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Characteristics of controlled Bridge Circuit and Its Application in Magnetic Field Induction Measurement

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1105-1117页

作者： Yanchu Li Qingqing Ding Mingchen Yan Jiyao Wang Jun Xu Xinzhou Dong Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 100096China

The article designs a new type of bridge circuit with a controlled source—when the resistance on the bridge arm of the controlled source bridge circuit meets the bridge balance condition, and the bridge branch contains only one Current-controlled Current Source (CCCS), a Voltage-controlled Current Source (VCCS), a Current-controlled Voltage Source (CCVS), or a Voltage-controlled Voltage Source (VCVS), the circuit is called a controlled bridge circuit, which has the characteristics of bridge balance. Due to the relationship between the controlled source and the bridge arm, the sensitivity of the components on the bridge is higher mathematically and logically. When applied to measurement, engineering, automatic control, and other fields, the controlled bridge circuit has higher control ac-curacy. Mathematical derivation and simulation results prove the correctness of the bridge balance conclusion and the special properties of this bridge when applied to the measurement field.

关键词： bridge bircuit bridge circuit applications bridge balanced condition controlled bridge circuit magnetic field induction measurement

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Inhibiting liquid permeation into silicone rubber by superhydrophobic coating for prolonged service life

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High Voltage 2023年第5期8卷 986-996页

作者： Shuming Liu Ying Zhou Zhou Zuo Shuqi Liu Qian Wang Zhong Chen Xidong Liang State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Liquid permeation into silicone rubber(SR)may lead to the degradation or complete failure of the composite *** to inhibit liquid permeation,two kinds of superhydrophobic coatings are applied to the SR *** liquid permeation properties of SR with different types of liquids are investigated,and the Langmuir diffusion model is applied to analyse the experimental *** results show that the composite superhydrophobic coating can effectively inhibit liquid permeation by reducing the contact area between the surface and liquid,and the stable structure of the composite coating can maintain the performance after the liquid permeation and ***,the nano‐particle coating without the polymer binder experiences severe performance degradation during the immersion test,and it cannot restrain the liquid permeation anymore after it loses the *** a validation of the effective protection,the insulation resistivity change was *** resistivity decreases sharply for the pristine SR after water permeation;however,the decrease is much smaller for the coated *** current study not only provides new insight into the liquid permeation properties of SR with different surface wettability but also suggests an effective measure to prevent liquid permeation into SR.

关键词： coating permeation liquid

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Photovoltaic Multi-Peak MPPT Method with Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm 9

Photovoltaic Multi-Peak MPPT Method with Improved Particle S...

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9th Asia Conference on power and Electrical Engineering, ACPEE 2024

作者： Ma, Zun Meng, Xian Xing, Chao Hu, Binjiang Zhu, Yihua Tu, Liang System Analysis and DC Technology Research Institute Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power Grid Co. Ltd Kunming China State Key Laboratory of HVDC EPRI CSG Power System Simulation and Control Technology Department Guangzhou China National Energy Power Grid Technology R&D Centre Power System Simulation and Control Technology Department Guangzhou China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Power System Simulation and Control Technology Department Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309638

An MPPT control strategy based on the combination of adaptive nonlinear mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses the tanh function to control the inertia weight, balances the ability of particles to optimize globally and locally, uses the ISRU function to control the learning factor, balances the weight relationship between individual learning and social learning, and improves the convergence speed of the algorithm. The nonlinear Cauchy mutation operation is proposed to expand the scope of optimization;Finally, the perturbation and observation method is used to track locally near the maximum power point to reduce power oscillation. The simulation validates that the photovoltaic MPPT control strategy based on the improved particle swarm algorithm can effectively get the maximum power point under shading conditions and improve the output efficiency of the PV array. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Maximum power point trackers

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Combined Wind-Storage Frequency Modulation control Strategy Based on Fuzzy Prediction and Dynamic control

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Energy Engineering 2024年第12期121卷 3801-3823页

作者： Weiru Wang Yulong Cao Yanxu Wang Jiale You Guangnan Zhang Yu Xiao Northeast Electric Power University Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology of the Ministry EducationJilin132012China State Grid Songyuan Electric Power Supply Company Songyuan138000China

To ensure frequency stability in power systems with high wind penetration,the doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)is often used with the frequency fast response control(FFRC)to participate in frequency ***,a certain output power suppression amount(OPSA)is generated during frequency support,resulting in the frequency modulation(FM)capability of DFIG not being fully utilised,and the system’s unbalanced power will be increased during speed recovery,resulting in a second frequency drop(SFD)in the ***,the frequency response characteristics of the power system with DFIG containing FFRC are ***,based on the analysis of the generation mechanism of OPSA and SFD,a combined wind-storage FM control strategy is proposed to improve the system’s frequency response *** strategy reduces the effect of OPSA and improves the FM capability of DFIG by designing the fuzzy logic of the coefficients of FFRC according to the system frequency index in the frequency support *** the speed recovery stage,the energy storage(ES)active power reference value is calculated according to the change of DFIG rotor speed,and the ES output power is dynamically adjusted to reduce the ***,taking the IEEE 39-bus test system as an example,real-time digital simulation verification was conducted based on the RTLAB OP5707 simulation *** simulation results showthat theproposedmethodcan improve theFMcapabilityofDFIG,reduce the SFDunder thepremise of guaranteeing the rapid rotor speed recovery,and avoid the overshooting phenomenon so that the systemfrequency can be quickly restored to a stable state.

关键词： Doubly-fed induction generator frequency fast response control output power suppression amount frequency response characteristics second frequency drop combined wind-storage

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Online Optimization to Suppress the Grid-Injected power Deviation of Wind Farms with Battery-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Storage systems

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Energy Engineering 2025年第4期122卷 1403-1424页

作者： Min Liu Qiliang Wu Zhixin Li Bo Zhao Leiqi Zhang Junhui Li Xingxu Zhu State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co. Ltd.Electric Power Research InstituteHangzhou310014China Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation Control and Green Power New Technology of the Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China

To address the issue of coordinated control of multiple hydrogen and battery storage units to suppress the grid-injected power deviation of wind farms,an online optimization strategy for Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems based on measurement feedback is ***,considering the high charge/discharge losses of hydrogen storage and the low energy density of battery storage,an operational optimization objective is established to enable adaptive energy adjustment in the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage ***,an online optimization model minimizing the operational cost of the hybrid system is constructed to suppress grid-injected power deviations with satisfying the operational constraints of hydrogen storage and ***,utilizing the online measurement of the energy states of hydrogen storage and batteries,an online optimization strategy based on measurement feedback is *** study results show:before and after smoothing the fluctuations in wind power,the time when the power exceeded the upper and lower limits of the grid-injected power accounted for 24.1%and 1.45%of the total time,respectively,the proposed strategy can effectively keep the grid-injected power deviations of wind farms within the allowable *** storage and batteries respectively undertake long-term and short-term charge/discharge tasks,effectively reducing charge/discharge losses of the Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems and improving its operational efficiency.

关键词： Battery-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems grid-injected power deviations measurement feedback online optimization energy states

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Monthly Reduced Time-Period Scheduling of Thermal Generators and Energy Storage Considering Daily Minimum Chargeable Energy of Energy Storage

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Energy Engineering 2025年第4期122卷 1469-1489页

作者： Xingxu Zhu Shiye Wang Gangui Yan Junhui Li Hongda Dong Chenggang Li Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation Control and Green Power New Technology of the Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co. Ltd.Electric Power Science Research InstituteJilin130021China

To address the excessive complexity of monthly scheduling and the impact of uncertain net load on the chargeable energy of storage,a reduced time-period monthly scheduling model for thermal generators and energy storage,incorporating daily minimum chargeable energy constraints,was ***,considering the variations in the frequency of unit start-ups and shutdowns under different levels of net load fluctuation,a method was proposed to reduce decision time periods for unit start-up and shut-down *** approach,based on the characteristics of net load fluctuations,minimizes the decision variables of units,thereby simplifying the monthly ***,the relationship between energy storage charging and discharging power,net load,and the total maximum/minimum output of units was *** on this,daily minimum chargeable energy constraints were established to ensure the energy storage system meets charging requirements under extreme net load ***,taking into account the operational costs of thermal generators and energy storage,load loss costs,and operational constraints,the reduced time-period monthly schedulingmodel was *** studies demonstrate that the proposedmethod effectively generates economical monthly operation plans for thermal generators and energy storage,significantly reduces model solution time,and satisfies the charging requirements of energy storage under extreme net load conditions.

关键词： Monthly scheduling thermal generators energy storage daily minimum chargeable energy decision time-period reduction unit start-up and shut-down unit commitment renewable energy

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Optimal Allocation Strategy of Frequency Modulation power for Multiple Energy Storage systems Considering Dual Constraints of Frequency Modulation Cost and Frequency Modulation Capability

Optimal Allocation Strategy of Frequency Modulation Power fo...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on power Science and Technology, ICPST 2023

作者： Peng, Yongming Si, Wenbo Zhao, Haiji Lv, Changlin Liu, Chengzhe Xu, Fei Hao, Ling Li, Junhui Northeast Branch of State Grid Corporation of China Shenyang China Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Jilin China State Key Laboratory of Power System and Power Generation Equipment Control and Simulation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350311358

Aiming at the power allocation problem of multiple energy storage power stations distributed at different locations in the regional power grid participating in frequency modulation services, a frequency modulation power optimization allocation strategy for multiple energy storage systems considering the dual constraints of frequency modulation cost and frequency modulation capability is proposed. Firstly, a multi-objective optimization allocation model for frequency modulation power is constructed with the minimum frequency modulation cost and minimum deviation of the state of charge (SOC) for energy storage power plants. Secondly, using Pareto based multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) to solve the model, introduce adaptive weight coefficients and fuzzy membership functions for each objective function regarding the frequency regulation demand of the power grid and the deviation of the SOC of energy storage stations, construct a comprehensive satisfaction function to make decisions on the most advantageous points on the Pareto frontier, in order to obtain the optimal output of each energy storage station that can adapt to the frequency regulation requirements of the power grid. Finally, simulation analysis was conducted on the proposed strategy in this article, and the results showed that: The proposed strategy not only enhances the frequency regulation economy of the regional power grid, but also helps to restore the SOC of the energy storage power station. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency modulation

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