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Radical involved reactive wetting and retarding mechanism of alumina refractory ceramic by molten slags under weak static magnetic field

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1355-1366页

作者： Sheng-hao Li Ao Huang Fan-bo Zeng Hui Peng Hao-ran Wei Xue-chun Huang Sheng-qiang Song Hua-zhi Gu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

High alumina slag will cause severe corrosion at the interface of alumina refractory,and the wetting behavior of slag is a key factor influencing the corrosion resistance of refractory *** static magnetic field is a promising solution for improvement in the slag resistance of *** wetting of alumina refractory ceramics with different basicities of high alumina slags under a weak static magnetic field was analyzed,given that a weak static magnetic field can affect the corrosion behavior of refractory *** slag S_(3) as an example,when there was an external static magnetic field of 1.0 mT at 1600 ℃,the thickness of calcium aluminate reaction layer at the interface decreased by 36.7%,the denting depth of interface decreased by 35.6%,and the apparent wetting angle increased by 20%.The living radicals and their formation path in oxide melts were verified by first-principles calculation combined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy *** influence of the flux density of a weak static magnetic field on the wetting behavior of slags was also *** contact angle of the slags increased owing to the inhibitory effect of magnetic field on the radicalinvolved reaction at the interface of the slag and the alumina refractory *** relationships between the magnetic flux density,diffusion coefficient,slag microstructure(hyperfine coupling constant),and contact angle were *** provides a theoretical basis for the field control of radical involved reactive wetting between inorganic oxide slags and solid oxide ceramics.

关键词： Alumina refractory ceramic Molten slag Weak magnetic field effect Reactive wetting Free radical

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Preparation of silver nanoparticles through the reduction of straw-extracted lignin and its antibacterial hydrogel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 504-514页

作者： Lou Zhang Shuo Li Fu Tang Jingkai Zhang Yuetong Kang Hean Zhang Lidong Li State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial ***,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water *** this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing *** analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag *** surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their *** the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite *** inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag *** prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.

关键词： silver nanoparticles hydrogel straw extraction antibacterial

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Effect of nano-graphite on mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of ZrB_(2)-SiC-graphite electrode ceramics

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1502-1513页

作者： Bo-lin Yang Chang-liu Kuang Zheng-long Liu Chao Yu Cheng-ji Deng Jun Ding The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

ZrB_(2)-based ceramic composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering using ZrB_(2) powder prepared by molten salt method as raw material and SiC and nano-graphite as *** effects of nano-graphite addition on the physical properties and oxidation resistance of ZrB_(2)-based ceramic samples were *** results show that the addition of an appropriate amount of nano-graphite can effectively improve the density of ZrB_(2)-based ceramic composites and improve the physical properties of the *** flexural strength of the ceramic sample with 8 vol.%nano-graphite reached 418.54 MPa,which was 53.14% higher than that of ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramic material(273.31 MPa),and its oxidation resistance was also significantly *** demonstrats that the addition of an appropriate amount of nano-graphite can effectively improve the physical properties and oxidation resistance of ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramic *** prolonging its service life in application and promoting the development of ZrB_(2)-based ceramic composites,it is of great significance for clean steel smelting.

关键词： ZrB_(2)-SiC-graphite electrode ceramic ZrB_(2)-based ceramic composite Nano-graphite Physical property Oxidation resistance

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Contextual design and real-time verification for agile casting design

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China Foundry 2025年第2期22卷 231-238页

作者： Dong Xiang Chu-hao Zhou Xuan-pu Dong Shu-ren Guo Yan-song Ding Hua-tang Cao State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mold Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In the foundry industries,process design has traditionally relied on manuals and complex theoretical *** the advent of 3D design in casting,computer-aided design(CAD)has been applied to integrate the features of casting process,thereby expanding the scope of design *** technologies use parametric model design techniques for rapid component creation and use databases to access standard process parameters and design ***,3D models are currently still created through inputting or calling parameters,which requires numerous verifications through calculations to ensure the design *** process may be significantly slowed down due to repetitive modifications and extended design *** a result,there are increasingly urgent demands for a real-time verification mechanism to address this ***,this study proposed a novel closed-loop model and software development method that integrated contextual design with real-time verification,dynamically verifying relevant rules for designing 3D casting ***,the study analyzed three typical closed-loop scenarios of agile design in an independent developed intelligent casting process *** is believed that foundry industries can potentially benefit from favorably reduced design cycles to yield an enhanced competitive product market.

关键词： agile design context-design casting process design real-time verification smart manufacturing

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Dynamic Analysis of Uniformity and Difference for Grid-following and Grid-forming Voltage Source Converters Using Phasor and Topological Homology Methods

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2025年第1期13卷 3-14页

作者： Haiyu Zhao Hongyu Zhou Wei Yao Qihang Zong Jinyu Wen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Grid-following voltage source converter(GFLVSC)and grid-forming voltage source converter(GFM-VSC)have different dynamic characteristics for active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage supports of the power *** paper aims to clarify and recognize the difference between gridfollowing(GFL)and grid-forming(GFM)frequency-voltage support more intuitively and ***,the phasor model considering circuit constraints is established based on the port circuit equations of the *** is revealed that the voltage and active power linearly correspond to the horizontal and vertical axes in the phasor space referenced to the grid voltage ***,based on topological homology,GFL and GFM controls are transformed and mapped into different *** topological similarity of the characteristic curves for GFL and GFM controls is the essential cause of their *** on the above model,it is indicated that GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC possess uniformity with regard to active power response,type of coupling,and phasor *** differ in synchronization,power coupling mechanisms,dynamics,and active power-voltage operation domain in the quasi-steady *** studies are undertaken on GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC integrated into a four-machine two-area *** results verify that the dynamic uniformity and difference of GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC are intuitively and comprehensively revealed.

关键词： Renewable energy grid-following converter grid-forming converter phasor method topological homology

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A Distributed Self-Tallying Electronic Voting System Using the Smart Contract

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 1063-1076页

作者： Jingyu YAO Bo YANG Tao WANG Wenzheng ZHANG School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian University Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory

For electronic voting(e-voting) with a trusted authority, the ballots may be discarded or tampered, so it is attractive to eliminate the dependence on the trusted party. An e-voting protocol, where the final voting result can be calculated by any entity, is known as self-tallying e-voting protocol. To the best of our knowledge, addressing both abortive issue and adaptive issue simultaneously is still an open problem in self-tallying e-voting *** Ethereum blockchain with cryptographic technologies, we present a decentralized self-tallying e-voting protocol. We solve the above problem efficiently by utilizing optimized Group Encryption Scheme and standard Exponential El Gamal Cryptosystem. We use zero-knowledge proof and homomorphic encryption to protect votes' secrecy and achieve self-tallying. All ballots can be verified by anyone and the final voting result can be calculated by any entity. In addition, using the paradigm of score voting and “1-out-of-k” proof, our e-voting system is suitable for a wide range of application scenarios. Experiments show that our protocol is more competitive and more suitable for large-scale voting.

关键词： Electronic voting systems Smart contracts Blockchains Cryptocurrency Electronic voting Homomorphic encryption Standards

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Improvement and correction for transverse emittance diagnosis based on Q-scanning techniques

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 1-11页

作者： Yi-Feng Zeng Hao Hu Tong-Ning Hu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Precise transverse emittance assessment in electron beams is crucial for advancing high-brightness beam *** opposed to intricate methodologies that use specialized devices,quadrupole focusing strength scanning(Q-scanning)techniques offer notable advantages for various injectors owing to their inherent convenience and ***,their stringent approximation conditions lead to inevitable errors in practical operation,thereby limiting their widespread *** study addressed these challenges by revisiting the analytical derivation procedure and investigating the effects of the underlying approximation *** corrections were explored through a combination of data processing analysis and numerical ***,based on theoretical derivations,virtual measurements using beam dynamics calculations were employed to evaluate the correction *** experimental validations were performed at the Huazhong University of science and technology injector to verify the effectiveness of the proposed compensation *** the virtual and experimental results confirm the feasibility and reliability of the enhanced Q-scanning-based diagnosis for transverse emittance in typical beam injectors operating under common *** the integration of these corrections and compensations,enhanced Q-scanning-based techniques emerge as promising alternatives to traditional emittance diagnosis methods.

关键词： Beam diagnostics Transverse emittance Q-scanning technique Beam injector

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Effect of introducing oxygen into ethylene tar pitches on their carbonaceous products

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第12期76卷 135-146页

作者： Rongqi Chen Yongzheng Zhang Yanli Wang Chunyin Shen Liang Zhan Licheng Ling State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology(Ministry of Education)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Ethylene tar is a prospective precursor for preparing carbonaceous materials,which is regarded as a representative soft carbon material after ***,the introduction of oxygen can influence the morphology of the final carbonaceous *** the introduction of oxygen,dealkylation and dehydrogenation will be promoted and the molecules can be linked more *** the subsequent carbonization,the biphenyl structures caused by the deoxygenation via the elimination of CO_(2),as well as the reserved aromatic ether bonds,can facilitate the strong cross-linking,which will restrain the movement of the carbon layers and the formation of the graphitic *** the graphitization treatment at 2800℃,the oxidized pitch can lead to short-range ordered and long-range unordered structures,while the sample without oxidation can result in long-range ordered graphitic *** can be proved that a simple oxidation-carbonization treatment can transform ethylene tar into hard carbon structures.

关键词： Fuel Oxidation Ethylene tar pitch Carbonization Hard carbon Chemical processes

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Overpressures of shock and combustion produced by transient release of pressurized hydrogen into an obstructed tube

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 142卷 426-435页

作者： Jiang, Guangbo Zhang, Songlin Jin, Kaiqiang Jiang, Yiming Duan, Qiangling Sun, Jinhua State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

There are growing safety concerns about compressed hydrogen as an energy vector. An experimental study investigates the transient release of pressurized hydrogen into an obstructed tube through the failure of a metal rupture disk, focusing on the produced overpressures of shock and combustion. The combustion evolves from spontaneous ignition. Flow visualization is achieved using schlieren techniques and optical observation windows. The results indicate that the shock overpressure exhibits marked axial variations, attributed to the role of well-developed combustion. The leading shock is intensified by the energy released from combustion and the subsequent expansion of combustion products, demonstrating a dependence on the rupture pressure. As the rupture pressure increases, the position at which the leading shock is strengthened moves upstream as a result of short-delay ignition and rapid growth of the flame. The axial distribution of shock speed within the tube alternates between acceleration and deceleration phases. Analysis reveals that the net pressure rise induced by combustion is not positively correlated with the rupture pressure. Local flame acceleration of partially premixed flame, as a consequence of substantial turbulent mixing, accounts for the greater net pressure rise observed at lower rupture pressures. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Rupture disks

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High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of phase transformation of steels:a review

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第2期32卷 353-363页

作者： Li-bo Wang Xiang-liang Wan Cheng-yang Hu Guang Xu Guang-qiang Li Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM)is considered as a powerful tool for in situ observation of the phase transformation of steels at elevated *** breaks the limitation that conventional approaches on this aspect can only post-mortem the microstructure at room *** working principle and major functions of HT-CLSM in initial are introduced and the utilization in details with HT-CLSM is summarized,including the behaviors of melting-solidifying,austenite reversion,as well as the austenite decomposition(formation of Widmanstätten,pearlite,acicular ferrite,bainite and martensite)in ***,a serie of HT-CLSM images are used to explore the growth kinetic of phase at elevated temperatures with additional theoretical calculation ***,the in situ HT-CLSM observations of phase transformation,combined with post-mortem electron backscatter diffraction analysis,is also summarized to elucidate the crystallographic evolution.

关键词： Steel In situ observation HT-CLSM Microstructure Phase transformation

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