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Effects of internals on macroscopic fluid dynamics in a bubble column

Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第1期77卷 19-29页

作者： Shijie Liu Jin Liang Qin Li Hui Yu Haoliang Wang Xiangyang Li Chao Yang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The effects of internals on liquid mixing and gas-liquid mass transfer have rarely been investigated in bubble columns,and the commonly used measurement method overestimates significantly overall gas ***,gas holdup measurement method is improved by conducting multi-point liquid level measurement and using net fluid volume instead of bed volume to calculate gas ***,a stable conductivity method for liquid macromixing has been established by shielding large bubbles using#16nylon ***,the influences of internal coverage(=12.6%,18.9% and 25.1%) on macroscopic fluid dynamics in a bubble column with a free wall area are systematically *** is found that the presence of internals has a notable effect on macroscopic fluid *** overall gas holdup and gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient decrease,and the macromixing time decreases with the increase of internal cross-sectional area *** are mainly caused by the uneven distribution of airflow due to the low resistance in the free wall *** design makes maintenance easier,but in reality,the reactor performance has *** improvements will be made to the reactor performance based on such a configuration through flow guidance using baffles.

关键词： Bubble column Internals Macroscopic fluid dynamics Mixing Mass transfer

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Microwave synthesis of vanadium phosphorus oxide catalysts for n-butane selective oxidation

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Particuology 2025年第1期96卷 97-105页

作者： Zhiqi Xie Shengwen Zhu Xingsheng Wang Shuang Wei Ruirui Zhang Ruixia Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringInnovation Academy for Green ManufactureCASBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalysts play a crucial role in the selective oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride (MA), and their catalytic performance is highly dependent on the synthesis conditions of the precursor. This study focuses on a facile and rapid microwave irradiation method for the synthesis of VPO precursors. The effects of microwave exposure time and power on morphology, crystalline structure, and catalytic effect of VPO are investigated. The relationship between the structure and performance of the catalysts is explored by SEM, TEM, BET, FT-IR, XRD, Raman, and XPS characterization. The results demonstrate that microwave power is the key factor influencing the size, thickness, surface area, and active surfaces of vanadium pyrophosphate after activation. Additionally, the P/V ratio and Lat-O/Sur-O ratio on the catalyst surface vary with different synthesis conditions, which significantly affect the catalytic performance. In conclusion, the microwave-synthesized VPO catalyst exhibits remarkable enhancements in n-butane conversion (87.2%) and maleic anhydride (MA) selectivity (70.2%), which shows high efficiency and energy-saving, providing a new research direction for the future preparation of VPO catalysts.

关键词： Microwave synthesis VPO catalyst n-butane oxidation Maleic anhydride yield

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Construction of Ni single-atom coordinated with doped N and S elements for mild hydrogenation of methyl acrylate to methyl propionate

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 217-224页

作者： Taolue Sun Chen Jian Gang Wang Hui Zhao Guoliang Zhang Zengxi Li Chunshan Li State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Huizhou Institute of Green Energy and Advanced Materials Huizhou 516081China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516081China

Although the nickel-based catalyst is able toexhibit comparative catalytic activity to noble metal formethyl acrylate hydrogenation,it requires strict reactioncondition,which can be improved by regulation ofcoordination *** this study,we constructed akind of Ni single-atom coordinated with N and S(Ni-NSC)through the pyrolysis of organic Ni-based precursors at600℃.The existence and fine structure of Ni single-atom were confirmed by the spherical electron microscopicobservation in combination with the X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)*** addition,the catalytichydrogenation assessment suggested that the as-prepared Ni-NSC catalyst exhibited higher activity and stability than theNi/NSC supported catalyst prepared by incipient wetness impregnation *** remarkable catalytic activity was dueto the high dispersion and density of Ni single-atom and weak adsorption energy of intermediates on these Ni sites.

关键词： methyl acrylate mild hydrogenation Ni single-atom coordination environment adsorption energy

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Density functional theory studies of Pt-based catalysts for CO oxidation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 54-71页

作者： Xue LI Yang ZOU Yongqi ZHAO Xiaolong LIU Tingyu ZHU CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Key Laboratory of Green and High-value Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesXining810008China

CO is highly toxic and seriously harmful to human health,so it is meaningful to control CO emissions,especially from industrial *** oxidation is regarded to be an effective method for CO removal,in which Pt-based catalysts show excellent *** of catalytic CO oxidation employing Pt-based catalysts often encounter challenges such as CO poisoning,challenges in activating O_(2),significant temperature sensitivity,and inadequate tolerance to water and sulfur *** experimental hurdles have been corroborated by density functional theory(DFT)computations,which model adsorption,reaction pathways,and electronic structures at catalyst *** analysis has elucidated the underlying mechanisms behind these limitations,laying the foundation for enhancing the efficacy of Pt-based catalysts within the scope of academic *** has been used intensively in recent years to study the reaction mechanism and functioning characteristics of Pt-based catalysts in CO ***,advancements in research on DFT experiments on Pt-based catalysts are *** review provides a comprehensive overview and insights into the mechanism of CO adsorption on the surface of single-atom and multi-atom Pt-based catalysts,its effect on CO oxidation performance,and reaction pathways of CO oxidation in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for the structural design of most effective catalysts.

关键词： platinum catalytic oxidation carbon monoxide density functional theory

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Numerical simulation of vortex breakdown in a cylindrical tank with rotating bottom and free surface using level set method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第1期77卷 293-300页

作者： Zepeng Zhao Qin Li Feng Ye Haoliang Wang Jianfeng Wang Hui Yu Xiangyang Li Chao Yang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

A cylindrical chamber with a rotating bottom holds significant potential for application in cell culture bioreactors due to its ability to generate more stable swirling *** order to control vortex breakdown within the chamber,this study first establishes a computational fluid dynamics simulation coupled with the level set *** by experimental results in literature,this method accurately simulates the position and shape of vortex breakdown,and also predicts the critical Reynolds numbers for the appearance and detachment of vortex breakdown bubbles from the ***,it precisely captures the gaseliquid interface and depicts the vortex breakdown phenomenon in the air above the liquid for the first ***,it predicts the impact of physical property of gaseliquid systems on vortex breakdown in response to significant changes in viscosity of microbial process systems.

关键词： Vortex breakdown Level set Microbial cultivation Micro-bioreactor

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Adsorption removal of mercury from flue gas by metal selenide:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 420-436页

作者： Yang Zheng Guoliang Li Yi Xing Wenqing Xu Tao Yue School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringInnovation Academy for Green ManufactureChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Mercury(Hg)pollution has been a global concern in recent decades,posing a significant threat to entire ecosystems and human health due to its cumulative toxicity,persistence,and transport in the *** intense interaction between mercury and selenium has opened up a new field for studying mercury removal from industrial flue gas *** the advantages of good Hg^(0) capture performance and lowsecondary pollution of the mineral selenium compounds,the most noteworthy is the relatively low regeneration temperature,allowing adsorbent regeneration with low energy consumption,thus reducing the utilization cost and enabling recovery of mercury *** paper reviews the recent progress of mineral selenium compounds in flue gas mercury removal,introduces in detail the different types ofmineral selenium compounds studied in the field ofmercury removal,reviews the adsorption performance of various mineral selenium compounds adsorbents on mercury and the influence of flue gas components,such as reaction temperature,air velocity,and other factors,and summarizes the adsorption mechanism of different fugitive forms of selenium *** on the current research progress,future studies should focus on the economic performance and the performance of different carriers and sizes of adsorbents for the removal of Hg^(0) and the correlation between the gas-particle flow characteristics and gas phase mass transfer with the performance of Hg^(0) removal in practical industrial *** addition,it remains a challenge to distinguish the oxidation and adsorption of Hg^(0) quantitatively.

关键词： Non-conventional pollutants Adsorbents Metal selenides Flue gas Mercury removal

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Progress in the design and performance evaluation of catalysts for low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cells

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green Chemical engineering 2025年第1期6卷 54-67页

作者： Zhongbin Gong Hao Wang Chenhao Li Qinqin Sang Ying Xie Xiaosa Zhang Yanrong Liu College of Science Shenyang University of Chemical Technology CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Longzihu New Energy Laboratory Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial TechnologyHenan University School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ammonia, a hydrogen-rich and carbon-free energy carrier, possesses advantages such as high energy density and convenient liquefaction storage and serves as an optimal medium for hydrogen storage. Low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cells(DAFCs) represent a highly promising pathway for the efficient utilization of ammonia ***, the sluggish kinetics of the low-temperature ammonia oxidation reaction(AOR), requires high loading of platinum-group metals(PGMs) catalysts, and their poisoning significantly hampers the performance of DAFCs,thereby limiting their large-scale commercial application. Therefore, it is crucial to design efficient, cost-effective,and stable catalysts. In this work, a detailed review of recent research efforts aimed at elucidating the mechanism underlying the AOR is presented. Building on this knowledge base, progress in the design and synthesis of both PGM and PGM-free catalysts for the AOR is discussed, as well as membrane electrode assembly(MEA) preparation processes for DAFCs. Furthermore, the results of the performance evaluation of AOR catalysts in single-cell tests are summarized. Finally, based on our findings from this research area thus far, potential design strategies for AOR catalysts that can promote the rapid development of low temperatures DAFCs are proposed.

关键词： Low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cells Anti-poisoning ammonia oxidation catalysts Membrane electrode assembly Single-cell evaluation

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Preparation of Biobased Porous Hydrogels by Citric Acid Grafted Polyacrylic Acid for Rare Earth Elements Separation

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Palpu Chongi Gisul/Journal of Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 2025年第2期57卷 29-45页

作者： He, Bo Xiang, Wenchao Li, Wenjing He, Ming Yang, Liangrong Yang, Chao Yang, Guihua State Key Laboratory of Green Papermaking and Resource Recycling Qilu University of Technology China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Science China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering China University of Mining & Technology China State Key Laboratory of Green Papermaking and Resource Recycling Qilu University of Technology China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Science China State Key Laboratory of Green Papermaking and Resource Recycling Qilu University of Technology China

Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential for advanced technologies such as energy, electronics, and aerospace. Efficient separation of REEs is critical for the full utilization of natural limited resources. To obtain biobased absorbents with large adsorption capacity, high selectivity, and good reusability, a larger surface area and functionalized surface of absorbents are required. In this work, the porous PAA-CA (citric acid-grafted polyacrylic acid) hydrogels were prepared using a high internal phase emulsion templating method. The physical and chemical properties of PAA-CA were characterized by FTIR, XPS, and SEM. The influence of pH, temperature, initial concentration, and contact time on the adsorption capacity of Pr3+ (light REE) and Er3+ (heavy REE) was investigated and analyzed. The results show that PAA-CA hydrogels exhibited good adsorption performance with a better adsorption capacity for Er3+ of around 400 mg/g. The adsorption process was pH-dependent, with optimal adsorption at pH = 3–7. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, while thermodynamic analyses confirmed the process was spontaneous and endothermic. PAA-CA exhibited good selectivity for Er3+ in a binary ion system, especially containing K+ or Fe3+. Furthermore, the hydrogels retained high adsorption capacities across 10 adsorption-desorption cycles, highlighting their excellent reusability. These results suggest that porous PAA-CA hydrogels are promising materials for the selective recovery of REEs from aqueous solutions. © 2025 Korean Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry. All rights reserved.

关键词： Grafting (chemical)

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Synergistic solvent extraction system of bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)dodecan-1-amine and dinonylnaphthalene for enhanced selective extraction of nickel and cobalt

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第1期77卷 10-18页

作者： Bharat Prasad Sharma Tianzhang Wang Yufeng Liang Jinping Xiong Liangrong Yang Zheng Li Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Simultaneous recovery of Ni and Co from Fe(Ⅲ)and AI is a critical challenge in hydrometallurgical *** solvent extraction systems often struggle with selectivity and effective performance in mixed metal ion ***,a new synergistic solvent extraction(SSX)system comprised of a novel pyridine analog,N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)dodecan-1-amine(BPMDA),and dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid(DNNSA)with tributyl phosphate as phase modifier is *** SSX system demonstrates high extraction performance achieving>90%for Ni and>97%for Co in a singlestage extraction process,with high *** optimal conditions,the selectivity sequence is observed as Co^(2+)(>97%)>Ni^(2+)(>90%)>Mn^(2+)(<20%)>Fe^(3+)(<10%)>Mg^(2+)(<5%)>Al^(3+)(<2%)>Ca^(2+)(<1%).Spectroscopic analysis evidences the preferential binding of BPMDA with Ni and Co in the presence of DNNSA,concurrently achieving a significant reduction in the co-extraction of Fe(Ⅲ)and *** selective complexation of Ni and Co using the SSX system offers a highly efficient and selective approach for their extraction,with promising potential for applications in recovery-based processes.

关键词： Nickel and cobalt extraction Synergistic solvent extraction DNNSA Pyridine Hydrometallurgy

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Unveiling the CO2 electrocatalytic mechanism in ionic liquids via real-time AFM and voltammetry

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Chemical Communications 2025年第41期61卷 7498-7501页

作者： Li, Kaixuan Liu, Shuai Wang, Ting Mao, Bingwei Yan, Jiawei State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

In situ AFM has revealed CO2-induced morphological changes of ionic liquid (IL) nanomembranes, which correlate with the interaction with CO2. Voltammetry measurements on GC and Au electrodes suggest that in the ILs BMIPF6, BMIDCA and BMINO3, which have the same cation but different anions, the electrode material plays a dominant role in the electrochemical CO2 reduction, while the ILs exhibit a synergistic effect on CO2RR. The magnitude of the reaction current is primarily related to the viscosity of the ILs. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Liquid membrane electrodes

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