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A fine-scale atlas reveals the systematic imbalance between carbon emissions and economic benefits along value chain within China

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Science of the Total environment 2024年 957卷 177311页

作者： Xiong, Yiling Tian, Xin Kang, Ailin School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Current affiliation: School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

In efforts to achieve the aspiring carbon mitigation goals, China is actively seeking to reconcile the economic development and carbon reduction with diverse regional conditions. Here, we firstly integrated a national-wide atlas on the labor division of production, and decomposed value added and carbon emission along China's domestic value chain during 2007–2017. We found that the value chain roles lead to a systematic imbalance between value added and carbon emissions across regions. Over 70 % of sufferers of the inequality were located at the north, most of which were in the upstream position to supply resource and energy intermediate products of higher on-site emissions and relatively less value added in comparison to the downstream manufacturing and service products production at the coastal regions. As a result, the northern inland suffered a great deal while part of coastal regions and southern inland were beneficiaries in the participation in domestic value chain. In particular, several regions inevitably undertake industries with higher emission intensity and less gains in a sound domestic industrial chain. These strongly call for a systematically policy- or price-based mechanism to explore fair strategy for emission reduction. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Low emission

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Identify the contribution of vehicle non-exhaust emissions:a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer test case at typical road environment

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第5期17卷 117-128页

作者： Qijun Zhang Jiayuan Liu Ning Wei Congbo Song Jianfei Peng Lin Wu Hongjun Mao Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research&State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of Geography Earth and Environment Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

A single particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS)was used to accurately quantify the contribution of vehicle non-exhaust emissions to particulate matter at typical road *** PM_(2.5),black carbon,meteorological parameters and traffic flow were recorded during the test *** daily trend for traffic flow and speed on TEDA Street showed obvious“M”and“W”characteristics.6.3 million particles were captured via the SPAMS,including 1.3 million particles with positive and negative spectral map *** Metal,High molecular Organic Carbon,Organic Carbon,Mixed Carbon,Elemental Carbon,Rich Potassium,Levo-rotation Glucose,Rich Na,SiO_(3) and other categories were *** particle number concentration measured by SPAMS showed a good linear correlation with the mass concentrations of PM_(2.5) and BC,which indicates that the particulate matter captured by the SPAMS reflects the pollution level of fine particulate ***,ECOC,OC,HM and crustal dust components were found to show high values from 7:00–9:00 AM,showing that these chemical components are directly or indirectly related to vehicle *** on the PMF model,7 major factors are *** relative contributions of each factor were determined:vehicle exhaust emission(44.8%),coal-fired source(14.5%),biomass combustion(12.2%),crustal dust(9.4%),ship emission(9.0%),tires wear(6.6%)and brake pads wear(3.5%).The results show that the contribution of vehicle non-exhaust to particulate matter at roadside environment is approximately 10.1%.Vehicle non-exhaust emissions are the focus of future research in the vehicle pollutant emission control field.

关键词： Non-exhaust emissions SPAMS PMF Roadside environment

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Effects of straw returning on photochemical process and imidacloprid degradation in paddy water through a field experiment

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Carbon Research 2024年第1期3卷 1-12页

作者： Li, Mabo Zeng, Yu Fu, Qinglong Zhang, Mingyang Chen, Ning Wang, Yujun Zhou, Dongmei Fang, Guodong State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

Straw returning is an important strategy for effectively using straw resources to improve soil fertility and quality, but the effects of this process on reactive intermediates (RIs) formation in paddy water are not fully explored. In this study, we conducted a field experiment to explore the effects of straw returning on RIs formation including triplet chromophoric dissolved organic matter (3CDOM*), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and singlet oxygen (1O2) in paddy water. It was found that straw returning considerably increased the steady-state concentration of RIs, and the application of rice straw with 25% and 75% organic replacement ratio increased RIs concentration by 2.52 and 2.25 times, respectively. The optical spectroscopy, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) analysis and structural equation model showed that straw returning produces abundant humified and aromatic DOM containing fulvic acid, lignin and protein-like substances, which could induce more RIs under irradiation. In addition, straw returning significantly accelerated imidacloprid (IMD) degradation, yielding degradation products that were highly toxic to aquatic animals (i.e., fish and daphnia) but less toxic to aquatic plants (i.e., green algae). This study would offer an innovative viewpoint on the effects of straw returning on the photochemistry of paddy water and the naturally occurring abiotic degradation pathway of organic contaminants. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Aquatic organisms

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Coordinated control of Fine-Particle and Ozone pollution by the Substantial Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides

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Engineering 2022年第8期8卷 13-16页

作者： Biwu Chu Yan Ding Xiang Gao Junhua Li Tingyu Zhu Yunbo Yu Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012China State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

*** In recent years,the air quality in China has improved *** many cities,however,the concentration of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))remains higher than the secondary-level national ambient air quality standard(NAAQS level-2,35μg·m^(-3),GB3095-2012[1])and much higher than the first-level NAAQS(15μg·m^(-3),GB3095-2012[1])and the World Health Organization(WHO)air quality guidelines(5μg·m^(-3)).

关键词： pollution Ozone ambient

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Transformation of dissolved organic matter during groundwater arsenite removal using air cathode iron electrocoagulation

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Chemosphere 2024年 358卷 142083页

作者： Yuan, Ying Chen, Jiabao Zhang, Hao Wu, Yue Xiao, Yu Huang, Wan Wang, Yang Tang, Jun Zhang, Fang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China

Dissolve organic matters (DOM) usually showed negative effect on the removal of inorganic arsenic (As) in groundwater by electrochemical approaches, yet which parts of sub-component within DOM played the role was lack of evidence. Herein, we investigated the effects of land-source humic-like acid (HA) on groundwater As(III) removal using air cathode iron electrocoagulation, based on the parallel factor analysis of three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix and statistical methods. Our results showed that the land-source HA contained five kinds of components and all components presented significantly negative correlations with the removal of both As(III) and As(V). However, the high aromatic fulvic-like acid and low aromatic humic-like acid components of land-source HA presented the opposite correlations with the concentration of As(III) during the reaction. The high aromaticity fulvic-like components of land-source HA (Sigma-Aldrich HA, SAHA) produced during the reaction facilitated the oxidation of As(III) due to its high electron transfer capacities and good solubility in wide pH range, but the low aromaticity humic-like ones worked against the oxidation of As(III). Our findings offered the novel insights for the flexible activities of DOM in electron Fenton system. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Groundwater

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A review of the application of machine learning in water quality evaluation

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Eco-environment & Health 2022年第2期1卷 107-116页

作者： Mengyuan Zhu Jiawei Wang Xiao Yang Yu Zhang Linyu Zhang Hongqiang Ren Bing Wu Lin Ye State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

With the rapid increase in the volume of data on the aquatic environment,machine learning has become an important tool for data analysis,classification,and *** traditional models used in water-related research,data-driven models based on machine learning can efficiently solve more complex nonlinear *** water environment research,models and conclusions derived from machine learning have been applied to the construction,monitoring,simulation,evaluation,and optimization of various water treatment and management ***,machine learning can provide solutions for water pollution control,water quality improvement,and watershed ecosystem security *** this review,we describe the cases in which machine learning algorithms have been applied to evaluate the water quality in different water environments,such as surface water,groundwater,drinking water,sewage,and ***,we propose possible future applications of machine learning approaches to water environments.

关键词： Machine learning Water quality Evaluation Prediction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第4期34卷 396-401页

作者： Jingyang Luo Yuxiao Li Wenxuan Huang Feng Wang Shiyu Fang Xiaoshi Cheng Qian Feng Fang Fang Jiashun Cao Yang Wu Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The distinct influences of cephalosporins(CEPs, i.e., cefamandole nafate and cefpirome sulfate) affiliated to different generations on the volatile fatty acids(VFAs) production and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) fates during waste activated sludge(WAS) fermentation were unveiled. The presence of CEPs mainly exhibited negative effects on the total VFAs production(5%–15% reduction), especially the cefamandole nafate, which is quite different to previous understanding. Further investigation revealed that the CEPs contributed to the solubilization and hydrolysis but inhibited the acidification process by affecting the functional microbial populations(i.e., Tissierella) and general microbial metabolic activities(i.e., pyruvate metabolism and VFAs biosynthesis). In addition, CEPs(especially the cefpirome sulfate)caused the propagation of ARGs(i.e., bla TEM, tet X and mex F) during WAS fermentation. CEPs enhanced the cell membrane permeability to promote the antibiotics mechanism of efflux pump and the horizontal transfer of ARGs. Also, the CEPs altered the regulatory systems(i.e., two component system) and microbial populations associated with ARGs, resulting in the proliferation of specific ARGs. Overall, the dissimilarity of different CEPs impacts on the WAS fermentation for VFAs production and ARGs variations enlightened the diverse environmental behaviors of anthropogenic pollutants and evoked the caution of ecological risks.

关键词： Wasteactivated sludge(WAS) Cephalosporins(CEPs) Volatilefattyacids(VFAs) Antibiotic resistancegenes(ARGs) Geneticexpressions

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A MISR-Based Method for the Estimation of Particle Size Distribution:Comparison with AERONET over China

Journal of Remote Sensing

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Journal of Remote Sensing 2023年第1期3卷 97-109页

作者： Yanchuan Shao Riyang Liu Weihan Li Jun Bi Zongwei Ma State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingJiangsuChina

Aerosol particle size has a crucial impact on the environment and public *** satellite-based regression models focus on the total amount of particles and are limited by surface *** study proposes an algorithm to derive the long-term normalized volume size distribution(VSD)of aerosol particles,which is independent of ground *** size distribution and aerosol optical depth of Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer(MISR)components are *** find the estimated MISR VSD is consistent with Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET)observations,with R=0.56,0.54,0.59,and 0.68 for daily,monthly,seasonal,and annual *** stratified validations of radius,stations,and years further confirm the stable performance of derived VSD(R=0.28 to 0.73).The application of the random forest model demonstrates the potential improvements of predicted VSD by 10-fold cross-validation R=0.86 at the monthly *** apply MISR VSD to quantify the normalized volume of fractional aerosol particles at a resolution of 0.2°×0.2°during 2004 to 2016 in *** also calculate the proportion of small and medium particles to indicate the contribution of anthropogenic *** highest ratios are concentrated in the northeastern regions especially during winter while relatively lower in the Taklamakan Desert of western *** case study demonstrates that the application of MISR data can yield valuable and resolved size distributions of aerosol particles.

关键词： AERONET aerosol MISR

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Exogenous-organic-matter-driven mobilization of groundwater arsenic

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第3期15卷 106-120页

作者： Fan Feng Yonghai Jiang Yongfeng Jia Xinying Lian Changjian Shang Meng Zhao State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

The potential release capacity of arsenic(As)from sediment was evaluated under a high level of exogenous organic matter(EOM)with both bioreactive and chemically reactive organic matters(OMs).The OMs were characterized by FI,HIX,BIX,and SUVA254 fluorescence indices showing the biological activities were kept at a high level during the experimental *** the genus level,Fe/Mn/As-reducing bacteria(Geobacter,Pseudomonas,Bacillus,and Clostridium)and bacteria(Paenibacillus,Acidovorax,Delftia,and Sphingomonas)that can participate in metabolic transformation using EOM were *** reducing condition occurs which promoted As,Fe,and Mn releases at very high concentrations of ***,As release increased during the first 15-20 days,followed by a decline contributed by secondary iron *** degree of As release may be limited by the reactivity of Fe(hydro)*** EOM infiltration enhances As and Mn releases in aqueous conditions causing the risk of groundwater pollution,which could occur in specific sites such as landfills,petrochemical sites,and managed aquifer recharge projects.

关键词： Groundwater arsenic Exogenous organic matter Redox condition Secondary pollution risk

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Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第2期16卷 39-50页

作者： Yuan Cheng Qinqin Yu Jiumeng Liu Youwen Sun Linlin Liang Zhenyu Du Guannan Geng Wanli Ma Hong Qi Qiang Zhang Kebin He State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&CMA Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100029China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol(SIA)was investigated during a six-month long heating season in Harbin,*** sulfate formation was observed at high relative humidity(RH),with the same threshold RH(80%)for both colder and warmer measurement *** to wintertime results from Beijing,the threshold RH was considerably higher in Harbin,whereas the RH-dependent enhancement of sulfur oxidation ratio(SOR)was less *** addition,the high RH events were rarely encountered,and for other periods,the SOR were typically as low as~***,the sulfate formation was considered inefficient in this *** excluding the several cases with high RH,both SOR and the nitrogen oxidation ratio(NOR)exhibited increasing trends as the temperature increased,with the increase of NOR being *** nitrate to sulfate ratio tended to increase with increasing temperature as *** on a semi-quantitative approach,this trend was attributed primarily to the temperature-dependent variations of precursors including SO_(2) and NO_(2).The influence of biomass burning emissions on SIA formation was also *** stronger impact of biomass burning,an enhancement in NOR was observed whereas SOR was largely *** different patterns were identified as the dominant driver of the larger nitrate to sulfate ratios measured at higher concentrations of fine particulate matter.

关键词： Haze Sulfate Nitrate Heterogeneous chemistry Biomass burning

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