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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Chaojie Chao Liu, Changliang Liu, Weiliang Liu, Shuai School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing100096 China Baoding key Laboratory of State Detection and Optimization Regulation for Integrated Energy System Baoding070013 China

Enhance the flexibility and adaptability of peak shaving and frequency regulation for thermal power units is a necessary prerequisite for the stable operation of new energy generation and power grids. In this paper, a gain-scheduled improved active disturbance rejection control (GS-IADRC) is proposed. Firstly, the thermal process of thermal power units is uniformly equivalent to a multi-order time-delay system to accurately characterize different characteristic thermal processes. Secondly, a feedforward compensator is added based on the first-order active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) to enhance the state estimation accuracy of the extended state observer (ESO). Furthermore, based on two equivalent structures of IADRC, quantitative parameter tuning rules of IADRC are derived, and closed-loop stability is proved. Moreover, the rough relationship between the load and the controlled process is introduced into IADRC, and the parameters to be adjusted are inversely calculated using the maximum sensitivity function as a constraint condition to achieve unified robustness under multi-conditions. Finally, the single-loop and coupled system adaptability of GS-IADRC in multi-condition SST and load coordination systems are verified respectively. Compared with existing methods, GS-IADRC demonstrates superior applicability and robustness under various conditions, and simplifies the engineering applicability of GS-IADRC without decoupling in coupled system applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： state estimation

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Hardware in Loop Real-Time simulation Test Research and Engineering Application of Multi-Terminal Hybrid Ultra High Voltage DC Current control and Protection system

Hardware in Loop Real-Time Simulation Test Research and Engi...

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Sustainable power and Energy Conference (iSPEC)

作者： Qinlei Chen Qi Guo Xuehua Lin Shuyong Li Libin Huang Deyang Chen Zhijiang Liu Chao Luo Guanming Zeng Yuanhong Lu Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of HVDC China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China National Energy Power Grid Technology R&D Centre China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485234

The multi-terminal hybrid ultra-high voltage direct current (MTH-UHVDC) transmission technology combining line commuted converter ultra-high voltage direct current (LCC-UHVDC) technology and modular multilevel converter ultra-high voltage direct current (MMC-UHVDC), provides a more flexible and advanced mode to meet the needs of longer distance and larger capacity clean energy transmission. Compared with the two-end HVDC system, the control and protection (C&P) functional and dynamic characteristics of MTH-UHVDC transmission system are more complex. The real-time simulation technology must be used to carry out the experimental research before the engineering application. However, the hardware in loop (HIL) real-time simulation test of MTH-UHVDC transmission system is faced with many technical problems, such as multi-type interface of test system, accurate modeling of UHVDC MMC valve, full access of C&P devices, etc. Therefore, from the perspective of simulation test research and engineering application, this paper proposes a HIL real-time simulation test method for C&P system of MTH-UHVDC transmission system. The design of test system, accurate modeling of primary system, modeling of C&P system, interface technology of test system, functional and performance test method of C&P system and engineering application are deeply studied. Taking kunliulong project, the world’s first MTH-UHVDC project, as the application background, a real-time simulation test system for C&P system is established by the proposed method. The functional performance test (FPT) and dynamic performance test (DPT) are carried out using the established test system, and the simulation test waveforms are compared with the field test waveforms. The results show that the response characteristics of the two systems are consistent, and the test system established in this paper can meet the needs of accurate real-time simulation test and research, and can provide technical support for the application of M

关键词： Performance evaluation Current control Multilevel converters HVDC transmission High-voltage techniques systems modeling Valves

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Probabilistic power Flow Calculation of AC/DC Hybrid system Based on Cumulant Method

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Sun, Yinfeng Xia, Dapeng Gao, Zichun Wang, Zhenhao Li, Guoqing Lu, Weihua Wu, Xueguang Li, Yang Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin132012 China Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Beijing102211 China Beijing Key Laboratory of DC Power Grid Technologies and Simulation Beijing102211 China

The operating conditions of the power system have become more complex and changeable. This paper proposes a probabilistic power flow calculation method based on the cumulant method for the voltage sourced converter high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) hybrid system containing photovoltaic grid-connected systems. Firstly, the corresponding control mode is set for the converter, including droop control and master-slave control. The unified iterative method is used to calculate the conventional AC/DC power flow. Secondly, on the basis of the probability model of load and photovoltaic output, based on the aforementioned power flow results, use correlation coefficient matrix of this paper will change the relevant sample into independent sample，the cumulants of the load and photovoltaic output are obtained;Then, the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of state variables are obtained by using Gram-Charlie series expansion method. Finally, the mean value and standard deviation of node voltage and line power are calculated on the modified IEEE 34-bus and IEEE 57-bus transmission systems. The algorithm can reflect the inherent uncertainty of new energy sources, and replace the complex convolution operation, greatly improving the calculation speed and the convergence. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric load flow

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Performance-Aware control of Modular Batteries For Fast Frequency Response

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： He, Yutong Ruan, Guangchun Zhong, Haiwang State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Lab for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Modular batteries can be aggregated to deliver frequency regulation services for power grids. Although utilizing the idle capacity of battery modules is financially attractive, it remains challenging to consider the heterogeneous module-level characteristics such as dynamic operational efficiencies and battery degradation. In addition, real-time decision making within seconds is required to enable fast frequency response. In order to address these issues, this paper proposes a performance-aware scheduling approach for battery modules to deliver fast frequency response (FFR) support. In particular, the conduction loss and switching loss of battery packs as well as converters are captured within a mix-integer quadratic constrained program (MIQCP). The cycle-based aging model identifies the aging cost of battery modules during frequent cycling by introducing the aging subgradient calculation and linearization. Case studies based on real-world battery data show that the proposed scheduling approach can effectively reduce power loss cost by nearly 28%-57% and battery aging cost by 4%-15% compared to conventional methods, which can also enhance the SoC balance. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Battery management systems

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Stackelberg game-based optimal scheduling of integrated energy systems considering differences in heat demand across multi-functional areas

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Limeng Yang, Ranran Qu, Yang Xu, Chengzhe Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin132012 China State Grid Nanyang Power Supply Company Nanyang473000 China State Grid Jilin Power Supply Company Changchun130000 China

Demand-side management is very critical in China's energy systems because of its high fossil energy consumption and low system energy efficiency. A building shape factor is introduced in describing the architectural characteristics of different functional areas, which are combined with the characteristics of the energy consumed by users to investigate the features of heating load in different functional areas. A Stackelberg game-based optimal scheduling model is proposed for electro-thermal integrated energy systems, which seeks to maximize the revenue of integrated energy operator (IEO) and minimize the cost of users. Here, IEO and users are the Stackelberg game leader and followers, respectively. The leader uses real-time energy prices to guide loads to participate in demand response, while the followers make energy plans based on price feedback. Using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition and the big-M method, the model is transformed into a mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) problem, which is solved by using MATLAB and CPLEX software. The results demonstrate that the proposal manages to balance the interests of IEO and users. Furthermore, the heating loads of public and residential areas can be managed separately based on the differences in energy consumption and building shape characteristics, thereby improving the system operational flexibility and promoting renewable energy consumption. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： MATLAB

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Optimization control Strategy of Pumped Storage power Station Considering Cost Allocation

Optimization Control Strategy of Pumped Storage Power Statio...

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International Conference on power system Technology (powerCON)

作者： Jun Yan Qinglong Song Qi Guo Lijian Xin Fancheng Meng Shuo Yu Jiaxu Zhou Cuiping Li Junhui Li Inner Mongolia Power (Group) Co. Ltd. Hohhot China Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin China Power Dispatching and Control Branch Inner Mongolia Power (Group) Co. Ltd. Hohhot China Inner Mongolia Electric Power (Group) Co. Ltd. Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute Branch Hohhot China

Against the backdrop of the increasing proportion of new energy generation, pumped storage, as the main energy storage method, face problems of low utilization and poor economic benefits. To improve the enthusiasm and overall efficiency of pumped storage power stations, this article proposes an optimized control strategy for pumped storage power stations that takes into account cost sharing. This strategy combines the PSS allocation system operation rules and control strategies to improve the utilization of PSS capacity by expanding its application scenario range, and to increase its enthusiasm for extraction by increasing rental income; This article takes a regional power grid in northwest China as an example for analysis, and the results show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the utilization level and economic benefits of PSS.

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The Optimal Design of the Second-Order Generalized Integrator Phase-Locked Loop Under power Voltage Distortion Conditions 5

The Optimal Design of the Second-Order Generalized Integrato...

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5th IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy system Integration, EI2 2021

作者： Zhang, Xin Gong, Lijiao Wang, Bin Si, Jindong College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shihezi University Shihezi China Shihezi China State Key Laboratory of Safety Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Power Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665434256

Phase-locked loop (PLL) based on traditional second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) cannot obtain the voltage, frequency and phase information accurately when there are multiple harmonic interference and DC offset in grid voltage. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved PLL that can suppress harmonic and eliminate DC component to extract the synchronous signal accurately. First of all, based on the derivation of distorted grid voltage expression, the problem offluctuation in extracting synchronous signal from three-phase unbalanced voltage with harmonic by traditional PLL is analyzed. Then, the design of improved PLL is proposed, which is composed of an improved second-order generalized integrator and a frequency correction component which can suppress harmonics and eliminate disturbances under the condition of grid voltage distortion, and has self-adaptability in large frequency offset. Determine the control parameters to ensure that the proposed PLL structure has a better rejection to harmonic distortion than previous approaches, and realize accurate tracking of grid fundamental frequency synchronization information. Finally, the behavior of the proposed system is verified with MATLAB/Simulink simulation and Hardware-in-Loop Experimental Platform which prove the proposed PLL can realize the synchronous tracking performance of grid frequency and phase quickly and accurately in the non-ideal grid environment, and the results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Phase locked loops

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Optimal Dispatch of Low-Carbon Campus power system Considering Flexible Loads and Green power Utilizations

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： He, Boyu Jin, Xiaolong Jia, Hongjie Cheng, Lin Mu, Yunfei Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Key Laboratory of Smart Energy & Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality Tianjin University Tianjin30072 China State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

In recent years, energy consumption in Chinese universities and colleges has constituted approximately 10% of the nation's total energy usage. As part of the drive towards carbon peaking and neutrality, there's a growing imperative to establish cleaner campus power infrastructure. Additionally, maximizing the flexibility of campus loads proves advantageous in integrating renewable energy sources effectively. Therefore, this paper provides an optimal dispatch approach to achieve low-carbon in a campus power system. First, a low-carbon campus power system framework is proposed, in which most of the energy consumption is replaced with green electricity, and teachers and students are able to interact with the energy management system. was proposed. Second, flexible load models in the campus for electric vehicles (EV), air conditioners (AC), energy storage, and other loads were established. To fully exploit the flexibility potential of building loads, the Resistance-Capacitance (RC) model is employed in this study to dynamically describe the thermal processes of buildings. Third, by means of load regulation measures, such as flexible course schedules, an optimal dispatch approach for the low-carbon campus power system was established. A university in southern China is selected as a case study for analysis. After conducting an annual operation simulation, compared to the original scenario, the carbon emissions of the campus power system decreased by 86.97% and the electricity bill paid was saved by 41.2%. The case study shows that adopting load regulation measures can effectively promote the consumption of renewable energy sources and support the development of the low-carbon campus. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Renewable energy

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Response-Driven Identification of Voltage Instability in AC/DC Hybrid Grid with New Energy

Response-Driven Identification of Voltage Instability in AC/...

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IEEE Asia power and Energy Engineering Conference (APEEC)

作者： Zewen Ding Zhuan Zhou Qichao Chen Fei Wang Junyu Liu Chongyang Dang Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education School of Electrical Engineering Shandong University Jinan China State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power CO. Ltd. Urumgi China State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute CO. Ltd. Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798331517540

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517557

With the large-scale integration of new energy and the extensive operation of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission projects, a variety of new transient voltage instability scenarios have emerged in the AC/DC hybrid grid with a high proportion of new energy. Traditional pre-planned strategies, which rely on predefined response tables to address different instability scenarios, are increasingly inadequate to effectively handle all instability situations. In response to this issue, this paper proposes a voltage instability identification method suitable for the AC/DC hybrid grid with new energy. Firstly, the various voltage instability scenarios existing in the AC/DC hybrid grid with new energy and their mechanisms are analyzed. Then, according to the characteristics of different instability scenarios, key response feature is extracted, and a method for identifying voltage instability scenarios is proposed. Finally, the AC/DC hybrid grid with a high proportion of new energy is modelled in BP A, different instability scenarios are simulated, and the proposed voltage instability identification method is verified to be able to effectively identify different voltage instability scenarios through simulation.

关键词： Electrical engineering HVDC transmission Asia Voltage High-voltage techniques Feature extraction Large scale integration Transient analysis

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A multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation framework for resources complexity of new energy stations based on grey correlation analysis

A multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation framework for re...

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Energy Technologies for Future Grids (ETFG), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Dong Lv Yun Wang Fei Xu Li He Yuzhi Liu Wenjing Yang Mengjiao Chen Nan Li Haonan Dai Fei Wang China Three Gorges Renewables(Group) Co. Ltd Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing China

In recent years, new energy has developed rapidly around the world and its role in promoting energy transformation is obvious to all, but it also poses a serious challenge to the safety and stability of the power system caused by the random fluctuation of output. New energy forecasting is currently considered to be the key technique to improve the operation level of the new power system. However, influenced by geographical location, installed capacity, forecasting scale, and other factors of the forecasting object, the power forecasting accuracy of each station varies significantly, which hinders the power generation group from delicacy management of owned new energy stations. Resource complexity evaluation is the key to solving the above challenges, but there are still gaps in related research currently. In this paper, a multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation framework for the resource complexity of new energy stations is proposed, aiming to realize the real-time dynamic evaluation of the complexity of new energy station resources. Firstly, wholeness and locality are defined as two dimensions to comprehensively evaluate the resources’ complexity. Secondly, complexity evaluation indicators such as overall range, frequency, and sampling loss area are designed under these two dimensions. Lastly, all indicators are assembled to obtain a comprehensive score based on the gray correlation analysis. The data from two real wind farms and two real photovoltaic power stations are adopted for simulation calculation. The results indicate that the proposed approach can accurately quantify the complexity of resources of a new power station, thus providing a reference for the establishment of the assessment basis of the power forecasting accuracy of the station.

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