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A protocol for structured illumination microscopy with minimal reconstruction artifacts

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生物物理学报 2019年第2期5卷 80-90页

作者： Junchao Fan Xiaoshuai Huang Liuju Li Shan Tan Liangyi Chen Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education of China School of Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular MedicineInstitute of Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100084 China

The imaging rate of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) reached 188 Hz *** the exposure time decreases,the camera detects fewer virtual photons,while the noise level remains the *** a result,the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreases ***,the SNR decreases further because of photobleaching and *** decreased quality of SIM raw data may lead to surprising artifacts with various causes,which may confuse a new user of SIM *** summarize three significant possible sources of severe artifacts in reconstructed super-resolution (SR) *** motion of a biological sample or an uneven illumination pattern is the most difficult to be *** estimated parameter could also be incorrect,leading to artifact of regular ***,reconstruction with the Wiener method generates stochastic artifacts due to the amplification of noise during the deconvolution *** deal with these problems,we have established a protocol to reconstruct ultrafast SIM raw data obtained in low SNR ***,we checked the quality of the raw data with the imageJ plugin SIMcheck before ***,a modified parameter estimation method was used to improve the precision of the ***,an iterative algorithm was used for SIM reconstruction under low signal-to-noise ratio *** procedure effectively suppressed the artifacts in the super-resolution images reconstructed from raw data of low signal-to-noise ratio.

关键词： Ultrafast SIM Low signal-to-noise ratio Reconstruction

Fault Diagnosis of SOFC Stack Based on Neural Network Algorithm

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 1798-1803页

作者： Tao Xue Xiaolong Wu Yuanwu Xu Suwen Jing Zehua Li Jianhua Jiang Zhonghua Deng Xiaowei Fu Li Xi School of Automation Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430074 China College of Computer Science and Technology Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China

To realize the commercialization of SOFC, it must be ensured that it can work efficiently and stably. SOFC fault diagnosis becomes an essential part of the research. Due to the strong coupling of faults in the stack, this paper uses neural network algorithm to detect and diagnose faults. The simulation results verify that through the diagnosis of the test sample, the recognition rate of the test sample by the network is found to be 95%, which explains the neural network fault diagnosis model established in this paper on identifying the normal working state of the stack, the electrode stacking of the stack, and the gas leakage fault of the stack has good effectiveness and accuracy.

关键词： SOFC fault diagnosis neural network

Optimize TSK fuzzy systems for big data classification problems: Bag of tricks

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Cui, Yuqi Wu, Dongrui Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy systems are flexible and interpretable machine learning models;however, they may not be easily applicable to big data problems, especially when the size and the dimensionality of the data are both large. This paper proposes a mini-batch gradient descent (MBGD) based algorithm to efficiently and effectively train TSK fuzzy systems for big data classification problems. It integrates three novel techniques: 1) uniform regularization (UR), which is a regularization term added to the loss function to make sure the rules have similar average firing levels, and hence better generalization performance;2) random percentile initialization (RPI), which initializes the membership function parameters efficiently and reliably;and, 3) batch normalization (BN), which extends BN from deep neural networks to TSK fuzzy systems to speedup the convergence and improve generalization. Experiments on nine datasets from various application domains, with varying size and feature dimensionality, demonstrated that each of UR, RPI and BN has its own unique advantages, and integrating all three together can achieve the best classification performance. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gradient methods

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) based multi-view classification: An overview

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Guo, Chenfeng Wu, Dongrui The Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Multi-view learning (MVL) is a strategy for fusing data from different sources or subsets. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is very important in MVL, whose main idea is to map data from different views onto a common space with maximum correlation. Traditional CCA can only be used to calculate the linear correlation of two views. Besides, it is unsupervised and the label information is wasted. Many nonlinear, supervised, or generalized extensions have been proposed to overcome these limitations. However, to our knowledge, there is no overview for these approaches. This paper provides an overview of many representative CCA-based MVL approaches. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Correlation methods

EEG-Based driver drowsiness estimation using feature weighted episodic training

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Cui, Yuqi Xu, Yifan Wu, Dongrui Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Drowsy driving is pervasive, and also a major cause of traffic accidents. Estimating a driver's drowsiness level by monitoring the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and taking preventative actions accordingly may improve driving safety. However, individual differences among different drivers make this task very challenging. A calibration session is usually required to collect some subject-specific data and tune the model parameters before applying it to a new subject, which is very inconvenient and not user-friendly. Many approaches have been proposed to reduce the calibration effort, but few can completely eliminate it. This paper proposes a novel approach, feature weighted episodic training (FWET), to completely eliminate the calibration requirement. It integrates two techniques: feature weighting to learn the importance of different features, and episodic training for domain generalization. Experiments on EEG-based driver drowsiness estimation demonstrated that both feature weighting and episodic training are effective, and their integration can further improve the generalization performance. FWET does not need any labelled or unlabelled calibration data from the new subject, and hence could be very useful in plugand-play brain-computer interfaces. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces Are Vulnerable to Backdoor Attacks

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Research Square

Research Square 2021年

作者： Meng, Lubin Huang, Jian Zeng, Zhigang Jiang, Xue Yu, Shan Jung, Tzyy-Ping Lin, Chin-Teng Chavarriaga, Ricardo Wu, Dongrui Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China La Jolla CA United States Center for Advanced Neurological Engineering Institute of Engineering in Medicine UCSD La Jolla CA United States Centre of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia ZHAW DataLab Zürich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur8401 Switzerland

Research and development of electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have advanced rapidly, partly due to the wide adoption of sophisticated machine learning approaches for decoding the EEG signals. However, recent studies have shown that machine learning algorithms are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, e.g., the attacker can add tiny adversarial perturbations to a test sample to fool the model, or poison the training data to insert a secret backdoor. Previous research has shown that adversarial attacks are also possible for EEG-based BCIs. However, only adversarial perturbations have been considered, and the approaches are theoretically sound but very difficult to implement in practice. This article proposes to use narrow period pulse for poisoning attack of EEG-based BCIs, which is more feasible in practice and has never been considered before. One can create dangerous backdoors in the machine learning model by injecting poisoning samples into the training set. Test samples with the backdoor key will then be classified into the target class specified by the attacker. What most distinguishes our approach from previous ones is that the backdoor key does not need to be synchronized with the EEG trials, making it very easy to implement. The effectiveness and robustness of the backdoor attack approach is demonstrated, highlighting a critical security concern for EEG-based BCIs. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Electroencephalography

A Simple Method for Adjusting Relaxivity of Contrast Agent

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A Simple Method for Adjusting Relaxivity of Contrast Agent

作者： Yapeng Zhang Wenzhong Liu School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can work as contrast agents, whose relaxivities are important properties affecting the enhancement effect of magnetic resonance imaging. In this paper, we adopt a simple method to adjust the relaxivity of the contrast agent. Two kinds of magnetic nanoparticles reagents with different sizes and different relaxivities are selected and mixed in different proportions. It is found that the relaxivities of the mixed samples are between those of the two unmixed original samples. Therefore, we can easily obtain the contrast agent with desired relaxivity by this simple weighted calculation and mixing, and the r/r ratio can also be adjusted.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle MRI contrast agent Relaxation mechanism Relaxivity

Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Physiological Computing: A Systematic Review

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Dongrui Xu, Jiaxin Fang, Weili Zhang, Yi Yang, Liuqing Xu, Xiaodong Luo, Hanbin Yu, Xiang The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China The School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The College of Public Administration Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States The School of Management and Sino European Institute for Intellectual Property Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Physiological computing uses human physiological data as system inputs in real time. It includes, or significantly overlaps with, brain-computer interfaces, affective computing, adaptive automation, health informatics, and physiological signal based biometrics. Physiological computing increases the communication bandwidth from the user to the computer, but is also subject to various types of adversarial attacks, in which the attacker deliberately manipulates the training and/or test examples to hijack the machine learning algorithm output, leading to possible user confusion, frustration, injury, or even death. However, the vulnerability of physiological computing systems has not been paid enough attention to, and there does not exist a comprehensive review on adversarial attacks to them. This paper fills this gap, by providing a systematic review on the main research areas of physiological computing, different types of adversarial attacks and their applications to physiological computing, and the corresponding defense strategies. We hope this review will attract more research interests on the vulnerability of physiological computing systems, and more importantly, defense strategies to make them more secure. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

Modeling and simulation of temperature distribution for planar cross-flow solid oxide fuel cell

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 1585-1590页

作者： Yuan-wu Xu Xiao-long Wu Hang You Tao Xue Dong-qi Zhao Jian-hua Jiang Zhong-hua Deng Xiao-wei Fu Li Xi School of Automation Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science & Technology in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057 China

Solid oxide fuel cell is a device that can convert chemical energy directly into electricity. Its advantages, such as high efficiency, low emission, quiet operation, fuel flexibility, bring about the broad application prospect. However, it is difficult to obtain the temperature distribution in the existing planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell through the experiment. In this paper, a control orient two-dimensional differential equation model is established for a planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell based on the finite node method, and an iterative algorithm for calculating the real time voltage of the fuel cell is proposed for the model. Based on the model, the temperature distribution of the fuel cell in the test and system configuration is simulated. The simulation results show that the model can reflect the thermoelectric characteristics of the planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell, especially the temperature distribution of the fuel cell. The SOFC temperature distribution modeling in this paper is helpful for the development of temperature distribution observers and design related control methods in later studies.

关键词： modeling simulation temperature distribution planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell