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Environmental consequences of an ultra-low emission retrofit in coal-fired power plants from a life cycle perspective

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2021年第4期3卷 309-323页

作者： Jun Dong Yuanjun Tang Aizhong Ruan Jie Chen Xiaoqing Lin Shengyong Lu Xiang Gao State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Energy R&D Institute Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Pollutant Control Technology for Thermal Power of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 311121China Department of Energy and Environment System Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Zhejiang Shengyuan Environmental Testing Technology Co. Ltd.Shaoxing 311899China

To make coal-fired power generation more environmentally friendly,China has initiated a series of ultra-low emission ret-rofits to the air pollution control(APC)system of the existing power *** this study,a life cycle assessment(LCA)is conducted to analyze the environmental net benefits for the typical ultra-low emission retrofit of a 1000 MW power *** key processes,substances,and APC devices are verified and *** results confirm that the retrofit effectively decreases the environmental stress of acidification potential(AP),eutrophication potential(EP),and photochemical ozone creation potential(POCP)by 69%-79%,which can be attributed to significantly reduced emissions at the ***,the retrofit has also increased other impact categories by 24%-79%,primarily due to the consumption of additional elec-tricity and *** retrofit of selective catalytic reduction,electrostatic precipitator(ESP),and wet limestone flue gas desulfurization devices has a dominant effect on the impacts of EP,human toxicity potential(HTP),and AP.A newly installed wet ESP shows some environmental benefits(only for AP),but causes considerable burdens,in particular for the investigated impact categories global warming potential(GWP),marine aquatic ecotoxicity(MAETP),and abiotic depletion fossil(ADP fossil).The obtained results indicate that the hidden environmental consequences,which are associated with the production of energy and materials,need to be examined more comprehensively to inform the development of ultra-low emission technologies and strategies effectively.

关键词： Ultra-low emission retrofit Life cycle assessment Air pollution control system Coal-fired power plants Environmental impacts

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Carbon Emission Responsibility Accounting in Renewable Energy-Integrated Dc Traction power systems

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Zhanhe Li, Xiaoqian Lu, Chao Ma, Kechun Bao, Weihan State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Dept. of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Tsinghua University Sichuan Chengdu610299 China School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

This study presents a practical method to determine the carbon emission responsibility (CER) in DC traction power systems (TPSs) that incorporate renewable energy sources. The increasing importance of carbon peaking and neutrality necessitates novel carbon financing policies, such as carbon taxes and cap-and-trade, for which accurate CER calculation is crucial. This study focuses on CER related to electrical energy consumption, a complex task due to the separation of energy usage and carbon dioxide emissions. To address this, the research adapts the carbon emission flow (CEF) method to suit renewable energy-integrated DC TPSs, considering the unique characteristics of rail vehicles as energy prosumers and challenges in real-time power flow tracking. The proposed rail vehicle CEF model and real-time power flow tracing approach offer practical CER accounting solutions for system planning and real-time operation. A case study based on real engineering data validates the effectiveness of these methods, demonstrating their fairness to rail transit systems and AC utilities. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Renewable energy resources

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Cavitation of a Submerged Jet at the Spherical Valve Plate/Cylinder Block Interface for Axial Piston Pump

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第5期33卷 197-211页

作者： Bin Zhao Weiwei Guo Long Quan College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power&Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The spherical valve plate/cylinder block pair has the advantages of strong overturning resistance and large bearing ***,the configurations of the unloading and pre-boosting triangular grooves on the spherical valve plate are different from those in the planar valve plate,resulting in special cavitation phenomenon on the spherical port plate *** order to study cavitation characteristics of spherical port plate pair,a dynamic CFD model of the piston pump including turbulence model,cavitation model and fluid compressibility is established.A detailed UDF compilation scheme is provided for modelling of the micron-sized spherical oil film mesh,which makes up for the lack of research on the meshing of the spherical oil *** this paper,using CFD simulation tools,from the perspectives of pressure field,velocity field and gas volume fraction change,a detailed analysis of the transient evolution of the submerged cavitation jet in a axial piston pump with spherical valve plate is carried *** study indicates the movement direction of the cavitation cloud cluster through the cloud image and the velocity vector direction of the observation *** sharp decrease of velocity and gas volume fraction indicates the collapse phenomenon of bubbles on the part wall *** discoveries verify the special erosion effect in case of the spherical valve plate/cylinder block *** submerged cavitation jet generated by the unloading triangular grooves distributed on the spherical valve plate not only cause denudation of the inner wall surface of the valve plate,but also cause strong impact and denudation on the lower surface of the cylinder ***,the direction of the unloading triangular groove was modified to extend the distance between it and the wall surface which can effectively alleviate the erosion effect.

关键词： Cavitation submerged jet Spherical valve plate/cylinder block pair Axial piston pump

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Excellent electrical properties of zinc-oxide varistors by tailoring sintering process for optimizing line-arrester configuration 7

Excellent electrical properties of zinc-oxide varistors by t...

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7th IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, ICHVE 2020

作者： Meng, Pengfei Cao, Wei Chen, Chao Wan, Shuai Xu, Heng Hu, Jun He, Jinliang Tsinghua University Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing China Wuhan Nari Limited Liability Company State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan China Guangdong Aikang Electric Power Co. Ltd Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Tsinghua University Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728155111

We optimized the excellent electrical performance of zinc-oxide (ZnO) varistors doping of aluminum and indium by tailoring the sintering process. The surface morphology, nonlinear volt ampere properties, capacitance-voltage characteristics, and dielectric analyses were carried out. At a given aluminum and indium concentration, the average sample grain size (d) increased as lengthening sintering time from 0.5 to 2.5 h. The voltage gradient (E_{1\{mA}}) decreased from 602.4 V/mm to 356.7 V/mm. The residual voltage of the sintered varistors at the lightning impulse current (8/20\ \mu\mathrm{s}) decreased as the samples sintering holding time extended from 0.5 to 2.0 h. When the ZnO varistor was sintered for 1.5 h, the samples showed an excellent performance, with a reference voltage of 479.3 V/mm at 1 mA DC. When assembled in the line surge arresters, the obtained high-voltage-gradient ZnO varistors can decrease their length and residual voltage, which allows for better coordination of the line surge arrester with the insulators. This study has great significance to optimize line-arrester configurations and improve power-system stability. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Sintering

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Insulating materials for realising carbon neutrality:Opportunities,remaining issues and challenges

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High Voltage 2022年第4期7卷 610-632页

作者： Chuanyang Li Yang Yang Guoqiang Xu Yao Zhou Mengshuo Jia Shaolong Zhong Yu Gao Chanyeop Park Qiang Liu Yalin Wang Shakeel Akram Xiaoliang Zeng Yi Li Fangwei Liang Bin Cui Junpeng Fang Lingling Tang Yulin Zeng Xingtao Hu Jiachen Gao Giovanni Mazzanti Jinliang He Jianxiao Wang Davide Fabiani Gilbert Teyssedre Yang Cao Feipeng Wang Yunlong Zi The State Key Laboratory of Power System Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Simpson Querrey Institute Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMississippiUSA Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK Department of Electrical Engineering School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion(SJTU) Ministry of EducationShanghaiChina College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences ShenzhenShenzhenChina School of Electrical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Jiangsu Jinxin Electric Appliance Co.Ltd. YangzhouChina Tai'an Tiancheng Safety Evaluation Co. Ltd.Tai'anChina Department Electrical Electronic and Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking UniversityBeijingChina Laplace Paul Sabatier Universityand CNRSToulouseFrance Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology School of Electrical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingChina Thrust of Sustainable Energy and Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)GuangzhouChina De

The 2050 carbon-neutral vision spawns a novel energy structure revolution,and the construction of the future energy structure is based on equipment *** material,as the core of electrical power equipment and electrified transportation asset,faces unprecedented challenges and *** goal of carbon neutral and the urgent need for innovation in electric power equipment and electrification assets are first *** engineering challenges constrained by the insulation system in future electric power equipment/devices and electrified transportation assets are *** materials,including intelligent insulating material,high thermal conductivity insulating material,high energy storage density insulating material,extreme environment resistant insulating material,and environmental-friendly insulating material,are cat-egorised with their scientific issues,opportunities and challenges under the goal of carbon neutrality being *** the context of carbon neutrality,not only improves the understanding of the insulation problems from a macro level,that is,electrical power equipment and electrified transportation asset,but also offers opportunities,remaining issues and challenges from the insulating material *** is hoped that this paper en-visions the challenges regarding design and reliability of insulations in electrical equipment and electric vehicles in the context of policies towards carbon neutrality *** authors also hope that this paper can be helpful in future development and research of novel insulating materials,which promote the realisation of the carbon-neutral vision.

关键词： neutral insulation extreme

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A high-precision Analytical Method for Fast Calculation of Motor Vibration Based on Tooth Modeling

A high-precision Analytical Method for Fast Calculation of M...

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International Conference on Electrical Machines, ICEM

作者： J. F. Hong S. M. Wang Y. G. Sun H. X. Cao State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728199450

ISBN: (纸本)9781728199467

The analytical methods are widely used to predict the vibration and noise of the permanent magnet motors in industry applications. In the traditional analytical method, the influence of the teeth is ignored and a large error of vibration calculation will occur in the slotted motor. In this paper, a high-precision analytical calculation method for electromagnetic vibration of motors based on tooth modeling is proposed. First, the electromagnetic excitation force on each tooth of stator is calculated in the electromagnetic field. Then, the transfer function from the force acting on the teeth to the vibration on the surface of the shell is derived. Next, when the force is applied to a single tooth, the vibration on the surface of the motor can be obtained, and the superposition method is used to superimpose the vibration excited by the force of all teeth to calculate the total vibration acceleration of the motor surface. Finally, the finite element method and experimental method are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Vibrations Force Stators Permanent magnet motors Electromagnetics Electromagnetic forces Analytical models

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A Convolutional Neural Network Prediction Model for Aviation Nitrogen Oxides Emissions Throughout All Flight Phases

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Longfei Zhang, Qian Zhu, Meiyin Li, Guangze Chang, Liuyong Xu, Zheng Zhang, Hefeng Wang, Yanjun Zheng, Yinger Zhong, Shenghui Pan, Kang Zhao, Yiwei Gao, Mengyun Zhongfa Aviation Institute of Beihang University Yuhang District Hangzhou311115 China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Beijing101300 China Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China

In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research on nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions, and the environmental impact of aviation NOx emissions at cruising altitudes has received widespread attention. NOx may play a crucial role in altering the composition of the atmosphere, particularly regarding ozone formation in the upper troposphere. At present, the ground emission database based on the landing and takeoff (LTO) cycle is more comprehensive, while high-altitude emission data is scarce due to the prohibitively high cost and the inevitable measurement uncertainty associated with in-flight sampling. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive NOx emission database for the entire flight envelope, encompassing both ground and cruise phases. This will enable a thorough assessment of the impact of aviation NOx emissions on climate and air quality. In this study, a prediction model has been developed via convolutional neural network (CNN) technology. This model can predict the ground and cruise NOx emission index for turbofan engines and mixed turbofan engines fueled by either conventional aviation kerosene or sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs). The model utilizes data from the engine emission database (EEDB) released by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and results obtained from several in-situ emission measurements conducted during ground and cruise phases. The model has been validated by comparing measured and predicted data, and the results demonstrate its high prediction accuracy for both the ground (R2>0.95) and cruise phases (R2>0.9). This surpasses traditional prediction models that rely on fuel flow rate, such as the Boeing Fuel Flow Method 2 (BFFM2). Furthermore, the model can predict NOx emissions from aircrafts burning SAFs with satisfactory accuracy, facilitating the development of a more complete and accurate aviation NOx emission inventory, which can serve as a basis for aviation environmental and climatic researc

关键词： Forecasting

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Line Protection Method Analysis for Microgrid system Based on Fault Distance

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Smart power 2024年第5期52卷 67-73页

作者： Zhou, Yongrong Wang, Sihao Ma, Zhaoxing Wang, Ruihua State Key Laboratory of Technology and Equipment for Defense Against Power System Operational Risks Nanjing211106 China NARI Group Co. Ltd. State Grid Electric Power Reseach Institude Co. Ltd. Nanjing211106 China School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao266520 China

Fast and effective line protection scheme is the key to the development of decentralized on-site power supply technology. Microgrid system line protection method based on fault distance is proposed to address the issue of microgrid line protection. By constructing an equivalent electrical quantity equation containing fault signals and deriving an analytical expression for fault distance, a criterion for multi-terminal line protection is established, and then this method is extended to power networks with multiple connected power sources. The numerical analysis shows that the proposed criterion method has high reliability and can effectively avoid the misoperation or refusal of operation caused by unreasonable setting value of protection device. © 2024 Zhihui Dianli Bianjibu. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convergence of numerical methods

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Generation expansion planning considering efficient linear EENS formulation

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Global Energy Interconnection 2021年第3期4卷 273-284页

作者： Donglei Sun Zhijie Zheng Shuai Liu Mingqiang Wang Yi Sun Dong Liu Economic&Technology Research Institute State Grid Shandong Electric Power CompanyJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceP.R China Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250061Shandong ProvinceP.R China ELSEVIER

power system equipment outages are one of the most important factors affecting the reliability and economy of power *** is crucial to consider the reliability of the planning *** this paper,a generation expansion planning(GEP)model is proposed,in which the candidate generating units and energy storage systems(ESSs)are simultaneously planned by minimizing the cost incurred on investment,operation,reserve,and *** reliability cost is computed by multiplying the value of lost load(VOLL)with the expected energy not supplied(EENS),and this model makes a compromise between economy and *** the computation of EENS makes the major computation impediment of the entire model,a new efficient linear EENS formulation is proposed and applied in a multi-step GEP *** doing so,the computation efficiency is significantly improved,and the solution accuracy is still *** proposed GEP model is illustrated using the IEEE-RTS system to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the new model.

关键词： Expected energy not supplied Generation expansion planning Linearization methods

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Effect of Hygrothermal Cycle Aging on the Mechanical Behavior of Single-lap Adhesive Bonded Joints

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2019年第2期34卷 337-344页

作者：范以撒那景新 MU Wenlong QIN Guofeng TAN Wei School of Mechanical Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

The aging behavior of single lap joints(SLJ) in hygrothermal cycles was investigated and compared by using a shearing strength test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis(TG/DTG), energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS) and scanning electronic microscopy(SEM). The temperature/relative humidity was set at 80 ℃/95% and –40 ℃/30% for 20 cycles, 40 cycles, and 60 cycles(one cycle was 12 hours), respectively. The experimental results show that hygrothermal aging significantly decreases the failure strength of adhesive joints. However, the failure displacement increases as the number of aging cycles increases. In addition, hygrothermal aging changes the failure mode of the adhesive joints from a cohesive fracture in un-aged adhesive layers to an interfacial failure of aged adhesive joints.

关键词： single lap joints hygrothermal aging mechanical behavior FTIR TG/DTG EDS

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