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City-specific vehicle emission control strategies to achieve stringent emission reduction targets in China's Yangtze River Delta region

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 75-87页

作者： Shaojun Zhang Ye Wu Bin Zhao Xiaomeng Wu Jiawei Shu Jiming Hao University of Michigan Department of Mechanical EngineeringAnn ArborMI 48109USA Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnuironmentBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA

The Yangtze River Delta（YRD） region is one of the most prosperous and densely populated regions in China and is facing tremendous pressure to mitigate vehicle emissions and improve air *** assessment has revealed that mitigating vehicle emissions of NOx would be more difficult than reducing the emissions of other major vehicular pollutants（e.g.,CO,HC and PM_（2.5）） in the YRD *** in Shanghai,where the emission control implemented are more stringent than in Jiangsu and Zhejiang,we observed little to no reduction in NOx emissions from 2000 to ***-reduction targets for HC,NOx and PM_（2.5） are determined using a response surface modeling tool for better air *** design city-specific emission control strategies for three vehicle-populated cities in the YRD region：Shanghai and Nanjing and Wuxi in *** results indicate that even if stringent emission control consisting of the Euro 6/VI standards,the limitation of vehicle population and usage,and the scrappage of older vehicles is applied,Nanjing and Wuxi will not be able to meet the NOx emissions target by ***,additional control measures are proposed for Nanjing and Wuxi to further mitigate NOx emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles.

关键词： Vehicle Emission control Scenario Yangtze River Delta

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Ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potential from anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emissions in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 224-237页

作者： WenJing Wu Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality Tsinghua UniversityBeijin9 100084China Joint Institute for Earth System Science and Engineering Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA.

Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are major precursors for ozone and secondary organic aerosol （SOA）, both of which greatly harm human health and significantly affect the Earth＇s climate. We simultaneously estimated ozone and SOA formation from anthropogenic VOCs emissions in China by employing photochemical ozone creation potential （POCP） values and SOA yields. We gave special attention to large molecular species and adopted the SOA yield curves from latest smog chamber experiments. The estimation shows that alkylbenzenes are greatest contributors to both ozone and SOA formation （36.0% and 51.6%, respectively）, while toluene and xylenes are largest contributing individual VOCs. Industry solvent use, industry process and domestic combustion are three sectors with the largest contributions to both ozone （24.7%, 23.0% and 17.8%, respectively） and SOA （22.9%, 34.6% and 19.6%, respectively） formation. In terms of the formation potential per unit VOCs emission, ozone is sensitive to open biomass burning, transportation, and domestic solvent use, and SOA is sensitive to industry process, domestic solvent use, and domestic combustion. Biomass stoves, paint application in industrial protection and buildings, adhesives application are key individual sources to ozone and SOA formation, whether measured by total contribution or contribution per unit VOCs emission. The results imply that current VOCs control policies should be extended to cover most important industrial sources, and the control measures for biomass stoves should be tightened. Finally, discrepant VOCs control policies should be implemented in different regions based on their ozone/aerosol concentration levels and dominant emission sources for ozone and SOA formation potential.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)OzoneSecondary organic aerosol (SOA)Formation potentialcontrol strategy

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Traffic Signal Timing via Deep Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2016年第3期3卷 247-254,254+248-253页

作者： Li Li Yisheng Lv Fei-Yue Wang IEEE Department of Automation Tsinghua University Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper, we propose a set of algorithms to design signal timing plans via deep reinforcement learning. The core idea of this approach is to set up a deep neural network (DNN) to learn the Q-function of reinforcement learning from the sampled traffic state/control inputs and the corresponding traffic system performance output. Based on the obtained DNN, we can find the appropriate signal timing policies by implicitly modeling the control actions and the change of system states. We explain the possible benefits and implementation tricks of this new approach. The relationships between this new approach and some existing approaches are also carefully discussed. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Algorithms Timing circuits Traffic control Traffic signals

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Determination of Polynomial Degree in the Regression of Drug Combinations

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2017年第1期4卷 41-47页

作者： Boqian Wang Xianting Ding Fei-Yue Wang School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University IEEE State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Science (SKL-MCCS CASIA) Research Center of Computational Experiments and Parallel Systems National University of Defense Technology

Studies on drug combinations are becoming more and more popular in the past few decades, with the development of computer and algorithms. One of the most common methods in optimizing drug combinations is regression of a polynomial model based on certain number of experimental observations. In this paper, we study how to determine the degree of polynomials in different circumstances of drug combination optimization. Using cross-validation, we have found that in most cases, a high degree results in failures of accurate prediction, named overfitting. An anti-noise test has also revealed that polynomial model with high degree tends to be less resistant to random errors in the observations. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Acoustics Random errors Regression analysis

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The strategies of avoiding energy holes in wireless sensor networks

The strategies of avoiding energy holes in wireless sensor n...

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4th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, CISP 2011

作者： Wang, Zhengjie Qian, Xu Zhao, Xiaoguang Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Management of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424493067

Wireless sensor networks are characterized by multihop network. Some nodes in network are required to forward a disproportionately high amount of traffic and die early, leaving the unmonitored areas in network and leading to the problem of energy hole. This paper investigates a variety of strategies to avoid the energy hole, such as communication power control, data aggregation, nonuniform energy distribution, mobile node auxiliary and clustering. The analysis and comparison of different strategies are given and the advantages and disadvantage of them are discussed in this paper. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Optimal Self-Learning Cooperative control for Continuous-Time Heterogeneous Multi-Agent systems 34

Optimal Self-Learning Cooperative Control for Continuous-Tim...

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第三十四届中国控制会议

作者： WEI Qinglai LIU Derong SONG Ruizhuo The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

ISBN: (纸本)9781467374439

In this paper, an optimal self-learning cooperative control for heterogeneous multi-agent systems by iterative adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) is developed. The main idea is to design an optimal control law by policy iteration based ADP technique which makes all the agents track a given dynamics and simultaneously makes the iterative performance index function reach the Nash equilibrium. The cooperative policy iteration algorithm for graphical differential games is developed to achieve the optimal control law for the agent of each node. Convergence properties are analyzed which make the performance index functions of heterogeneous multi-agent differential graphical games converge to the Nash equilibrium. Simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the developed optimal self-learning control scheme.

关键词： Adaptive Critic Designs,Adaptive Dynamic Programming,Approximate Dynamic Programming,Heterogeneous Multi-Agents,Graphical Games,Policy Iteration,Synchronization

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Discrete-time Optimal Zero-sum Games for Nonlinear systems via Adaptive Dynamic Programming 6

Discrete-time Optimal Zero-sum Games for Nonlinear Systems v...

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2017 IEEE 6th Data Driven control and Learning systems Conference (DDCLS’17)

作者： Qinglai Wei Ruizhuo Song Yancai Xu Derong Liu Qiao Lin The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

ISBN: (纸本)9781509054626

In this paper, a novel discrete-time iterative zero-sum adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) algorithm is developed for solving the optimal control problems of nonlinear systems. Two iteration processes, which are lower and upper iterations, are employed to solve the lower and upper value functions, respectively. Arbitrary positive semi-definite functions are acceptable to initialize the upper and lower iterations of the iterative zero-sum ADP algorithm. It is proven that the upper and lower value functions converge to the optimal performance index function if the optimal performance index function exists, where the existence criterion of the optimal performance index function is unnecessary. Simulation examples are given to illustrate the effective performance of the present method.

关键词： Approximate dynamic programming adaptive dynamic programming zero-sum game optimal control

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Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Solving Leader-Following Problem of Multi-Agent systems with Communication Noises

Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Solving Leader-Follo...

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第25届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Yunpeng Wang Long Cheng Zeng-Guang Hou Min Tan Huiyang Liu Min Wang State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems (SKLMCCS) Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information and Electrical Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467355339

The leader-following problem of first-order integral multi-agent systems with communication noises is investigated in this paper. To attenuate the noise's effect, a positive time-varying gain a(t) is employed in the protocol. It is proved that the proposed protocol can solve the mean square leader-following problem if the following conditions hold: 1) the communication topology graph has a spanning tree;2) ∫∞0 a(t)dt = ∞;3) lim t→∞ a(t) = 0. The requirements on a(t) are different from most existing papers, where a(t) is required to satisfy that ∫∞0 a(t) = ∞ and ∫∞0 a2(t) < ∞. It turns out that ∫∞0 a2(t) < ∞ implies lim t→∞ a(t) = 0, if a(t) is uniformly continuous. Therefore this paper relaxes the requirements on a(t) to some extent. In addition, under the mild condition (a(t) is uniformly continuous) these three conditions are necessary as well. Furthermore, if ∫∞0 a2(t)<∞, the employed protocol is proved to be able to solve the almost sure leader-following problem of first-order integral multi-agent system. Finally, a simulation example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the employed protocols.

关键词： Leader-following, Consensus, Multi-agent system, Communication noise

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Operation conditions design based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis for glycosylation reactions 36

Operation conditions design based on the qualitative and qua...

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： Yuhan Nan Jing Wang Jinlin Zhou Long Cheng College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology State key laboratory of management and control for complex systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

Glycosylation reactions play a significant role on the targeted therapy of monoclonal antibody *** this paper,a new method implemented by combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis is introduced to optimize the operating conditions of glycosylation reaction ***,gain matrix based on ANOVA design is presented to evaluate the relationship between reaction output(different glycan classes) and system input(glycosylation enzymes).Due to the high dimension and high nonlinearity of glycosylation reactions,the singular value decomposition of process gain matrix is adopted to qualitatively analyze the effect of glycosylation enzymes in order to find the appropriate operation ***,genetic algorithm is used to quantitatively optimize the operation conditions for desired target of monoclonal antibody *** quantitative operation conditions are consistent with the reaction mechanism and qualitative analysis results of process gain.

关键词： Operating Conditions Optimization Gain Matrix Genetic Algorithm

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Click frauds and price determination models

Click frauds and price determination models

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2012 10th IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics, ISI 2012

作者： Li, Xiarong Zeng, Daniel Wang, Lei State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Arizona United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467321037

Click fraud (CF) has become a serious problem in the online advertising, making the anti-CF issue quite important. In this paper, we analyze the effects of the price determination model on the CF situations in online advertising. Our theoretical results show that the flat-rate model can induce more click frauds than the real-time-bidding model. Our finding is validated with a real advertising dataset. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Marketing

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