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P2-type Na_(0.6)[Mg(Ⅱ)_(0.3)Mn(Ⅳ)_(0.7)]O_2 as a new model material for anionic redox reaction

Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第12期29卷 1791-1794页

作者： Xiaohui Rong Fei Gao Yaxiang Lu Kai Yang Yongsheng Hu State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy and Storage Systems China Electric Power Research Institute Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A new model material of Na[Mg(Ⅱ)Mn(Ⅳ)]O, with only Mgand Mnin the transition metal layers, is synthesized for the research of anionic redox reaction. The material delivers a capacity of ～130 mAh/g with a long plateau at ～4.2 V in the initial charge profile, indicating anionic redox reaction(ARR) involved during the initial desodiation process. In the following cycles, the reversible capacity can reach a high value of ～210 mAh/g, which is probably derived from the participation of both ARR and Mn/Mnredox couples, further proving the charge compensation from ARR during the initial charge and following cycles. The designed cathode material without Mnhelps avoid the influence of oxygen activity from transition metals, enabling the investigation of ARR without other distractions.

关键词： Na-ion batteries Layered oxide Cathode Anionic redox reaction Na_(0.6)[Mg_(0.3)Mn_(0.7)]O_2

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Optimal Frequency control Parameters Design of Wind Farm Considering Wind Turbine Grouping 6

Optimal Frequency Control Parameters Design of Wind Farm Con...

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6th IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration, EI2 2022

作者： He, Jing Zhang, Yubo Yang, Songhao Li, Chunyan Hao, Zhiguo China Electric Power Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy & Storage Systems Beijing China Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347159

Wind farms play an increasingly important role in frequency control of the power system, but the identical wind speed assumption is oversimplified for the actual wind speed distribution difference in large-scale wind farms. This paper proposes a method of designing optimal frequency control parameters for wind farms considering wind turbine grouping. Firstly, the influence of wind speed on the frequency control capability of the wind turbine is analyzed and the principle of wind turbine grouping is proposed. Then, the equivalent frequency response model of grouped wind turbines is derived based on the capacity weighted method, which significantly reduces the calculation burden. Finally, to maximize the frequency nadir of the power system, the optimal frequency control parameters of the grouped wind turbines are solved based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed parameter optimization method, which effectively improves the frequency nadir of the system under the major power shortage disturbance. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Wind turbines

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Research of the theory and application of auxiliary frequency modulation based on the energy storage in gas turbine unit of offshore oil platform 16

Research of the theory and application of auxiliary frequenc...

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16th IET International Conference on AC and DC power Transmission, ACDC 2020

作者： Yu, Qingguang Jiang, Zhicheng Ma, Yingxin Long, Gaoxiang Liu, Yuming Li, Ang State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Power Dispatching and Control Center State Grid JiBei Electric Power Company Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781839533914

The load randomness of offshore oil platform leads to the increase of power grid frequency deviation, which puts forward higher requirements for power grid frequency modulation capability. With the development of energy storage technology, the application of large-scale energy storage device in the field of auxiliary frequency modulation of power grid has been developed, and the frequency modulation capability of power grid has been improved. In this paper, the component model of bidirectional converter and inverter is established, and the precise control of input and output power of the energy storage system is realized by using dual loop control strategy and PQ control strategy. The frequency variation in primary and secondary frequency modulation is simulated to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy. © 2020 Institution of Engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy storage

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Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on solid waste generation and management strategies

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第6期15卷 241-258页

作者： Yangyang Liang Qingbin Song Naiqi Wu Jinhui Li Yuan Zhong Wenlei Zeng Macao Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China Macao Environmental Research Institute Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

It has been over ten months since the beginning of the 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-2019),and its impact on solid waste management,especially medical waste,is becoming *** study systematically reviews the potential influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical waste,personal protection equipment waste and municipal solid waste(MSW),and discusses the corresponding measures and policies of solid waste management in typical *** results show that the generation of medical waste from the pandemic increased significantly,with 18%‒425%*** is estimated that the daily output of COVID-19 medical waste increased from 200 t/d on Feb.22 to over 29000 t/d at the end of September 2020 throughout the *** use of personal protective equipment will continue to grow in the long-term,while the blockade and isolation measures greatly reduced the volume of commercial waste,especially for tourist cities,and part of this waste was transferred to household ***’attitudes and behavior toward food waste have changed due to the COVID-19 *** response to the pandemic,international organizations and several countries have issued new policies and guidelines and adjusted their management strategies for medical waste and MSW *** pandemic has brought specific challenges to the disposal capacity of medical waste *** has also brought about the stagnation of policies related to the reduction of plastic products and waste *** study will provide some useful information for managers and governmental officials on effective solid waste management during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Medical waste Personal protective equipment Municipal solid waste Waste management

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Machine learning accelerates fuel cell life testing

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhao, Yanbin Liu, Hao Deng, Zhihua Jiang, Haoyi Ling, Zhenfei Liu, Zhiyang Wang, Xingkai Li, Tong Ouyang, Xiaoping State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China

Accelerated life testing (ALT) can significantly reduce the economic, time, and labor costs of life testing in the process of equipment, device, and material research and development (R&D), and improve R&D efficiency. This paper proposes a performance characterization data prediction (PCDP) method and a life prediction-driven ALT (LP-ALT) method to accelerate the life test of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The PCDP method can accurately predict different PCD using only four impedances (real and imaginary) corresponding to a high frequency and a medium frequency, greatly shortening the measurement time of offline PCD and reducing the difficulty of life testing. The test results on an open source life test dataset containing 42 PEMFCs show that compared with the determination coefficient (R2) results of predicted aging indicators, including limiting current, total mass transport resistance, and electrochemically active surface area, and crossover current, obtained based on the measured PCD, the R2 results of predicted aging indicators based on the predicted PCD is only reduced by 0.05, 0.05, 0.06, and 0.06, respectively. Furthermore, the generalization of the PCDP method is verified by using an open-source life test dataset of a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis cell containing 28 times PCD measurement during approximately 1400 h. The LP-ALT method can shorten the life test time through early life prediction. Test results on the same open-source life test dataset of PEMFCs show that the acceleration ratio of the LP-ALT method can reach 30 times under the premise of ensuring that the minimum R2 of the prediction results of different aging indicators, including limiting current, total mass transport resistance, and electrochemically active surface area, is not less than 0.9. Furthermore, the generalization of the LP-ALT method is verified by using an open-source life test dataset containing 24 capacitors. Combining the different performance

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Preventive control Methods for power systems Based on Improved Deep Reinforcement Learning 6

Preventive Control Methods for Power Systems Based on Improv...

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6th International Conference on power and Energy Technology, ICPET 2024

作者： Zhang, Jie Zhu, Yihua Liang, Zhuohang Zhang, Qingqing Ma, Qinfeng Liu, Mingshun An, Su Dai, Jiang State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China Power Dispatching and Control Center of Guizhou Power Grid Co. Ltd Guiyang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375855

Convergence speed, accuracy, generalization and decision transparency are very important indices for transient stability preventive control generation methods based on AI. This paper proposes a transient stability preventive control generation method based on graph deep reinforcement learning and its interpretation method using mutual information optimization. Firstly, a transient stability preventive control generation model is built based on the framework of deep reinforcement learning algorithm. The grid domain buses are mapped to the graph domain nodes and the grid graph data samples are generated. The graph convolutional neural network via initial residual and identity mapping (GCNII) is used to build the action network and the evaluation network. Secondly, based on the GCNII network, a transient stability assessment model is built and pre-trained, and graph data samples containing varies of topological structures and power flow states are applied to train the model. Then the interpretation method based on mutual information optimization is used to analyze the decision-making basis of the transient stability assessment model. The dominant factor affecting the transient instability of power system is extracted and its contribution degree is quantified, and the abduction analysis of transient stability is realized. Finally, the pre-trained transient stability assessment model is embedded in the deep reinforcement learning framework as a guide, and the power flow adjustment method is used to preferentially correct the weak factors and their influencing factors so that the transient stability prevention control strategies are obtained. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified in the IEEE-39 node test system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Transient stability

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Research on real-time simulation of wide area out-of-step system in CSG 4

Research on real-time simulation of wide area out-of-step sy...

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4th IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration, EI2 2020

作者： Mao, Lifan Chang, Dongxu Liu, Ruicai Zhu, Yihua Guo, Hengdao Wu, Mingkang Hainan Power Grid Co. Ltd Power Dispatching and Control Center Haikou China Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid State Key Laboratory of HVDC Guangzhou China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728196060

In order to study the action characteristics of wide area out-of-step system in CSG, the real-time simulation study based on RTDS is carried out. In this paper, a test system based on the actual devices and the settings are constructed, and the modeling methods of the important measurement such as the power angle of tie line, Ucos φ oscillation curve and the voltage at the installation point of device are studied. The operation characteristics of wide area out-of-step system are fully verified by several serious single or multiple fault cases. The analysis of the simulation results shows that the wide area out-of-step system can meet the design requirements of splitting speediness, simultaneity and selectivity, and can solve the problems of late splitting in the south channel of Guangdong and Guangxi section, as well as the problem that the system cannot recover stability after splitting Guangdong and Guangxi, Guizhou and Guangxi section simultaneously. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Electric fault currents

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Initial-stage performance evolution of solid oxide fuel cells based on polarization analysis 17

Initial-stage performance evolution of solid oxide fuel cell...

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17th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFC 2021

作者： Wang, Yige Lyu, Zewei Han, Minfang Sun, Zaihong Sun, Kaihua Department of Energy and Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Xuzhou Huatsing Jingkun Energy Co. Ltd. Jiangsu Province Xuzhou221005 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781607685395

The performance evolution of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is more pronounced and non-linear in the initial stage, determining the output level during subsequent long-term operation. In this study, an industrial-size (10×10 cm2) cell was tested under 0.1 A cm-2 for 96 hours. I-V-P curves and EIS data under different DC bias (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.30, 0.50, 0.70 A cm-2) were periodically recorded every 24 hours to investigate the mechanism of initialstage performance evolution. The ohmic loss was identified as the main contributor to the total overpotential, especially under large current density. The cell performance increased during 4-24 h due to the enhancement of anode gas-phase diffusion/conversion processes, while the performance degraded significantly during 48- 96 h caused by the deterioration of anode charge transfer reaction. The EIS evolution trend under different DC bias was consistent, while the evolution degree was larger under smaller current density. © 2021 Electrochemical Society Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deterioration

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A time-of-use based electricity price package mechanism in retail market considering consumers' diversity 10

A time-of-use based electricity price package mechanism in r...

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2020 10th International Conference on power, Energy and Electrical Engineering, CPEEE 2020

作者： Luo, Gang He, Yujun Zhao, Chen Zhang, Xuan Lin, Shaohua Zhao, Yue Cai, Yuanji Power Dispatch and Control Centre Guangdong Power Grid Co. Ltd. Guangzhou510000 China State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Dept. of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

In the deregulated retail market, consumers should have more right of choice for paying for their energy demand. This paper focuses on the design of electricity price package mechanism in retail market considering the demand elasticity of consumers. An optimal price package mechanism is proposed to incentivize consumers for peak-clipping/valley-filling. Consumers are able to choose the appropriate one from a set of price packages, each of which consists of specific time-of-use energy price and maximum-demand price. A numerical case study has shown the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed mechanism. © 2020 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Commerce

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The parameter design method of smoothing inductance based on MMC-MTDC with R-type superconducting fault current limiter 16

The parameter design method of smoothing inductance based on...

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16th IET International Conference on AC and DC power Transmission, ACDC 2020

作者： Guo, Peiqian Yuan, Zhichang Liu, Guowei Zhao, Yuming Shi, Zinan State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Shenzhen Power Supply Corporation Shenzhen China Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Tsinghua University Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9781839533914

The rapid increase of voltage sourced converter brings the great development of the multi-terminal DC technology, both in the DC transmission and DC distribution fields. However, because of the weak impedance characteristic of the VSC-HVDC system, how to suppress and clear DC fault currents becomes a challenge. Considering the stability, the response speed and the system structure, it is not possible to apply excessive inductance at the DC side, hence, the current limiting effectiveness is relatively restricted. On the one hand, with the effective properties, Resistive type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (R-SFCL) becomes an effective device to solve the problem of VSC-HVDC system under DC faults. On the other hand, because of dynamic energy-impedance characteristics of R-SFCL, the fixed impedance selection method at a certain time to carry out dynamic current limiting analysis is no longer applicable. Therefore, the DC fault current research and R-SFCL characteristic are comprehensively analyzed firstly in this paper. Based on that, a smoothing inductance determination method is proposed to cut off the DC fault current by DC breaker and ensure the continuous operation of remaining parts. Finally, based on a multi-terminal DC system simulation, the improvement and effectiveness of the proposed method are validated. © 2020 Institution of Engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inductance

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