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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Jia Li, Shaochen Yang, Yandong Fan, Lingyun Qin, Weichao Su, Limin Zhao, Yuanhui Li, Chao State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery School of Environment Northeast Normal University Jilin Changchun130117 China

The photochemical behaviors of chiral pollutants in aqueous solutions are rarely studied using chiral monomers, which may hamper their precise risk assessment and lead to suspicious conclusions. In this study, we systematically investigated the phototransformation behavior and toxicity evolution of two widely used chiral pesticides (triadimefon (TF) and triadimenol (TN)) at enantiomer and diastereomer levels, and proposed a calculation method of total photolysis rate constants of chiral mixture. Results show that TF and TN could be photodegraded faster in pure water than in natural waters, and the observed photolysis rate constants (kobs) of TN with two chiral centers exhibit enantioselectivity, i.e., kobs(TN-RS) = kobs(TN-SR) > kobs(TN-RR) = kobs(TN-SS). The photolysis of TF and TN mainly occurs through their excited singlet and triplet states, respectively. Their photodegradation pathways mainly include dechlorination and elimination of triazole ring. TF could also undergo ether bond cleavage. It is also found that, both TF and TN exhibit photo-induced toxicity to V. fischeri, due to the generation of more toxic products than parent compounds. Furthermore, TN exhibits enantioselective photo-induced toxicity after 240-min irradiation, which could be ascribed to the formation of chiral products. These results could benefit the understanding of enantioselective environmental behavior of chiral pollutants. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photolysis

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Identification of important precursors and theoretical toxicity evaluation of byproducts driving cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in chlorination

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 125-137页

作者： Qian-Yuan Wu Yi-Jun Yan Yao Lu Ye Du Zi-Fan Liang Hong-Ying Hu Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyGraduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen 518055China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Chlorination,the most widely used disinfection process for water treatment,is unfortunately always accompanied with the formation of hazardous disinfection byproducts(DBPs).Various organic matter species,like natural organic matter(NOM)and amino acids,can serve as precursors of DBPs during chlorination but it is not clear what types of organic matter have higher potential *** regulation of DBPs such as trihalomethanes has received much attention,further investigation of the DBPs driving toxicity is *** study aimed to identify the important precursors of chlorination by measuring DBP formation from NOM and amino acids,and to determine the main DBPs driving toxicity using a theoretical toxicity evaluation of contributions to the cytotoxicity index(CTI)and genotoxicity index(GTI).The results showed that NOM mainly formed carbonaceous DBPs(CDBPs),such as trichloromethane,while amino acids mainly formed nitrogenous DBPs(N-DBPs),such as dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN).Among the DBPs,DCAN had the largest contribution to the toxicity index and might be the main driver of *** the precursors,aspartic acid and asparagine gave the highest DCAN concentration(200 g/L)and the highest CTI and ***,aspartic acid and asparagine are important precursors for toxicity and their concentrations should be reduced as much as possible before chlorination to minimize the formation of *** chlorination of NOM,tryptophan,and asparagine solutions with different chlorine doses and reaction times,changes in the CTI and GTI were consistent with changes in the DCAN concentration.

关键词： Chlorination Dichloroacetonitrile Aspartic acid Asparagine Toxicity index

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Self‑Generated Buried Submicrocavities for High‑Performance Near‑Infrared Perovskite Light‑Emitting Diode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第8期15卷 355-367页

作者： Jiong Li Chenghao Duan Qianpeng Zhang Chang Chen Qiaoyun Wen Minchao Qin Christopher C.S.Chan Shibing Zou Jianwu Wei Zuo Xiao Chuantian Zuo Xinhui Lu Kam Sing Wong Zhiyong Fan keyou Yan School of Environment and Energy State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and RecyclingSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510000People’s Republic of China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloon 999077Hong KongPeople’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004People’s Republic of China Center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China

ABSTRACT Embedding submicrocavities is an effective approach to improve the light out-coupling efficiency(LOCE)for planar perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs).In this work,we employ phenethylammonium iodide(PEAI)to trigger the Ostwald ripening for the downward recrystallization of perovskite,resulting in spontaneous formation of buried submicrocavities as light output *** simulation suggests the buried submicrocavities can improve the LOCE from 26.8 to 36.2%for near-infrared ***,PeLED yields peak external quantum efficiency(EQE)increasing from 17.3%at current density of 114 mA cm^(−2)to 25.5%at current density of 109 mA cm^(−2)and a radiance increasing from 109 to 487 W sr^(−1)m^(−2)with low *** turn-on voltage decreased from 1.25 to 1.15 V at 0.1 W sr^(−1)m^(−2).Besides,downward recrystallization process slightly reduces the trap density from 8.90×10^(15)to 7.27×10^(15)cm^(−3).This work provides a self-assembly method to integrate buried output coupler for boosting the performance of PeLEDs.

关键词： Perovskite light-emitting diodes Downward recrystallization Buried submicrocavities Light out-coupling efficiency Radiative recombination

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Combined Toxicity of Microplastics with Different Sizes and Lead on Zebrafish Through Gut-Liver and Gut-Brain Axes

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yu, Jing Chen, Ling Wu, Bing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing Normal University Nanjing210023 China

Microplastics (MPs) can adsorb heavy metals, inducing combined toxicity to aquatic organisms. However, the combined effects of MPs and heavy metals on gut-liver and gut-brain axes are not fully understood. Thus, the combined effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) with two concentrations (20 and 200 μg/L) and three sizes (0.1, 10, and 250 μm) and Pb (50 μg/L) on the gut-liver and gut-brain axes of zebrafish were investigated. Results demonstrated that combined exposures of 0.1 μm PS-MPs and Pb resulted in the most dramatic changes to gut microbial community diversity. The expression of zo-1 and occludin were significantly down-regulated in 0.1 μm and 250 μm PS-MPs combined exposures. The lipopolysaccharide content significantly increased in the liver of 0.1 μm and 250 μm PS-MP combined groups than PS-MPs or Pb alone exposures, indicating impaired gut barrier function. Subsequent studies revealed that 0.1 μm and 250 μm PS-MP combined groups induced liver inflammation through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Meanwhile, all exposure groups had an impact on the expression of genes related to bile acid metabolism (cyp7a1, fgf19, abcb11b, and slc10a2) and neurotransmitters (tph1a, tph2, pink, and trh). This study sheds new light on the understanding of the toxicity mechanism of MPs and metal. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microplastic

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高效稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池中非晶和缺陷表面的重构

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Science China Materials 2023年第4期66卷 1323-1331页

作者：谢江生赵生合杭鹏杰陈甜温彬尹奇欣韦世宸朱升财余学功秦敏超路新慧严克友许建斌高平奇 School of Materials Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China Institute for Solar Energy Systems Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Environment and Energy State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devicesand National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and EquipmentSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

钙钛矿太阳能电池的表界面性质是影响器件效率和稳定性的关键性因素.本文中,我们首次发现空穴传输层中的添加剂4-叔丁基吡啶(tBP)可以将钙钛矿非晶态和缺陷表面层进行重结晶,并且钝化晶粒表面的缺陷位点.该重构可使钙钛矿的表面功函数增... 详细信息

钙钛矿太阳能电池的表界面性质是影响器件效率和稳定性的关键性因素.本文中,我们首次发现空穴传输层中的添加剂4-叔丁基吡啶(tBP)可以将钙钛矿非晶态和缺陷表面层进行重结晶,并且钝化晶粒表面的缺陷位点.该重构可使钙钛矿的表面功函数增大,降低了钙钛矿与空穴传输层之间的界面能级失配,提高了器件的光电压.进一步地,我们通过化学键合强度设计,开发了更有效的空穴传输层添加剂4-叔丁基哌啶(tBPp),它比tBP具有与钙钛矿表面缺陷位点更强的相互作用.得益于吸附能的增强,经tBPp重构的钙钛矿表面缺陷态密度降低,且在热、光、湿度的作用下稳定性更好.基于tBPp作为添加剂的钙钛矿电池最高效率达到了24.2%.在氮气气氛中进行最大功率点跟踪测试,未封装的设备在连续光照超过1200小时后几乎可以保持其初始效率.本工作全面揭示了空穴传输层中添加剂对于钙钛矿电池的效率和稳定性的重要性,并提供了系统和基础性理解.

关键词：钙钛矿太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪缺陷态密度空穴传输层键合强度高效稳定叔丁基表面层

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Remote sensing of H2O and HDO column based on Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy 1

Remote sensing of H2O and HDO column based on Fourier Transf...

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1st International Conference on Spatial Atmospheric Marine environmental Optics, SAME 2023

作者： Wu, Peng Shan, Changgong Wang, Wei Liu, Cheng Zhu, Qianqian Zeng, Xiangyu Liang, Bin Xie, Yu Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Precision Machinery and Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Automation Hefei University Hefei China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global environment Observation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510666337

The phase transition of water vapour is typically accompanied by a change in the water vapour isotopes. The dynamics, transpiration, and condensation of water vapour in the atmosphere can also be revealed by measuring water vapour isotopes in the atmosphere. This information is crucial for understanding the water cycle in the atmosphere. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is widely used to monitor atmospheric trace gases. This study is based on near-infrared solar absorption spectra collected by portable Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FTS) to observe the column concentration results of H2O and HDO. And the column isotope ratio δD is calculated by H2O and HDO results. The fitted root-mean-square errors (RMSE) of the spectral retrieval window of H2O and HDO were 0.107% and 0.175%, respectively. And the mean retrieval error for H2O and HDO was (0.59 ±0.21) % and (0.94 ±0.20) %, respectively. The calculated error of δD was 0.0035%, which shows a high level of observational accuracy. The time series of δD obtained from September 2016 to December 2017 with a varied in the range of -5.69% to -369.19%. And the lowest δD observed in January with a mean value of (-249.63 ± 32.35) % and the highest δD observed in July with a mean value of (-38.61 ± 2.43) %, the time series show a clear seasonal variation. The observations demonstrate the capability of the FTIR spectrometer to observe the stable isotope and isotope ratio δD of atmospheric water vapour with accuracy and precision. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Seasonal variation characteristics of hydroxyl radical pollution and its potential formation mechanism during the daytime in Lanzhou

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 58-64页

作者： Guoying Wang Shiming Jia Ruihong Li Shangrong Ma Xuefu Chen Zhijun Wu Gaofeng Shi Xiuli Niu School of Petrochemical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(Peking University) College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Gansu Food Inspection and Research Institute Lanzhou 730030China

Hydroxyl free radicals(OH radicals) play the main role in atmospheric chemistry and their involving reactions are the dominant rate determining step in the formation of secondary fine particulate matter and in the removal of air pollutants from the *** this paper,we studied the seasonal variation characteristics of OH radicals during the daytime in Lanzhou and explored the potential formation mechanism of high concentration OH *** found that the OH radicals in four seasons was 2.7×106,2.6×106,3.1×106, and2.2×106 cm-3,*** the rainfall was concentrated in summer,the wet deposition had a significant effect on removing OH *** the four pollutants(including ozone(O3),volatile organic compounds(VOCs),nitrogen dioxide(NO2) and fine particulate matter(PM2.5)),the variation of OH radicals were closely related to ozone concentration especially in spring and *** autumn,the correlation between PM2.5 and OH radicals were the closest among the observing pollutants and its formation mechanism was different conventional regeneration *** Event 1,high concentration of ozone was the main source of OH radicals;under the high humidity condition,except for ozone,the multiple factors including VOCs,NO2 and PM2.5 interplayed and leaded to the Event 2.

关键词： pollution ozone radicals

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Influence Pathways of Vanadium Stress to Microbial Community in Soil-Tailings-Groundwater Systems

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhou, Dan Xia, Yonglian Li, Chao Huang, Mingzheng Huang, Yi State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution College of Ecology and Environment Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu610059 China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu610059 China

The large-scale exploitation of vanadium (V) bearing minerals has led to a massive accumulation of V tailings. Although the mechanism of V stress to the microbial community have been reported, how V stress on the microbial communities at the same geographical location but in different depth of environmental media (e.g., groundwater and soil) is unknown and its influence pathway is also unclear. The dynamic redox conditions and substance exchange within the soil-tailings-groundwater system exhibited complex V stress on the regional microbial communities. In this study, the influence pathways of vanadium stress to microbial community in the soil-tailings-groundwater system were first investigated via geochemical and biological analysis. The results showed that V, Mn, and Fe were the primary metal contaminants in the groundwater and soil. The concentrations of most metals were higher at low elevations. Distinct microbial composition was observed among soils, tailings, and groundwater, in which soils had the highest level of microbial community diversity and richness. These phyla, including Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria, were dominant in all the three environmental media. Microbial communities could be affected by a variety of environmental factors including V, Cr, Fe, Mn, pH, OM, TOC, TN, and TP, among which V was the key driver. The pathways of V affecting microbial diversity and abundance in diverse environmental media were different. Groundwater microbial communities were influenced by V through Cr, DO, and TN, while Fe, Mn, and TP were the key mediators in soils. V was demonstrated as the key variable affecting the tailings reservoir microbial community by influencing metabolic pathways related to carbonaceous matter, which was involved in the establishment of survival strategy for metal stress. This study provides novel insights into the influencing pathway of V on the microorganisms in tailings reservoir and potential V reducing ba

关键词： Soils

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Enhancing the Fenton-Like Degradation of Organic Contaminants with Silicate-Iron in Aquifer Media by Ascorbic Acid

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yuan, Ying Shi, Junxiang Xie, Weisong Wang, Guangwei Wang, Yang Tang, Jun Lu, Haojie State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Guizhou Academy of Environmental Science and Design Guiyang550081 China Tianjin Branch Tianjin300450 China

In this study, silicate-iron (FeSi-ox, FeAlSi-ox) in aquifer media was utilized as an original iron source in groundwater to systematically investigate the effects of ascorbic acid on the degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) in the in-situ Fenton-like reaction. Silicate-iron in the aquifer media increased the PNP removal rate by activing H2O2 following the addition of ascorbic acid. The optimal removal rate of PNP was nearly 89% within 40 h, which was 6.8 times higher than that without ascorbic acid. In addition to PNP, some other common pollutants, such as nitrobenzene, trichloromethane, and trichloroethylene, can also be effectively degraded and mineralized. The suitable pH range for the silicate-iron Fenton-like system with ascorbic acid was 5-9, indicating that it is feasible in near-neutral or alkaline groundwater environments. The main functional free radicals were hydroxyl free radicals (•OH), which were produced slowly but continuously. In this novel Fenton-like system, dissolved Fe played a major role in H2O2 decomposition and pollutant degradation. The main mechanism underlying the increased strength of the degradation was the ability of ascorbic acid to facilitate the dissolution of surface Fe from aquifer media and accelerate the cycling of Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) in the liquid phase. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ascorbic acid

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Characterizing ammonia emission from light-duty gasoline vehicles under the influence of multiple factors and its correlation with conventional pollutants

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Science of the Total environment 2024年 945卷 173967页

作者： Jiang, Han Zhao, Haiguang Lai, Yitu Kang, Yu Cao, Yang Fu, Mingliang Ding, Yan State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Xiamen Environment Protection Vehicle Emission Control Technology Center Xiamen361023 China Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Ammonia (NH3), which is a precursor of secondary particulate matter (PM), can be produced through three-way catalyst (TWC) side reactions in light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs), posing a threat to human health and air quality. To explore ammonia emission characteristics, 8 LDGVs and 1 hybrid electric light-duty vehicle (HEV) with various mileages traveled were analyzed with a chassis dynamometer system during regulation driving cycles. The emission factors of the adopted China VI in-use LDGVs were 7.04 ± 2.61 mg/km under cold-start conditions and 4.94 ± 1.69 mg/km under hot-start conditions. With increasing mileage traveled, the total ammonia emissions increased, and the difference between the cold/hot-start results decreased. The emissions of in-use LDGVs with bi-fuel engines were analyzed, and more ammonia was generated in the compressed natural gas (CNG) mode through the hydrocarbon (HC) reforming reaction. The relationship between the emissions of ammonia and conventional pollutants was established. During the initial cold-start phase, a delay in ammonia formation was observed, and the ammonia emissions conformed with the CO and HC emissions after exhaust heating. Vehicle specific power (VSP) analysis revealed that the interval of highest ammonia emissions corresponded to acceleration events at high speeds. For the HEV, the transition from motor to engine drive conditions contributed to ammonia emission occurrence because of the more pronounced cold-start events. The use of HEV technology could introduce additional uncertainties in controlling urban ammonia emissions. Detailed analysis of emission characteristics could provide data support for future research on ammonia emission standards and control strategies for LDGVs. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Health risks

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