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Revealing cycling and thermal safety characteristics of LiFePO4 solid-state lithium metal batteries under dual in-situ strategy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 911-925页

作者： Yue Zhang Yuxuan Li Anqi Teng Lihua Jiang Zhuangzhuang Jia Wenxin Mei Yong Liu Shiyao Chen Zesen Wei Kaiqiang Jin Qiangling Duan Qingsong Wang Jinhua Sun State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China

Solid-state battery（SSB） with lithium metal anode（LMA） is considered as one of the most promising storage devices for the next *** simultaneously address two critical issues in lithium metal batteries:the negative impact of interfacial compatibility on the electrochemical performance and the safety risks associated with Li dendrite growth-we propose a dual in-situ strategy for fabricating ***,the excellent cycling performance and improved safety of polymer SSB under dual in-situ strategy was *** lower Li nucleation barrier of Sn leads to uniform Li deposition on the modified-Li（ModLi）/solid-state electrolyte（SSE） ***-enriched layer on LMA contributes to capacity retention of 92% after 550 cycles in *** modified layer provides outstanding dendrite suppression ability under an overcharge condition of 5.5 *** higher thermal stability of SSE than liquid electrolyte was investigated through in-situ heat and gas generation analysis,with ModLi+SSE generating only 9.9%of Li+*** cycling stability of SSB was demonstrated through in-situ cycling heat generation analysis,and lower temperature sensitivity of SSB with 31% of heat production decrease from 30 to 70℃,while LIBs show a 54% *** high-temperature stability was proved by a 92% capacity retention at 60℃ after 50 ***,pouch cells with SSE of higher thermal stability and modifications on LMA achieved a higher self-heating onset temperature（Tonset） of 180℃ and a lower thermal runaway maximum temperature(Tmax) of 401℃,The impacts of dual in-situ strategy for materials,interfaces,coin cells and pouch cells aid in further understanding on thermal runaway mechanism of SSB.

关键词： Dual in-situ strategy In/ex-situ heat production characteristics Li modification Solid-state lithium batteries Uniform/non-uniform heating

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Structural optimization of the rotary valve in a two-stage Gifford-McMahon-type pulse-tube cryocooler working at liquid helium temperatures

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2025年第2期26卷 109-120页

作者： Qinyu ZHAO Jun CHENG Yanrui ZHANG Haoren WANG Bo WANG Ruize LI Hua ZHANG Zhihua GAN School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015China Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Gifford-McMahon-type pulse-tube cryocoolers(GM-PTCs)working at liquid helium temperatures are promising in quantum technology and cryogenic physics for their high reliability and minimal *** features stem from the fact that there are no extra moving parts introduced into the *** rotary valve is a key component in GM-PTCs that transfers the output exergy from the compressor to the cold *** a low Carnot efficiency of 1.58%is achieved at liquid helium temperatures,optimizing the rotary valve is crucial for improving the efficiency of *** this regard,an exergy-loss analysis method is proposed in this paper to quantitatively obtain the leakage loss and viscosity loss of a rotary valve by experimental *** results show that viscosity loss accounts for more than 97.5%of the total exergy loss in the rotary valve,and that it is possible to improve the structure of the rotary valve by expanding the flow area by 1.5 *** verify the method,the cooling temperature and power of a remote two-stage GM-PTC were monitored,with original or optimized rotary valves *** experimental results show that compared to the original rotary valve,the optimized rotary valve can improve the cooling efficiency of a GM-PTC by 16.4%,with a cooling power of 0.78 W at 4.2 K.

关键词： Rotary valve Exergy analysis Liquid helium temperature Gifford-McMahon-type pulse-tube cryocooler(GM-PTC) Highefficiency

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Growth of CeCo-MOF in dendritic mesoporous organosilica as highly efficient antioxidant for enhanced thermal stability of silicone rubber

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 381-386页

作者： Guizhi Zhu Junrui Tan Longfei Tan Qiong Wu Xiangling Ren Changhui Fu Zhihui Chen Xianwei Meng State Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Materials Science and Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

High-efficient rubber antioxidants for enhanced heat resistance without compromising mechanical properties remain an enormous and long-term challenge for the rubber ***,we employed the in-situ growth of Ce-doped Co-metal-organic framework(Ce Co-MOF)in dendritic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles(DMONs@Ce Co-MOF,denoted as DCCM)to prepare a novel antioxidant that exhibit outstanding thermal *** mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles(DMONs)effectively alleviated the incompatibility of Ce Co-MOF in the polymer matrix,and the effective scavenging of free radicals was attributed to the various oxidation states of metal ions in Ce ***,by adding only0.5 phr(parts per hundred of rubber)of DMONs@Ce Co-MOF to silicone rubber,(SR),the retention rate of tensile strength increased from 37.3%to 61.6%after aging 72 h at 250℃,and the retention rate of elongation at break of DCCM/SR1 composites reached 68%,which was 5.43 times of *** strategy of anchoring MOFs on the surface of silica also provides a viable method for preparing effective compound functionalized rubber antioxidant.

关键词： Mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles Silicone rubber Metal-organic framework Antioxidants Thermal stability Thermal oxidative degradation

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Experimental study of dual nano-network, high-temperature resistant aerogel material as an integration of thermal management functions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 157-170页

作者： Yueyue Xiao Tianke Mao Zun Zhao Yuelei Pan Heping Zhang Xudong Cheng State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

Thermal management system is highly desirable to guarantee the performance and thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries,but it reduces the energy density of battery modules and even is unable to provide highly effective ***,a thermal management function integrated material is presented based on high-temperature resistant aerogel and phase change material and is applied at both charge–discharge process and thermal runaway *** this sandwich structure Paraffin@SiC nanowire/Aerogel sheet (denoted as PA@SAS) system,SiC nanowires endow the middle aerogel sheet (SAS) a dual nano-network *** enhanced mechanical properties of SAS were studied by compressive tests and dynamic mechanical ***,the thermal conductivity of SAS at 600°C is only 0.042 W/(m K).The surface phase change material layers facilitate temperature uniformity of batteries (surface temperature difference less than 1.82°C) through latent ***,a large-format battery module with four 58 Ah LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2LIBs was ***@SAS successfully prevents thermal runaway propagation,yielding a temperature gap of 602°C through the 2 mm-thick cross ***@SAS also exhibits excellent performance in other safety issues such as temperature rise rate,flame heat flux,*** lightweight property and effective insulation performance achieves significant safety enhancement with mass and volume energy density reduction of only 0.79%and 5.4%,*** originality of the present research stems from the micro and macro structure design of the proposed thermal management material and the combination of intrinsic advantages of every *** work provides a reliable design of achieving the integration of thermal management functions into an aerogel composite and improves the thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Thermal management Lithium-ionbatteries Aerogel High temperature thermal insulation

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Thermal hazard comparison and assessment of Li-ion battery and Na-ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 18-26页

作者： Wenxin Mei Zhixiang Cheng Longbao Wang Anqi Teng Zhiyuan Li Kaiqiang Jin Jinhua Sun Qingsong Wang State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

Na-ion batteries are considered a promising next-generation battery alternative to Li-ion batteries,due to the abundant Na resources and low *** efforts focus on developing new materials to enhance energy density and electrochemical performance to enable it comparable to Li-ion batteries,without considering thermal hazard of Na-ion batteries and comparison with Li-ion *** address this issue,our work comprehensively compares commercial prismatic lithium iron phosphate(LFP) battery,lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide(NCM523) battery and Na-ion battery of the same size from thermal hazard perspective using Accelerating Rate *** thermal hazard of the three cells is then qualitatively assessed from thermal stability,early warning and thermal runaway severity perspectives by integrating eight characteristic *** Na-ion cell displays comparable thermal stability with LFP while LFP exhibits the lowest thermal runaway hazard and ***,the Na-ion cell displays the lowest safety venting temperature and the longest time interval between safety venting and thermal runaway,allowing the generated gas to be released as early as possible and detected in a timely manner,providing sufficient time for early ***,a database of thermal runaway characteristic temperature for Li-ion and Na-ion cells is collected and processed to delineate four thermal hazard levels for quantitative ***,LFP cells exhibit the lowest thermal hazard,followed by the Na-ion cells and NCM523 *** work clarifies the thermal hazard discrepancy between the Na-ion cell and prevalent Li-ion cells,providing crucial guidance for development and application of Na-ion cell.

关键词： Li-ion battery Na-ion battery Thermal runaway Characteristic parameters Thermal hazard assessment

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Investigation of bubbles escape behavior from low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels using 3D X-ray microscope

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 102-110页

作者： Qiang Liu Xiang Li Shen Du Ming Gao Yanbin Yin Jiongming Zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

During the continuous casting process of high-Mn high-Al steels,various types of gases such as Ar need to escape through the top of the *** which,the behavior of bubbles traversing the liquid slag serves as a restrictive link,closely associated with viscosity and the thickness of liquid *** contrast to two-dimensional surface observation,three-dimensional(3D)analysis method can offer a more intuitive,accurate,and comprehensive ***,this study employs a 3D X-ray microscope(3D-XRM)to obtained spatial distribution and 3D morphological characteristics of residual bubbles in mold flux under different basicity of liquid slag,different temperatures,and different holding *** results indicate that as basicity of slag increases from 0.52 to 1.03,temperature increases from 1423 to 1573 K,the viscosity of slag decreases,the floating rate of bubbles *** addition,when holding time increases from 10 to 30 s,the bubbles floating distance increases,and the volume fraction and average equivalent sphere diameter of the bubbles solidified in the mold flux gradually *** one word,increasing the basicity,temperature,and holding time leading to an increase in the removal rate of bubbles especially for the *** findings of bubbles escape behavior provide valuable insights into optimizing low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels.

关键词： mold flux low basicity bubbles three-dimensional X-ray microscope viscosity

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Interfacial amine-assisted electrodeposition of superhydrophilic/superaerophobic metal hydroxides for robust oxygen evolution catalysis

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science China Chemistry 2025年第5期68卷 2188-2195页

作者： Qing Chen keyu Wang Shiyi Li Yixing Wang Linfeng Lei Minghui Zhu Linzhou Zhuang Zhi Xu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Suzhou Laboratory

The oxygen evolution reaction（OER） is crucial for the electrocatalytic water electrolysis into oxygen and hydrogen,but the fourelectron transfer process hinders the OER *** realize the highly efficient water splitting,the nonprecious metal-based electrodes that can optimize the adsorption energy of intermediates and generate H2with low overpotential and robust stability are ***,we report a surface modification strategy to grow the trimetallic FeCoNi hydroxide on the amine linkersgrafted carbon cloth（CC-NH2@FeCoNi） by ***-NH2@FeCoNi possesses a superhydrophilic/superaerophobic surface,which could significantly enhance the mass transfer,and meanwhile promote the in situ generation of MOOH active ***,the superhydrophilic surface could facilitate the adsorption of abundant OH-ions,and repel the Cl-ions via electrostatic repulsive force during seawater ***,compared with the CC@FeCoNi that grown on the pure CC（320 mV）,the CC-NH2@FeCoNi needs an obviously smaller overpotential of 270 mV to achieve a current density of 100 mA cm-2,and meanwhile it exhibits a superior durability for 100 h at a current density of 200 m A cm-2in both alkaline water and *** strategy could be even applied universally in the preparation of other nonprecious metal hydroxides for efficient OER catalysis.

关键词： amine grafting superhydrophilicity superaerophobicity metal hydroxides water oxidation anticorrosion

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Lignin-derived carbon fibers:A green path from biomass to advanced materials

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Carbon Energy 2025年第3期7卷 11-33页

作者： Li Yan Hai Liu Yanfan Yang Lin Dai Chuanling Si State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and PaperCollege of Light Industry and EngineeringTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjinChina

Carbon fibers(CFs)with notable comprehensive properties,such as light weight,high specific strength,and stiffness,have garnered considerable interest in both academic and industrial fields due to their diverse and advanced ***,the commonly utilized precursors,such as polyacrylonitrile and pitch,exhibit a lack of environmental sustainability,and their costs are heavily reliant on fluctuating petroleum *** meet the substantial market demand for CFs,significant efforts have been made to develop cost-effective and sustainable CFs derived from ***,the most abundant polyphenolic compound in nature,is emerging as a promising precursor which is well-suited for the production of CFs due to its renewable nature,low cost,high carbon content,and aromatic ***,the majority of lignin raw materials are currently derived from pulping and biorefining industrial by-products,which are diverse and heterogeneous in nature,restricting the industrialization of lignin-derived *** review classifies fossil-derived and biomass-derived CFs,starting from the sources and chemical structures of raw lignin,and outlines the preparation methods linked to the performance of lignin-derived CFs.A comprehensive discussion is presented on the relationship between the structural characteristics of lignin,spinning preparation,and structure-morphology-property of ligninderived ***,the potential applications of these materials in various domains,including energy,catalysis,composites,and other advanced products,are also described with the objective of spotlighting the unique merits of ***,the current challenges faced and future prospects for the advancement of lignin-derived CFs are proposed.

关键词： advanced materials carbon fibers chemical structure lignin valorization

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Dynamic Analysis of Uniformity and Difference for Grid-following and Grid-forming Voltage Source Converters Using Phasor and Topological Homology Methods

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2025年第1期13卷 3-14页

作者： Haiyu Zhao Hongyu Zhou Wei Yao Qihang Zong Jinyu Wen IEEE State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Grid-following voltage source converter(GFLVSC) and grid-forming voltage source converter(GFM-VSC) have different dynamic characteristics for active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage supports of the power grid. This paper aims to clarify and recognize the difference between gridfollowing(GFL) and grid-forming(GFM) frequency-voltage support more intuitively and clearly. Firstly, the phasor model considering circuit constraints is established based on the port circuit equations of the converter. It is revealed that the voltage and active power linearly correspond to the horizontal and vertical axes in the phasor space referenced to the grid voltage phasor. Secondly, based on topological homology, GFL and GFM controls are transformed and mapped into different trajectories. The topological similarity of the characteristic curves for GFL and GFM controls is the essential cause of their uniformity. Based on the above model, it is indicated that GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC possess uniformity with regard to active power response, type of coupling, and phasor trajectory. They differ in synchronization, power coupling mechanisms, dynamics, and active power-voltage operation domain in the quasi-steady state. Case studies are undertaken on GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC integrated into a four-machine two-area system. Simulation results verify that the dynamic uniformity and difference of GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC are intuitively and comprehensively revealed.

关键词： Couplings Grid following Power system dynamics Voltage Mathematical models Trajectory Synchronization Voltage control Frequency synchronization Grid forming

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A data-driven rolling optimization method for trajectory tracking error prediction of CNC machine tools

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science China(Technological sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 270-285页

作者： Yinxin GUAN Jixiang YANG Shizhong TAN Han DING School of Mechanical Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The dynamic performance of the feed-drive system in CNC machine tools directly influences the accuracy of machined *** enhance the motion control performance of CNC machine tools,a high-precision model of the feed-drive system is ***,current modeling methods for feed-drive systems seldom consider time-varying factors such as loads,wear,and *** a result,the model accuracy degrades when the system characteristics are affected by these time-varying *** this paper,a rolling optimization method with partial weights frozen is developed to realize quick iterative learning of a data-driven model for a feed drive system with time-varying characteristics using a small amount of ***,the long short-term memory fully connected(LSTM-FC)network is built and divided into feature extraction and output fitting parts based on their ***,a weight freezing-based rolling optimization method is *** weights in the feature extraction part are frozen,which preserves the learned common knowledge and patterns by solidifying the way that high-dimensional features are extracted from the *** adjusting the weights in the output fitting part,the extracted highdimensional features are remapped to the new data distribution changed by time-varying ***,the performance of the developed rolling optimization method is confirmed by *** results show that the proposed rolling optimization method reduces the maximum prediction errors by 49.5%and the total training time by 96.3%compared with existing methods,which demonstrates that the proposed method can restore model accuracy when the system characteristics change due to timevarying factors,and significantly accelerate the optimization process by rolling optimization.

关键词： rolling optimization feed-drive system data-driven time-varying machine tool

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