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Theory and test of underground explosions:Coupling rule between cratering and ground shock

Underground Space 2024年第4期17卷 146-160页

作者： Wei Guo Jie Li Benjun Shi Tianhan Xu Xiaohui Xu Gan Li Jie Shi State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China

Calculating the parameters of the ground shock induced by an underground explosion is a complex energy coupling *** is difficult to establish a unified ground shock coupling law from limited test *** paper summarizes the research results obtained at home and abroad and systematically analyzes the coupling mechanism of craters formed by an underground explosion and the ground *** differences between the concepts of"closed-explosion critical depth"and"equivalent closed-explosion critical depth"are clearly *** spreading of the ground shock energy is attributed to the explosive expansion of the air cavity,revealing a linear relationship between the volume of the cavity region(or the volume of the crack region)and the ground shock energy associated with the underground *** proportionality factor is related to the mechanical properties of the medium and is independent of the magnitude of the explosion *** on this,a theoretical calculation formula and conversion method for the ground shock coupling coefficient were *** tests were conducted in clay and Plexiglass under varying burial *** test results were consistent with the theoretically calculated *** study provides a theoretical basis for the design of explosion-resistant structures in underground engineering.

关键词： Underground explosion Ground shock coupling Coupling coefficient Equivalent closed explosion Experimental study

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Non-dimensional analysis on blast wave propagation in foam concrete:Minimum thickness to avoid stress enhancement

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 30-46页

作者： Ya Yang Xiangzhen Kong Qin Fang State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007JiangsuChina

Foam concrete is a prospective material in defense engineering to protect structures due to its high energy absorption capability resulted from the long plateau ***,stress enhancement rather than stress mitigation may happen when foam concrete is used as sacrificial claddings placed in the path of an incoming blast *** investigate this interesting phenomenon,a one-dimensional difference model for blast wave propagation in foam concrete is firstly proposed and numerically solved by improving the second-order Godunov *** difference model and numerical algorithm are validated against experimental results including both the stress mitigation and the stress *** difference model is then used to numerically analyze the blast wave propagation and deformation of material in which the effects of blast loads,stress-strain relation and length of foam concrete are *** particular,the concept of minimum thickness of foam concrete to avoid stress enhancement is ***,non-dimensional analysis on the minimum thickness is conducted and an empirical formula is proposed by curve-fitting the numerical data,which can provide a reference for the application of foam concrete in defense engineering.

关键词： Foam concrete Blast wave propagation Non-dimensional analysis Stress enhancement

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Effect of diagenetic variation on the static and dynamic mechanical behavior of coral reef limestone

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第7期34卷 893-908页

作者： Linjian Ma Jiajun Deng Mingyang Wang Jianping Wang Bin Fang Jiawen Wu State Key Laboratory of Explosion&Impact and Disaster Prevention&Mitigation Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China Naval Research Institute Beijing 100070China

Coral reef limestone at different depositional depths and facies differ remarkably on the textural and mineralogical characteristics,owing to the complex sedimentary *** explore the effects of pore structure and mineral composition associated with diagenetic variation on the mechanical behavior of reef limestone,a series of quasi-static and dynamic compression tests along with microscopic examinations were performed on the reef limestone at shallow and deep burial *** is revealed that the shallow reef limestone(SRL)is classified as a porous aragonite-type carbonate rock with high porosity(55.3±3.2)%and pore *** comparison,the deep reef limestone(DRL)is mainly composed of dense calcite-type calcium carbonate with low porosity(4.9±1.6)%and pore *** DRL strengthened and stiffened by the tight grain framework consistently displays much higher values of the dynamic compressive strength,elastic modulus,brittleness index,and specific energy absorption than those of the *** gap between two types of limestone further increases with an increase in strain *** appears that the failure pattern of SRL is dominated by the inherent defects like weak bonding interfaces and growth lines,revealed by the intricate fracturing network and mixed ***,although the preexisting megapores in DRL may affect the crack propagation on pore tips to a certain distance,it hardly alters the axial splitting failure of DRL under *** stress wave propagation and attenuation in SRL is primarily controlled by the reflection and diffusion caused by plenty mesopores,as well as an energy dissipation in layer-wise pore collapse and adjacent grain crushing,while the stress wave in DRL is highly hinged on the insulation and diffraction induced by the isolated *** process is accompanied by the energy dissipation behavior of inelastic deformation resulted from the pore-emanated microcracking.

关键词： Reef limestone Dynamic behavior Mineral composition Pore structure Wave propagation Energy dissipation

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Experimental study on the irreversible displacement evolution and energy dissipation characteristics of disturbance instability of regular joints

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2023年第1期2卷 20-36页

作者： Jianan Yang Pengxian Fan Mingyang Wang Jie Li Lu Dong State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjingChina

To investigate the disturbance-induced shear instability mechanism of structural catastrophe in the deep rock mass,MTS 815 material testing machine was used to carry out quasi-static loading tests and disturbance shear tests on symmetrical regular dentate joints of two materials at three undulation angles under specific initial static stress,disturbance frequency,and peak *** test results indicate that:(i)the total ultimate instability displacement is only related to the intrinsic properties of the joints but not to the initial static stress and disturbance parameters;(ii)the cumulative irreversible displacement required for the disturbance instability conforms to the logistic inverse function relationship with the number of disturbances,displaying the variation trend of“rapid increase in the front,stable in the middle,and sudden increase in the rear”;(iii)the accumulation of plastic deformation energy is consistent with the evolution law of irreversible displacement of joints and the overall proportion of hysteretic energy is not large;(iv)the dissipated energy required for the instability of each group of joints is basically the same under various disturbance conditions,and this energy is mainly controlled by the initial shear stress and has no connection with the disturbance *** stability of the total disturbance deformation and the disturbance energy law of the joints revealed in the tests provide data support for reasonably determining the disturbance instability criterion of joints.

关键词： coupled static-dynamic loading instability energy irreversible displacement joints stability

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Assessment of ultra-high tensile-strength polyurea for underground roof fall support: Insights from work of adhesion

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Geohazard Mechanics 2025年第1期3卷 28-41页

作者： Hou, Bobin Xing, Haozhe Yue, Songlin Zhang, Zhongwei Qiu, Yanqyu Wang, Mingyang State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing 210007 China

Underground mining often faces the threat of roof fall disaster. As a new type of supporting technology, thin spray-on liner (TSL) has gained an increasing attention in underground mining due to its notable tensile strength, elongation capability, and bond strength with rock surfaces. To evaluate the roof fall support performance of TSL based on a novel ultra-high tensile-strength polyurea, tensile adhesive strength between polyurea and rock substrates were tested under different thicknesses, curing conditions, substrate strength, primer and coating method. Meanwhile, this study proposed a new testing method for dynamic tensile adhesive strength between TSL material and rock. The results indicate that the adhesive strength is inversely proportional to the square root of the coating thickness. When the curing time exceeds 7 days, the adhesive strength remains relatively constant. As the curing temperature/humidity increases, the adhesive strength gradually increases. But when the humidity exceeds 70%, the adhesive strength significantly decreases. Since the soft rock has the tensile strength that even lower than the adhesive strength, polyurea-based TSL is more suitable for harder rock from the perspective of adhesive strength. The application of a primer significantly improves the tensile adhesive strength more than 10 MPa. When the coating thickness is less than 2 mm, the adhesive strength of sprayed polyurea is significantly higher than that of brushed polyurea. Dynamic adhesive strength exhibits an insignificant loading rate effect with DIF ranging from 1.05 to 1.34. Based on the adhesion results, a supporting model was established, assessing the capability of supporting roof loose rock mass by polyurea-based TSL. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Adhesion strength Polyurea Rock support Roof fall Thin spray-on liner

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Experimental and numerical simulation of the attenuation effect of blast shock waves in tunnels at different altitudes

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 120-141页

作者： Changjiang Liu Hujun Li Zhen Wang Yong He Guokai Zhang Mingyang Wang School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact People's Liberation Army Engineering UniversityNanjing 210014China

Traffic engineering such as tunnels in various altitudinal gradient zone are at risk of accidental explosion,which can damage personnel and *** prediction of the distribution pattern of explosive loads and shock wave propagation process in semi-enclosed structures at various altitude environment is key research focus in the fields of explosion shock and fluid *** effect of altitude on the propagation of shock waves in tunnels was investigated by conducting explosion test and numerical *** on the experimental and numerical simulation results,a prediction model for the attenuation of the peak overpressure of tunnel shock waves at different altitudes was *** results showed that the peak overpressure decreased at the same measurement points in the tunnel entrance under the high altitude *** contrast,an increase in altitude accelerated the propagation speed of the shock wave in the *** average error between the peak shock wave overpressure obtained using the overpressure prediction formula and the measured test data was less than15%,the average error between the propagation velocity of shock waves predicted values and the test data is less than 10%.The method can effectively predict the overpressure attenuation of blast wave in tunnel at various altitudes.

关键词： Shock wave propagation Tunnel Altitude effect Peak overpressure Shock waves velocity Engineering safety

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High-velocity projectile penetration test and theoretical calculation of pseudo fluid penetration of calcareous sand

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第12期42卷 105-115页

作者： Wei Guo Yanyu Qiu Mingyang Wang State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

To explore the penetration resistance of calcareous sand media,penetration tests have been conducted in the velocity range of 200-1000 m/s using conical-nosed projectiles with a diameter of 14.5 ***,a pseudo fluid penetration model applicable to the penetration of rigid projectiles in sand media is established according to the approximate flow of compacted sand in the adjacent zone of *** correlation between the impedance function of projectile-target interaction and the internal friction features of pseudo fluid is clarified,and the effects of sand density,cone angle of nose-shaped projectile,and dynamic hardness on the penetration depth are *** results verify the feasibility,wide applicability,and much lower error(with respect to the experimental data)of the proposed model as compared to the Slepyan hydrodynamic model.

关键词： Calcareous sand Penetration tests Slepyan hydrodynamic model Internal friction penetration model

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Blast responses of polyurea retrofitted utility tunnel reinforced with basalt fibre reinforced polymer bars

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第5期18卷 755-771页

作者： Jian-nan Zhou Xiao-shuo Chen Yin-zhi Zhou Wen-ye Wang Peng Wang Xin-li Kong Ying Xu Han-sheng Geng Feng-nian Jin State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing210007China

Polyurea coating and carbon fibre reinforced polymer reinforcing techniques were applied to retrofit a severely damaged urban utility tunnel(UUT).The blast responses of the retrofitted UUT were investigated through in-filed explosion experimental tests,and the displacements,strains,accelerations,and damage were *** retrofitted UUT exhibited comparable or even better blast resistance than the intact *** the polyurea coating was flexible,it exhibited excellent performance in improving the blast resistance of the damaged *** the UUT reinforced with basalt fibre reinforce polymer(BFRP)bars has smaller damage compared with the UUT reinforced with steel bars,its retrofitting is simple,and the cost is *** roof was simplified as an elastically simple support one-way *** beam theory was adopted to analyse the dynamic responses of UUT roof considering the interaction between soil and structure,which agree well with the experiments in the first three cases.

关键词： Urban utility tunnel Retrofitting Polyurea CFRP explosion

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Modeling the blast load induced by a close-in explosion considering cylindrical charge parameters

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第6期24卷 83-108页

作者： Yi Fan Li Chen Zhan Li Heng-bo Xiang Qin Fang State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of the PLANanjingJiangsu210007China Engineering Research Center of Safety and Protection of Explosion&Impact of the Ministry of Education Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu211189China

Structural damage is significantly influenced by the various parameters of a close-in *** establish a close-in blast loading model for cylindrical charges according to these parameters,a series of field experiments and a systematic numerical analysis were conducted.A high-fidelity finite element model developed using AUTODYN was first validated using blast data collected from field tests conducted in this and previous studies.A quantitative analysis was then performed to determine the influence of the charge shape,aspect ratio(length to diameter),orientation,and detonation configuration on the characteristics and distributions of the blast loading(incident peak overpressure and impulse)according to scaled *** results revealed that the secondary peak overpressure generated by a cylindrical charge was mainly distributed along the axial direction and was smaller than the overpressure generated by an equivalent spherical *** effects of charge shape on the blast loading at 45°and 67.5°in the axial plane could be neglected at scaled distances greater than 2 m/kg^(1/3);the effect of aspect ratios greater than 2 on the peak overpressure in the 90°(radial)direction could be neglected at all scaled distances;and double-end detonation increased the radial blast loading by up to 60%compared to singleend ***,an empirical cylindrical charge blast loading model was developed considering the influences of charge aspect ratio,orientation,and detonation *** results obtained in this study can serve as a reference for the design of blast tests using cylindrical charges and aid engineers in the design of blast-resistant structures.

关键词： Cylindrical charge Secondary peak overpressure Aspect ratio Orientation Detonation initiation point Blast loading model

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Modified Sadowski formula-based model for the slope shape amplification effect under multistage slope blasting vibration

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 631-641页

作者： Xiaogang Wu Mingyang Wang Hao Lu Yongjun Zhang Wen Nie State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China State Key Laboratory of Metal Mine Safety and Health Ma’anshan 243000China School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China

Blasting operations,which are crucial to open-pit mine production due to their simplicity and efficiency,require precise control through accurate vibration velocity *** conventional Sadowski formula mainly focuses on blast center distance but neglects the amplification effect of blasting vibration waves by terraced terrain,from which the calculated blasting vibration velocities are smaller than the actual values,affecting the safety of the *** address this issue,our model introduces the influences of slope and time into Sadowski formula to measure safety through blast vibration *** the northern section of the open-pit quartz mine in Jinchang City,Gansu Province,China,the data of a continuous blasting slope project are referred *** findings reveal a noticeable vibration amplification effect during blasting when a multi-stage slope platform undergoes a sudden cross-sectional change near the upper overhanging *** amplification vibration coefficient increases with height,while vibration waves within rocks decrease from bottom to ***,platforms without distinct crosssectional changes exhibit no pronounced amplification during *** addition,the vibration intensity decreases with distance as the rock height difference change *** results obtained by the proposed blast vibration displacement equation incorporating slope shape influence closely agree with real-world *** to Pearson correlation coefficient(PPMCC)analysis,the average accuracy rate of our model is 88.84%,which exceeds the conventional Sadowski formula(46.92%).

关键词： Multistage slope Slope shape influence factor Continuous blasting Sadowski formula Amplification effect

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