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Experimental study of dual nano-network, high-temperature resistant aerogel material as an integration of thermal management functions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 157-170页

作者： Yueyue Xiao Tianke Mao Zun Zhao Yuelei Pan Heping Zhang Xudong Cheng State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

Thermal management system is highly desirable to guarantee the performance and thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries,but it reduces the energy density of battery modules and even is unable to provide highly effective ***,a thermal management function integrated material is presented based on high-temperature resistant aerogel and phase change material and is applied at both charge–discharge process and thermal runaway *** this sandwich structure Paraffin@SiC nanowire/Aerogel sheet (denoted as PA@SAS) system,SiC nanowires endow the middle aerogel sheet (SAS) a dual nano-network *** enhanced mechanical properties of SAS were studied by compressive tests and dynamic mechanical ***,the thermal conductivity of SAS at 600°C is only 0.042 W/(m K).The surface phase change material layers facilitate temperature uniformity of batteries (surface temperature difference less than 1.82°C) through latent ***,a large-format battery module with four 58 Ah LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2LIBs was ***@SAS successfully prevents thermal runaway propagation,yielding a temperature gap of 602°C through the 2 mm-thick cross ***@SAS also exhibits excellent performance in other safety issues such as temperature rise rate,flame heat flux,*** lightweight property and effective insulation performance achieves significant safety enhancement with mass and volume energy density reduction of only 0.79%and 5.4%,*** originality of the present research stems from the micro and macro structure design of the proposed thermal management material and the combination of intrinsic advantages of every *** work provides a reliable design of achieving the integration of thermal management functions into an aerogel composite and improves the thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Thermal management Lithium-ionbatteries Aerogel High temperature thermal insulation

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Revealing cycling and thermal safety characteristics of LiFePO_(4)solid-state lithium metal batteries under dual in-situ strategy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 911-925页

作者： Yue Zhang Yuxuan Li Anqi Teng Lihua Jiang Zhuangzhuang Jia Wenxin Mei Yong Liu Shiyao Chen Zesen Wei Kaiqiang Jin Qiangling Duan Qingsong Wang Jinhua Sun State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

Solid-state battery(SSB)with lithium metal anode(LMA)is considered as one of the most promising storage devices for the next *** simultaneously address two critical issues in lithium metal batteries:the negative impact of interfacial compatibility on the electrochemical performance and the safety risks associated with Li dendrite growth-we propose a dual in-situ strategy for fabricating ***,the excellent cycling performance and improved safety of polymer SSB under dual in-situ strategy was *** lower Li nucleation barrier of Sn leads to uniform Li deposition on the modified-Li(ModLi)/solid-state electrolyte(SSE)***-enriched layer on LMA contributes to capacity retention of 92%after 550 cycles in LiFePO_(4)*** modified layer provides outstanding dendrite suppression ability under an overcharge condition of 5.5 *** higher thermal stability of SSE than liquid electrolyte was investigated through in-situ heat and gas generation analysis,with ModLi+SSE generating only 9.9%of Li+*** cycling stability of SSB was demonstrated through in-situ cycling heat generation analysis,and lower temperature sensitivity of SSB with 31%of heat production decrease from 30 to 70℃,while LIBs show a 54%*** high-temperature stability was proved by a 92%capacity retention at 60℃after 50 ***,pouch cells with SSE of higher thermal stability and modifications on LMA achieved a higher self-heating onset temperature(Tonset)of 180℃and a lower thermal runaway maximum temperature(T_(max))of 401℃,The impacts of dual in-situ strategy for materials,interfaces,coin cells and pouch cells aid in further understanding on thermal runaway mechanism of SSB.

关键词： Solid-state lithium batteries Dual in-situ strategy Li modification In/ex-situ heat production characteristics Uniform/non-uniform heating

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Thermal hazard comparison and assessment of Li-ion battery and Na-ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 18-26页

作者： Wenxin Mei Zhixiang Cheng Longbao Wang Anqi Teng Zhiyuan Li Kaiqiang Jin Jinhua Sun Qingsong Wang State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina

Na-ion batteries are considered a promising next-generation battery alternative to Li-ion batteries,due to the abundant Na resources and low *** efforts focus on developing new materials to enhance energy density and electrochemical performance to enable it comparable to Li-ion batteries,without considering thermal hazard of Na-ion batteries and comparison with Li-ion *** address this issue,our work comprehensively compares commercial prismatic lithium iron phosphate(LFP) battery,lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide(NCM523) battery and Na-ion battery of the same size from thermal hazard perspective using Accelerating Rate *** thermal hazard of the three cells is then qualitatively assessed from thermal stability,early warning and thermal runaway severity perspectives by integrating eight characteristic *** Na-ion cell displays comparable thermal stability with LFP while LFP exhibits the lowest thermal runaway hazard and ***,the Na-ion cell displays the lowest safety venting temperature and the longest time interval between safety venting and thermal runaway,allowing the generated gas to be released as early as possible and detected in a timely manner,providing sufficient time for early ***,a database of thermal runaway characteristic temperature for Li-ion and Na-ion cells is collected and processed to delineate four thermal hazard levels for quantitative ***,LFP cells exhibit the lowest thermal hazard,followed by the Na-ion cells and NCM523 *** work clarifies the thermal hazard discrepancy between the Na-ion cell and prevalent Li-ion cells,providing crucial guidance for development and application of Na-ion cell.

关键词： Li-ion battery Na-ion battery Thermal runaway Characteristic parameters Thermal hazard assessment

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Tuning rheology and fire-fighting performance of protein-stabilized foam by actively switching the interfacial state of the liquid film

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2024年第11期178卷 120-132页

作者： Ke Qiu Xiaoyang Yu Huan Li Shouxiang Lu State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Biomolecular self-assembly has lately emerged as an intriguing method for creating stable gas-liquid dis-persions with unique functional *** this work,protein-metal coordination complexes were designed as the stabilizer for generating ultrastable fire-fighting foam and creating interfacial architec-tures that were actively switched between"rigid"and"mobile"interfacial states of liquid films in re-sponse to changes in pH and bulk solution compositions(metal ions or alkyl polyglycosides).The re-flected light interferometric technique was used to check interfacial states,and the foaming kinetics and rheological response of aqueous solution and liquid foam were investigated by dynamic surface tension tests and oscillatory rheology *** results showed that liquid foams with mobile films with lower yield limits had a faster spreading rate to cover the burning oil,liquid foams with semi-rigid films can-not extinguish fires due to interfacial instability,and the enhanced rheology of the foam with rigid films established a robust and impenetrable barrier to effectively suppress fuel evaporation and combustion.A new correlation between interfacial properties and the fire-fighting performance of foam was proposed,which showed that the fire-extinguishing time of foam could be well correlated by the interfacial states or film lifetime rather than classical thermodynamics entry,spreading,and bridging coefficients(ESB co-efficients).

关键词： Fire-fighting foams Interfacial states Rheology Protein Surfactant

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Shock-induced chemical reaction characteristics of PTFE-Al-Bi_(2)O_(3)reactive materials

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 1-12页

作者： Chunlan Jiang Rong Hu Jingbo Zhang Zaicheng Wang Liang Mao State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

A ternary system of PTFE/Al/Bi_(2)O_(3)is constructed by incorporating PTFE-based reactive material and thermite for enhancing the energy release of the PTFE-based reactive *** effects of Bi_(2)O_(3)in the PTFE/Al/Bi_(2)O_(3)on both mechanical properties and the energy release were investigated through various tests such as thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry,adiabatic oxygen bomb test and split Hopkinson pressure bar *** microstructure observed through scanning electron microscope and Xray diffraction results are used to analyze the ignition and reaction mechanism of PTFE/Al/Bi_(2)O_(3).The results indicate that the PTFE/Al/Bi_(2)O_(3)are capable of triggering the exothermic reaction of molten PTFE/Bi_(2)O_(3)and Al/Bi_(2)O_(3)over the PTFE/Al reactive materials,thereby promoting *** excessive aluminum in the ternary system is beneficial for increasing energy *** ignition of shock-induced chemical reactions in PTFE/Al/Bi_(2)O_(3)is closely related to the material *** dominant mechanism for hot-spot generation under Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar test is the frictional temperature rise at the microcrack after failure.

关键词： PTFE/Al/Bi_(2)O_(3) Shock-induced chemical reaction Energy release

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Double casing warhead with sandwiched charge:The axial distribution of fragments velocities

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 201-216页

作者： Ping Ye Yongxiang Dong Qitian Sun Peizhuo Shi Wang Yao Yongnan Li Yujing Li Mingze Li State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The double casing warhead with sandwiched charge is a novel fragmentation warhead that can produce two groups of fragments with different velocity,and the previous work has presented a calculation formula to determine the maximum fragment *** current work builds on the published formula to further develop a formula for calculating the axial distribution characteristics of the fragment *** this type of warhead,the simulation of the dispersion characteristics of the detonation products at different positions shows that the detonation products at the ends have a much larger axial velocity than those in the middle,and the detonation products have a greater axial dispersion velocity when they are closer to the central *** loading process and the fragment velocity vary with the axial position for both casing layers,and the total velocity of the fragments is the vector sum of the radial velocity and the axial *** the same axial position,the acceleration time of the inner casing is greater than that of the outer *** the same casing,the fragments generated at the ends have a longer acceleration time than the fragments from the *** proposed formula is validated with the X-ray radiography results of the four warheads previously tested experimentally and the 3D smoothedparticle hydrodynamics numerical simulation results of several series of new warheads with different *** formula can accurately and reliably calculate the fragment velocity when the lengthto-diameter ratio of the charge is greater than 1.5 and the thickness of the casing is less than 20%its inner *** work thus provides a key reference for the theoretical analysis and the design of warheads with multiple casings.

关键词： Double casing warhead Sandwiched charge Fragment velocity Rarefaction wave Gurney formula Explosive loading

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Enhanced structural damage behavior of liquid-filled tank by reactive material projectile impact

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 211-229页

作者： Jianwen Xie Yuanfeng Zheng Zhenyang Liu Chengzhe Liu Aoxin Liu Pengwan Chen Haifu Wang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

A series of ballistic experiments were performed to investigate the damage behavior of high velocity reactive material projectiles(RMPs) impacting liquid-filled tanks,and the corresponding hydrodynamic ram(HRAM) was studied in ***/Al/W RMPs with steel-like and aluminum-like densities were prepared by a pressing/sintering *** projectiles impacted a liquid-filled steel tank with front aluminum panel at approximately 1250 m/*** corresponding cavity evolution characteristics and HRAM pressure were recorded by high-speed camera and pressure acquisition system,and further compared to those of steel and aluminum *** different from the conical cavity formed by the inert metal projectile,the cavity formed by the RMP appeared as an ellipsoid with a conical *** RMPs were demonstrated to enhance the radial growth velocity of cavity,the global HRAM pressure amplitude and the front panel damage,indicating the enhanced HRAM and structural damage ***,combining the impact-induced fragmentation and deflagration characteristics,the cavity evolution of RMPs under the combined effect of kinetic energy impact and chemical energy release was *** mechanism of enhanced HRAM pressure induced by the RMPs was further revealed based on the theoretical model of the initial impact wave and the impulse ***,the linear correlation between the deformation-thickness ratio and the non-dimensional impulse for the front panel was obtained and *** was determined that the enhanced near-field impulse induced by the RMPs was the dominant reason for the enhanced structural damage behavior.

关键词： Reactive material projectile Hydrodynamic ram Enhanced structural damage Liquid-filled tank Impact

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Ballistic performance of additive manufacturing 316l stainless steel projectiles based on topology optimization method

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 1-17页

作者： Hao Xue Tao Wang Xinyu Cui Yifan Wang Guangyan Huang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Material and structure made by additive manufacturing(AM)have received much attention lately due to their flexibility and ability to customize complex *** study first implements multiple objective topology optimization simulations based on a projectile perforation model,and a new topologic projectile is *** two types of 316L stainless steel projectiles(the solid and the topology)are printed in a selective laser melt(SLM)machine to evaluate the penetration performance of the projectiles by the ballistic *** experiment results show that the dimensionless specific kinetic energy value of topologic projectiles is higher than that of solid projectiles,indicating the better penetration ability of the topologic ***,microscopic studies(scanning electron microscope and X-ray micro-CT)are performed on the remaining projectiles to investigate the failure mechanism of the internal structure of the topologic *** explicit dynamics simulation was also performed,and the failure locations of the residual topologic projectiles were in good agreement with the experimental results,which can better guide the design of new projectiles combining AM and topology optimization in the future.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Topology optimization Ballistic performance Projectile design

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Reactive molecular dynamics insight into the thermal decomposition mechanism of 2,6-Bis(picrylamino)-3,5-dinitropyridine

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 134-146页

作者： Jianbo Fu Hui Ren Xinzhou Wu Yongjin Chen Mi Zhang Yazhi Cheng State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

2,6-bis(picrylamino)-3,5-dinitropyridine(PYX)has excellent thermostability,which makes its thermal decomposition mechanism receive much *** this paper,the mechanism of PYX thermal decomposition was investigated thoroughly by the ReaxFF-lg force field combined with DFT-B3LYP(6-311++G)*** detailed decomposition mechanism,small-molecule product evolution,and cluster evolution of PYX were mainly *** the initial stage of decomposition,the intramolecular hydrogen transfer reaction and the formation of dimerized clusters are earlier than the denitration *** the progress of the reaction,one side of the bitter amino group is removed from the pyridine ring,and then the pyridine ring is *** final products produced in the thermal decomposition process are CO_(2),H_(2)O,N_(2),and H_(2).Among them,H_(2)O has the earliest generation time,and the reaction rate constant(k_(3))is the *** clusters are formed during the decomposition of PYX,and the formation,aggregation,and decomposition of these clusters are strongly affected by *** low temperatures(2500 K-2750 K),many clusters are *** high temperatures(2750 K-3250 K),the clusters aggregate to form larger *** 3500 K,the large clusters decompose and become *** the late stage of the reaction,H and N in the clusters escaped almost entirely,but more O was trapped in the clusters,which affected the auto-oxidation process of ***'s initial decomposition activation energy(E_(a))was calculated to be 126.58 kJ/*** work contributes to a theoretical understanding of PYX's entire thermal decomposition process.

关键词： PYX Thermal decomposition ReaxFF-lg MD simulations Excellent thermostable explosives

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Assessing the energy release characteristics during the middle detonation reaction stage of aluminized explosives

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 270-277页

作者： Kun Yang Lang Chen Danyang Liu Bin Zhang Jianying Lu Junying Wu State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Afterburning behind the detonation front of an aluminized explosive releases energy on the millisecond timescale,which prolong the release of detonation energy and the energy release at different stages also shows significant ***,at present,there are few effective methods for evaluating the energy release characteristics of the middle reaction stage of such explosives,which can have a duration of tens to hundreds of *** present work demonstrates an approach to assessing the midstage of an aluminized explosive detonation based on a water push test employing a high degree of *** this method,the explosive is contained in a steel cylinder having one end closed that is installed at the bottom of a transparent water *** detonation,the gaseous products expand in one direction while forcing water ahead of *** resulting underwater shock wave and the interface between the gas phase products and the water are tracked using an ultra-high-speed framing and streak *** shock wave velocity in water and the expansion work performed by the gaseous detonation products were calculated to assess the energy release characteristics of aluminized explosives such as CL-20 and RDX in the middle stage of the detonation *** the middle stage of the detonation process of these aluminized explosives,the aluminum reaction reduced the attenuation of shock waves and increased the work performed by gas phase products.A higher aluminum content increased the energy output while the presence of oxidants slowed the energy release *** work demonstrates an effective means of evaluating the performance of aluminized explosives.

关键词： Aluminized explosive Non-ideal detonation Water push test Energy release

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