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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Junlin Hou Jilan Xu Fan Xiao Rui-Wei Zhao Yuejie Zhang Haidong Zou Lina Lu Wenwen Xue Rui Feng School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Fudan University China Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center Shanghai Eye Hospital Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9781665468190

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468206

Automatic diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading based on fundus photography has been widely explored to benefit the routine screening and early treatment. Existing researches generally focus on single-field fundus images, which have limited field of view for precise eye examinations. In clinical applications, ophthalmologists adopt two-field fundus photography as the dominating tool, where the information from each field (i.e., macula-centric and optic disc-centric) is highly correlated and complementary, and benefits comprehensive decisions. However, automatic DR grading based on two-field fundus photography remains a challenging task due to the lack of publicly available datasets and effective fusion strategies. In this work, we first construct a new benchmark dataset (DRTiD) for DR grading, consisting of 3,100 two-field fundus images. To the best of our knowledge, it is the largest public DR dataset with diverse and high-quality two-field images. Then, we propose a novel DR grading approach, namely Cross-Field Transformer (CrossFiT), to capture the correspondence between two fields as well as the long-range spatial correlations within each field. Considering the inherent two-field geometric constraints, we particularly define aligned position embeddings to preserve relative consistent position in fundus. Besides, we perform masked cross-field attention during interaction to filter the noisy relations between fields. Extensive experiments on our DRTiD dataset and a public DeepDRiD dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our CrossFiT network. The new dataset and the source code of CrossFiT will be publicly available at https://***/DU-VTS/DRTiD.

关键词： Photography Optical filters Correlation Retinopathy Source coding Benchmark testing Transformers

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Origami-inspired soft twisting actuator

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Diancheng Fan, Dongliang Zhu, Renjie Lei, Qiaozhi Liao, Yuxuan Yang, Xin Pan, Yang Wang, Zheng Wu, Yang Liu, Sicong Wang, Hongqiang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen518055 China Guangzhou510642 China

Soft actuators have shown great advantages in compliance and morphology matched for manipulation of delicate objects and inspection in a confined space. There is an unmet need for a soft actuator that can provide torsional motion to e.g. enlarge working space and increase degrees of freedom. Towards this goal, we present origami-inspired soft pneumatic actuators (OSPAs) made from silicone. The prototype can output a rotation of more than one revolution (up to 435°), more significant than its counterparts. Its rotation ratio (=rotation angle/aspect ratio) is more than 136°, about twice the largest one in other literature. We describe the design and fabrication method, build the analytical model and simulation model, and analyze and optimize the parameters. Finally, we demonstrate the potentially extensive utility of the OSPAs through their integration into a gripper capable of simultaneously grasping and lifting fragile or flat objects, a versatile robot arm capable of picking and placing items at the right angle with the twisting actuators, and a soft snake robot capable of changing attitude and directions by torsion of the twisting actuators. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Path Planning for Robot Based on IACO-SFLA Hybrid Algorithm 32

Path Planning for Robot Based on IACO-SFLA Hybrid Algorithm

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32nd Chinese Control and Decision Conference, CCDC 2020

作者： Pu, Xingcheng Xiong, Chaowen Zhao, Longlong Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Laboratory of Intelligent Analysis and Decision on Complex Systems Chongqing400065 China Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Automation Chongqing400065 China Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing400065 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728158549

In order to solve the problem of slow convergence, low efficiency and easily getting into local optimal solution in robot path planning which is based on basic ant colony algorithm, a new algorithm combining improved ant colony algorithm(IACO) with shuffled frog leaping algorithm(SFLA) is proposed. In the novel ant colony algorithm, dynamic state transition strategy, dynamic global pheromone updating strategy and dynamic pheromone evaporation factor updating strategy are used to ensure the accuracy of solution and the convergence speed of the algorithm. Furthermore, conditional fallback strategy is adopted to ensure the global search ability of the novel algorithm. Numerical experiments show that the optimal path can be more effectively generated by using the improved leapfrog algorithm and the simplified operator in the last step. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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Timing model and maximum-aperture pixel design of an active-matrix display 57th

Timing model and maximum-aperture pixel design of an active-...

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57th SID International Symposium, Seminar and Exhibition, Display Week, 2020

作者： Liu, Xuchi Xia, Zhihe Kwok, Hoi-Sing Wong, Man Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics and Technologies The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

A timing model developed for an active-matrix display is described, accounting for both the signal propagation delay and the pixel charging time. The Lagrange multiplier method is applied to maximize the aperture ratio of a pixel in such a display, while satisfying the constraints imposed by technology and the timing model. © 2020 SID.

关键词： Lagrange multipliers

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Explainable medical visual question answering via chain of evidence

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Knowledge-Based systems 2025年 324卷

作者： Chen Qiu Ke Huang Zhiqiang Xie Maofu Liu Jinguang Gu Xiaofen Zong School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan 430081 China Department of Psychiatry Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430060 China

Medical Visual Question Answering (MedVQA) has delivered success in healthcare, aiming to answer questions about clinical findings from medical images. However, developing models that are evidence-based and can precisely interpret decision-making with medical knowledge remains a crucial objective. To address these challenges, we reframe the MedVQA problem as a task of generating evidence, which is intrinsically consistent with the medical diagnostic interaction process. We introduce Med-CoE, a framework that leverages the chain-of-thought capacity of LLMs along with medical knowledge sources to address the explanation gap in MedVQA tasks. Med-CoE establishes an evidence verification and interpretation mechanism under a three-stage training process with medical knowledge grounding. We pre-train our model on the PMC-OA corpus and generate auto-labeling Chain of Evidences via LLMs prompt and then fine-tune Med-CoE on two benchmarks. Experimental findings show that Med-CoE outperforms state-of-the-art methods by a large margin, e.g., 10.7% on direct-answer task of PMC-VQA and 4.0% on SLAKE.

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A comprehensive analysis of the Bencao(herbal)small RNA Atlas reveals novel RNA therapeutics for treating human diseases

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science China(Life sciences) 2023年第12期66卷 2380-2398页

作者： Yinghao Cao Yexuan Lin Na Sun Xinyi Du Yixin Dong Song Mei Xingyu Deng Xiaobei Li Shaoting Guo Kegong Tang Jiaqi Liu Xiangyu Qiao Dandan Zhao Yuhao Qin Cong Zhang Tianyi Xin Xiaohu Shi Congzhao Zhou Tao Dong De-an Guo Benedikt MKessler Dong Xu Jingyuan Song Fengming Huang Xiaoyue Wang Chengyu Jiang State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases Department of BiochemistryInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of ChinaEngineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource of Ministry of EducationInstitute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China MRC Human Immunology Unit MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineRadcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37FZUK Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) CAMS Oxford Institute(COI)Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX37FZUK Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization TechnologyShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Target Discovery Institute Centre for Medicines DiscoveryNuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX37FZUK Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Christopher S.Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbia MO 65211USA

Cross-kingdom herbal mi RNA was first reported in *** a modified herbal extraction protocol,we obtained 73,677,287sequences by RNA-seq from 245 traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),of which 20,758,257 were unique *** constructed a Bencao(herbal)small RNA(s RNA)Atlas(http://***),annotated the sequences by sequence-based clustering,and created a nomenclature system for Bencao s *** profiles of 21,757 mi RNAs in the Atlas were highly consistent with those of plant mi RNAs in mi *** software tools,our results demonstrated that all human genes might be regulated by s RNAs from the Bencao s RNA Atlas,part of the predicted human target genes were experimentally validated,suggesting that Bencao s RNAs might be one of the main bioactive components of herbal *** established roadmaps for oligonucleotide drugs development and optimization of TCM ***,the decoctosome,a lipo-nano particle consisting of 0.5%–2.5%of the decoction,demonstrated potent medical *** propose a Bencao(herbal)Index,including small-molecule compounds(SM),protein peptides(P),nucleic acid(N),non-nucleic and non-proteinogenic large-molecule compounds(LM)and elements from Mendeleev's periodic table(E),to quantitatively measure the medical effects of botanic *** Bencao s RNA Atlas is a resource for developing gene-targeting oligonucleotide drugs and optimizing botanical medicine,and may provide potential remedies for the theory and practice of one medicine.

关键词： small RNA herbal decoction cross-kingdom regulation traditional Chinese medicine RNA oligonucleotide drug RNA therapeutics Bencao small RNA Atlas

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From sensing to energy savings: A comprehensive survey on integrating emerging technologies for energy efficiency in WBANs

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年

作者： Shumaila Javaid Hamza Fahim Sherali Zeadally Bin He Department of Control Science and Engineering College of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Tongji University Shanghai 201210 China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai 201210 China Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Sciences Ilma University Karachi 75190 Pakistan College of Communication and Information University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA Academy of Computer Science & Software Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa

Energy is essential for human existence, and its high consumption is a growing concern in today's technology-driven society. Global initiatives aim to reduce energy consumption and pollution by developing and deploying energy-efficient sensing technologies for long-term monitoring, control, automation, security, and interactions. Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) benefit a lot from the continuous monitoring capabilities of these sensing devices, which include medical sensors worn on or implanted in the human body for healthcare monitoring. Despite significant advancements, achieving energy efficiency in WBANs remains a significant challenge. A deep understanding of the WBAN architecture is essential to identify the causes of its energy inefficiency and develop novel energy-efficient solutions. We investigate energy efficiency issues specific to WBANs. We discuss the transformative impact that artificial intelligence and Machine Learning (ML) can have on achieving the energy efficiency of WBANs. Additionally, we explore the potential of emerging technologies such as quantum computing, nano-technology, biocompatible energy harvesting, and Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) in enabling energy efficiency in WBANs. We focus on WBANs' architecture, hardware, and software components to identify key factors responsible for energy consumption in the WBAN environment. Based on our comprehensive review, we introduce an innovative, energy-efficient three-tier architecture for WBANs that employs ML and edge computing to overcome the limitations inherent in existing energy-efficient solutions. Finally, we summarize the lessons learned and highlight future research directions that will enable the development of energy-efficient solutions for WBANs.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Energy Healthcare Sensors Wireless body area networks

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Semantic Reasoning with NLI for Assertion Detection in Medical Text

Semantic Reasoning with NLI for Assertion Detection in Medic...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Zongxin Du Xiaohong Liu Jie Xu Guoshun Nan Guangyu Wang State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Beijing Tongren Hospital Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Capital Medical University Beijing China School of Cyberspace Security Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Department of Mathematics and Theories Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9781665468190

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468206

Assertion information is of crucial importance for constructing an intelligent diagnosis system as it contains clinical findings and decision basis of clinicians in the electronic medical records (EMRs), e.g., whether a symptom is present or not. Current work mainly treats assertion detection as a sequence labeling task, or constructs rule-based methods. However, there is a challenge that to detect assertions embedded in the context with long-range dependencies, needs considering the whole text to capture the complex linguistic and underlying semantic information. To tackle the above issues, we consider assertion detection as a semantic reasoning task based on natural language inference (NLI). First, we generate candidate spans with boundary detection on the basis of which we can enrich the training corpus with external knowledge such as assertion definitions. Then we detect the assertions through the NLI-based classification. To the best of our knowledge, we build the first Chinese assertion dataset, which contains 4237 sentences on privacy de-identified ophthalmology remote reading reports. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed method achieves the best results on both of the English dataset i2b2 and the Chinese privacy dataset.

关键词： Training Data privacy Biological system modeling Semantics Linguistics Cognition Ophthalmology

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Loop Quantum Photonic Chip for Coherent Multi-Time-Step Evolution

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhan, Yuancheng Zhang, Hui Erbanni, Rebecca Burger, Andreas Wan, Lingxiao Jiang, Xudong Chae, Sanghoon Liu, Aiqun Poletti, Dario Kwek, Leong Chuan Nanyang Technological University Singapore Nanyang Technological University Singapore Institute of Precision Optical Engineering School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Science Mathematics and Technology Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Canada The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Engineering Product Development Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 117543 Singapore MajuLab CNRS-UNS-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654 Singapore National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Quantum evolution is crucial for the understanding of complex quantum systems. However, current implementations of time evolution on quantum photonic platforms face challenges of limited light source efficiency due to propagation loss and merely single-layer complexity. In this work, we present a loop quantum photonic chip (Loop-QPC) designed to efficiently simulate quantum dynamics over multiple time steps in a single chip. Our approach employs a recirculating loop structure to reuse computational resources and eliminate the need for multiple quantum tomography steps or chip reconfigurations. We experimentally demonstrate the dynamics of the spin-boson model on a low-loss Silicon Nitride (SiN) integrated photonic chip. The Loop-QPC achieves a three-step unitary evolution closely matching the theoretical predictions. These results establish the Loop-QPC as a promising method for efficient and scalable quantum simulation, advancing the development of quantum simulation on programmable photonic circuits. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon nitride

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Exploring Driving Behavioral Characteristics in Pre-, In- and Post-Conflict Stages Based on Car-Following Trajectory Data

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Wu, Dan Li, Ye Lee, Jaeyoung Yuan, Chen School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering Central South University Hunan Changsha410075 China Hunan Key Laboratory of Smart Roadway and Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems Changsha University of Science & Technology Hunan Changsha410114 China University of South Florida United States Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong

A conflict consists of different stages, and a previous conflict may have an impact on the following one because of the existence of memory effect from the recent driving maneuver and risky conflict experiences. In this study, we aim to explore driving behavioral characteristics of different stages of rear-end conflicts using vehicle trajectory data. The NGSIM trajectory dataset is adopted and three conflict stages (i.e., pre-, in-, and post-conflict) are defined based on time-to-collision (TTC) indicator. Four indexes are selected to capture the within-group and between-group characteristics of the different conflict stages. Results indicate that the number of dominant driving characteristic categories and the predictive importance of selected indexes vary in the different conflict stages. Besides, there is a heterogeneity in the driving behaviors, as seen from the differences among different clusters in the same conflict stage. In addition, most drivers slow down in the in-conflict stage and continue to decelerate thereafter, while the speed reduction magnitude decreases as the conflict stage progresses. About the reaction time, most drivers facing a conflict become insensitive and the drivers mainly react faster in the post-conflict stage. Additionally, an insufficient space gap could cause a rear-end conflict because of the smaller space gap in an in-conflict stage. Findings of this study are expected to provide a valuable perspective to deeply understand the driving behavior of human-driven vehicles by exploring the within-group and between-group driving characteristics of different rear-end conflict stages. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trajectories

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