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Electro-peroxone degradation of diethyl phthalate: Cathode selection, operational parameters, and degradation mechanisms

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Journal of hazardous materials 2016年 319卷 61-8页

作者： Meifang Hou Yaofei Chu Xiang Li Huijiao Wang Weikun Yao Gang Yu Seiichi Murayama Yujue Wang School of Ecological Technology and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China. School of Ecological Technology and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China School of Environment Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. School of Environment Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. Power and Industrial Systems R&D Center Toshiba Corporation Fuchu-shi Tokyo Japan. School of Environment Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. Electronic address: wangyujue@***.

This study compares the degradation of diethyl phthalate (DEP) by the electro-peroxone (E-peroxone) process with three different carbon-based cathodes, namely, carbon-polytetrafluorethylene (carbon-PTFE), carbon felt, and reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC). Results show that the three cathodes had different electrocatalytic activity for converting sparged O2 to H2O2, which increased in order of carbon felt, RVC, and carbon-PTFE. The in-situ generated H2O2 then reacts with sparged O3 to yield OH, which can in turn oxidize ozone-refractory DEP toward complete mineralization. In general, satisfactory total organic carbon removal yields (76.4-91.8%) could be obtained after 60min of the E-peroxone treatment with the three carbon-based cathodes, and the highest yield was obtained with the carbon-PTFE cathode due to its highest activity for H2O2 generation. In addition, the carbon-PTFE and carbon felt cathodes exhibited excellent stability over six cycles of the E-peroxone treatment of DEP solutions. Based on the intermediates (e.g., monoethyl phthalate, phthalic acid, phenolics, and carboxylic acids) identified by HPLC-UV, plausible reaction pathways were proposed for DEP mineralization by the E-peroxone process. The results of this study indicate that carbon-based cathodes generally have good electrocatalytic activity and stability for application in extended E-peroxone operations to effectively remove phthalates from water.

关键词： Electrocatalytic ozonation Electrode Hydrogen peroxide Ozone Phthalates

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A novel protection scheme for two-phase faults in power distribution system with neutral ungrounded

A novel protection scheme for two-phase faults in power dist...

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12th IET International Conference on Developments in power System Protection, DPSP 2014

作者： Shi, Shengxing Lei, Aoyu Li, Xin Dong, Xinzhou State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China Shibei Power Supply Company Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781849198349

A novel protection scheme for two-phase faults in power distribution system with neutral ungrounded is presented. The feasibility of tripping single-phase circuit when a phase-tophase or two-phase-to-ground fault occurs is studied with induction motor loads as the focus. The paper at first analyses the effect of a induction motor runs with one phase cut off theoretically. And then a real power distribution system model with 110kV, 35kV and 6kV voltage levels is built in PSCAD/EMTDC. Three feasibility criteria are proposed for motors in continuous operation with single-phase opened. At last, the novel protection scheme is testified in simulation with protection time and reclosing time as variables respectively. The results verify that the scheme is feasible and power supply reliability is improved.

关键词： Induction motors

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Failure analysis of fan mill in thermal power plant 68

Failure analysis of fan mill in thermal power plant

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68th Society for Machinery Failure Prevention Technology Conference: Technology Solutions for Affordable Sustainment, MFPT 2014

作者： Liu, Chao Jiang, Dongxiang Chu, Fulei Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipments Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Fan mill is an important device in thermal plants, which supply coal power to boiler. Crack failures recently occurred in pulverizing wheels of fan mills in a power plant in China. The cracks happens in quite a few pulverizing wheels and they affect the normal operation. To find out the root cause of the cracks, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the pulverizing wheel is carried out in this work. The assembly with real dimensions is modelled to calculate the concentrated stress and strain with centrifugal load, driving load, and operational temperature taken into account. Contact effects are included in the finite element model as well as nonlinear material property. Based on the analysis, the crack causes are determined: (i) the initial stress exceeds the yield limit in normal operational condition, resulting low safety coefficient;(ii) the stress increases significantly in the worn pulverizing wheel, where the risk of failure is greatly increased.

关键词： Cracks

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Characteristics calculation and pattern recognition for partial discharge of cable joint

Characteristics calculation and pattern recognition for part...

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2014 International Conference on Communication Technology and Application, CTA 2014

作者： Xia, Y.F. Gui, J.F. Chen, X.Y. Gao, S.Y. Huang, J.H. Lin, J.H. Dongguan Power Breuse of Guangdong Grid China School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments China

ISBN: (纸本)9781845649302

For PD pattern recognition, six kinds of typical cable fault models are made and tested. Characteristics are calculated from test data. Multiple statistical characteristics of PD distribution map are calculated and pattern vectors are formed. Artificial neural network is trained for recognition. Through the selection and adjustment of characteristics and network parameters, recognition effect with satisfactory result is obtained. © 2014 WIT Press.

关键词： Partial discharges

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Travelling wave based single phase grounding protection for distribution system

Travelling wave based single phase grounding protection for ...

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12th IET International Conference on Developments in power System Protection, DPSP 2014

作者： Dong, Xinzhou Wang, Jun Shi, Shenxing Wang, Bin Dominik, Bak Kirby, Brian Yang, Xia State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China Alstom Grid Stafford ST174LX United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781849198349

It is very difficult to correctly identify single-phase-to-ground fault (SFG) in distribution system with neutral non-effectively grounded (NNG). A novel travelling wave based singlephase-to-ground protection is proposed in the paper. The polarity of initial transient current and voltage travelling waves are used to identify the fault direction, and power frequency voltages are used to distinguish SFG from phaseto- phase fault to ensure the reliability of the protection. In the paper, wavelet transforms and module maxima theory was adopted to represent the polarity of travelling waves effectively and construct protection algorithm,. The analysis and simulation demonstrate that the protection is valid.

关键词： Wavelet transforms

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Development of a frequency dependent network equivalent based RTDS-TSA hybrid transient simulation platform with heterogeneous architecture

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第16期38卷 88-93页

作者： Hu, Yizhong Wu, Wenchuan Zhang, Boming Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

For the simulation of large-scale AC/DC hybrid systems, both the precision of the DC parts and the efficiency of the whole system should be considered. Thus a real-time hybrid transient simulation platform is proposed by combining the real-time digital simulator (RTDS) and a transient stability analysis (TSA) program. A latest GTFPGA card is used to realize the high speed digital communication between RTDS and the computer deploying TSA program. Moreover, the frequency dependent network equivalent (FDNE) is implemented in this simulation platform to improve the accuracy of simulation results. By simulating a modified New England 39-bus test system incorporating high-voltage direct current (HVDC) components, the validity of the proposed simulation platform is verified.

关键词： Transient analysis

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A hierarchical model predictive control method of active power for accommodating large-scale wind power integration

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第9期38卷 6-14页

作者： Zhang, Boming Chen, Jianhua Wu, Wenchuan Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

With the ever-increasing size of the power grid and the large-scale integration of stochastic renewable energy, the conventional active power dispatch method has become inapplicable. Therefore, a model predictive control (MPC) based method is proposed to deal with the stochastic characteristic of the grid. Meanwhile, a multi-layer MPC scheme using the industrial large system hierarchical control strategy as a source of reference is adopted to deal with the difficult active power dispatch problem with large-scale wind power integration. The evolutionary process and the corresponding control mechanism of the proposed control scheme are given. ©2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Model predictive control

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A look-ahead generation dispatch method considering discrete generation regulation constraints with large-scale wind power integration

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第10期38卷 36-42页

作者： Li, Zhigang Wu, Wenchuan Zhang, Boming Sun, Hongbin Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Look-ahead generation dispatch is a critical measurement to accommodate large-scale integration of wind power generation. In real application, the model for conventional generators should involve generation regulation constraints including regulation frequency constraints and discrete output constraints. Look-ahead generation dispatch with regulation constraints is a large-scale nonlinear mixed-integer programming problem, and it could be hardly solved strictly within acceptable time. An efficient three-stage method for solving this problem is developed, together with a forward-backward-pass dynamic programming approach for handling generation regulation constraints. Numerical tests are taken on IEEE 31-bus systems and a large-scale 264-bus power system to verify the high efficiency and practicability of the proposed method.

关键词： Wind power

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Real-time charging optimization method considering vehicle charging prediction

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第9期38卷 61-68页

作者： Li, Zhengshuo Guo, Qinglai Sun, Hongbin Xin, Shujun Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

With large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) integrated into the power system, how to optimize EV charging power in real time to avoid incremental peak load and achieve valley-filling will be important. The regular real-time charging optimization as well as the vehicle charging prediction method is reviewed at first. Since vehicle charging (especially vehicle fleet charging) is predictable, a new real-time charging optimization model is proposed on the basis of the regular method with the consideration of the prediction model of incoming EVs. The new model is solved with receding horizon optimization, obtaining the current optimized charging power of plugged EVs. Through case study with various prediction accuracies, it can be seen that the proposed method always approaches the optimal solution to valley-filling. Moreover, compared with regular method, the proposed method would make a greater improvement of optimization result in the case of more diverse EV plug-in time. ©2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Forecasting

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Autonomous-synergetic energy management system family for smart grids: concept, architecture and cases

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Dianli Xitong Zidonghua/Automation of Electric power systems 2014年第9期38卷 1-5and14页

作者： Sun, Hongbin Zhang, Boming Wu, Wenchuan Guo, Qinglai Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Energy management system (EMS), known as the brain of power grid, utilizes information flow to control energy flow so as to keep power grid operation efficient and secure. Conventionally, the EMS is a centralized one with both information collecting and decision-making centralized. This architecture is facing a serious challenge in mass information collecting and faster decision, especially in smart grid environment. A new concept of distributed autonomy and centralized synergy is proposed and the EMS family covering all sections of smart grids (e.g. source, grid and demand) is concretized. Both commonness and individuality of these EMS family members are discussed. Several new members of EMS family including wind farm EMS, substation EMS and electric vehicle (EV) aggregator EMS are presented, to demonstrate their autonomous characteristic. Interaction among EMS family members is introduced to coordinate the members so as to implement source-grid-demand synergy to form an EMS family network. Several examples of interaction among the EMS family, such as interactions between transmission and distribution, between substations and control center, and between wind farm and EV aggregator, are introduced. ©2014 state Grid Electric power Research Institute Press.

关键词： Energy management systems

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