Immune cells play key roles in cancer and chronic inflammatory disease. A better understanding of the mechanisms and risks will help develop novel target therapies. At the 2017 International Workshop of the Chinese Ac...
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Immune cells play key roles in cancer and chronic inflammatory disease. A better understanding of the mechanisms and risks will help develop novel target therapies. At the 2017 International Workshop of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine on Tumor Immunology held in Beijing, China, on May 12, 2017, a number of speakers reported new findings and ongoing studies on immune-related diseases such as cancer, fibrotic disease, diabetes, and others. A considerably insightful overview was provided on cancer immunity, tumor microenvironments,and new immunotherapy for cancer. In addition, chronic inflammatory diseases were discussed. These findings may offer new insights into targeted immunotherapy.
In the original version of this Article, the affiliation details for Fan Yang were incorrectly given as 'keylaboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medici...
In the original version of this Article, the affiliation details for Fan Yang were incorrectly given as 'keylaboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China' and 'Leibniz Institute for Age research - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Jena, 07745, Germany'. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Background As urine is less complex than plasma and accumulates substantial physiological and pathophysiological changes from both plasma and the urinary system, it is regarded as an ideal source of sample for biomark...
Background As urine is less complex than plasma and accumulates substantial physiological and pathophysiological changes from both plasma and the urinary system, it is regarded as an ideal source of sample for biomarker studies. Methods To gain a better understanding of the biological functions of urinary proteins and their association with human diseases, we did an in-depth urinary proteome analysis, using urine samples from 24 healthy individuals, that was based on multiple separation strategies, including direct one-dimensional liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (1DLC/MS/MS), two-dimensional LC/MS/MS, and gel-eluted liquid fraction entrapment electrophoresis (GELFrEE) and liquid-phase isoelectric focusing (LP-IEF) followed by 2DLC/MS/MS. Findings We identified 6412 proteins, of which 2213 had not been reported in previous studies and 2571 were relatively and absolutely quantitated (spanning a magnitude of 10 6 ) with an intensity-based absolute quantification algorithm. Tissue-based analysis revealed that 514 tissue-enriched proteins from 27 tissues and 917 tissue-enhanced proteins from 32 tissues could be detected in urine, suggesting that the urinary proteome might have an important role in studying the physiological and pathological changes of the related organs, such as the brain and kidney. We selected potential urinary biomarkers that were previously identified for glioma and IgA nephropathy by filtering biomarkers from the publicly accessible Human Urine Proteome Database and verified them by Western blotting. We also observed that deeper separation allowed identification of more tissue-related and disease-specific proteins. All the detailed information—such as protein name, accession number, peptide sequence, sequence coverage, and biomarker application—could be obtained from the Human Urine Proteome Database, which provides information for prediction of urinary candidate biomarkers and modification of targeted proteomics workflow. Interpretat
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