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Revealing ionically isolated Li loss in practical rechargeable Li metal pouch cells

Science Bulletin 2025年第6期70卷 914-922页

作者： Xiangrui Duan Yuanjian Li Kai Huang Shuibin Tu Guocheng Li Wenyu Wang Hongyu Luo Zihe Chen Chunhao Li Kai Cheng Xin-Xin Wang Li Wang Yongming Sun Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mold Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mold Technology Department of MechanicsSchool of Aerospace EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Institute of Nuclear&New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The degradation of rechargeable lithium(Li)metal batteries is primarily attributed to active Li loss,encompassing isolated Li,also known as“dead Li”,and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI-Li).Comprehending the formation of dead Li is pivotal for devising strategies to mitigate Li ***,we reveal the existence of an alternative form of dead Li,termed ionically isolated Li(I-iLi),which diverges from the traditionally recognized electronically isolated Li(E-iLi).This phenomenon is elucidated through a quantitative analysis of electrolyte-dependent capacity recovery at a specific state of health(SOH)in high-energy pouch cells,which originates from disconnections within the Li-ion percolation network induced by electrolyte ***,we propose the electrolyte infilling ratio(EFR),contingent upon the porosity of Li deposits and electrolyte retention,as a criterion to evaluate electrode *** uphold a high EFR environment,we introduce stress modulation to compact the anode structure and mitigate electrolyte degradation,significantly reducing the I-iLi content from 21%at 0.1 MPa to 1%at 1 *** these insights,a prototype anode-free LiNi_(0.95)Mn_(0.03)Co_(0.02)O_(2)||Cu pouch cell(1.4 Ah)achieves an extraordinary cell-level energy density of 551 Wh kg^(−1)and maintains 70%capacity after 100 cycles at 0.2 C.

关键词： Dead Li Ionically isolated Li Electrolyte infilling ratio Li metal batteries Lean electrolyte conditions

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Contextual design and real-time verification for agile casting design

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China Foundry 2025年第2期22卷 231-238页

作者： Dong Xiang Chu-hao Zhou Xuan-pu Dong Shu-ren Guo Yan-song Ding Hua-tang Cao State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mold Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In the foundry industries,process design has traditionally relied on manuals and complex theoretical *** the advent of 3D design in casting,computer-aided design(CAD)has been applied to integrate the features of casting process,thereby expanding the scope of design *** technologies use parametric model design techniques for rapid component creation and use databases to access standard process parameters and design ***,3D models are currently still created through inputting or calling parameters,which requires numerous verifications through calculations to ensure the design *** process may be significantly slowed down due to repetitive modifications and extended design *** a result,there are increasingly urgent demands for a real-time verification mechanism to address this ***,this study proposed a novel closed-loop model and software development method that integrated contextual design with real-time verification,dynamically verifying relevant rules for designing 3D casting ***,the study analyzed three typical closed-loop scenarios of agile design in an independent developed intelligent casting process *** is believed that foundry industries can potentially benefit from favorably reduced design cycles to yield an enhanced competitive product market.

关键词： agile design context-design casting process design real-time verification smart manufacturing

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Metallized polymer current collector as“stress acceptor”for stable micron-sized silicon anodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 786-794,I0017页

作者： Ziyi Cao Haoteng Sun Yi Zhang Lixia Yuan Yaqi Liao Haijin Ji Shuaipeng Hao Zhen Li Long Qie Yunhui Huang State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mold Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Department of Chemistry Brown UniversityProvidence RI 02912United States

Micron-sized silicon(μSi)is a promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity,low cost,and abundant ***,the volume expansion that occurs during cycling leads to the accumulation of undesirable stresses,resulting in pulverization of silicon microparticles and shortened lifespan of the ***,a composite film of Cu-PET-Cu is proposed as the current collector(CC)forμSi anodes to replace the conventional Cu ***-PET-Cu CC is prepared by depositing Cu on both sides of a polyethylene terephthalate(PET)*** PET layer promises good ductility of the film,permitting the Cu-PET-Cu CC to accommodate the volumetric changes of silicon microparticles and facilitates the stress release through ductile *** a result,theμSi electrode with Cu-PET-Cu CC retains a high specific capacity of 2181 mA h g^(-1),whereas theμSi electrode with Cu CC(μSi/Cu)exhibits a specific capacity of 1285 mA h g^(-1)after 80 *** stress relieving effect of CuPET-Cu was demonstrated by in-situ fiber optic stress monitoring and multi-physics *** work proposes an effective stress relief strategy at the electrode level for the practical implementation ofμSi anodes.

关键词： Micron-sized Si anodes Metallized polymer current collector Stress relieving Electrode design

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Mechanical Response and Superelastic Properties of Cu-11.85Al-3.2Mn-0.1Ti TPMS Structures Printed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2025年第1期38卷 17-30页

作者： Mingzhu Dang Honghao Xiang Jingjing Li Chunsheng Ye Chao Cai Qingsong Wei State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Triply periodic minimal surfaces(TPMS)are structures with smooth surfaces and excellent energy absorption *** new functional materials,such as shape memory alloys,with TPMS structures provides a novel and promising research *** this study,three TPMS structures(Gyroid,Diamond,and Primitive)of Cu-11.85Al-3.2Mn-0.1Ti alloy were printed by laser powder bed fusion,which is favorable for the fabrication of complex *** manufacturing fidelity,mechanical response,and superelastic properties of the three structures were *** distributions in the three structures during compression were analyzed by finite element(FE)*** three structures were equipped with high-quality,glossy surfaces and uniform ***,due to powder adhesion and forming steps,there were volumetric errors and dimensional deviations between the samples and the CAD *** errors were within 1.6%for the Gyroid and Diamond *** dimensional deviations at the nodes in the three structures were less than 0.09 *** microstructures of all structures wereβ1´martensite,consistent with the cubic *** results of compression showed that the structures underwent a layer-by-layer compression failure mode,and the Primitive structures exhibited a more pronounced oscillatory *** Diamond structures showed the highest first fracture stress and strain of 164.67 MPa and 13.89%,*** also possessed the lowest yield strength(61.97 MPa)and the best energy absorption properties(7.6 MJ/m3).Through the deformation analysis,the Gyroid and Diamond structures were found to fracture at a 45°direction,while the Primitive structures fractured *** findings were consistent with the results obtained from the FE simulation,which showed equivalent stress *** applying various pre-strains,the Diamond structures displayed the highest superelastic strain of up to 3.53%.The superelastic recovery of all samples r

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Shape memory alloy Triply periodic minimal surfaces Mechanical response Energy absorption

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Ultralow-Vertical-Current Magnetization Switching Effect in an All Van Der Waals 2D Heterostructure

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Chinese Physics Letters 2025年第2期42卷 239-248页

作者： Hao Wu Li Yang Gaojie Zhang Wen Jin Jie Yu Bichen Xiao Ahmed Annas Wenfeng Zhang Haixin Chang Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mold TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518000China

The manipulation of magnetization and spin polarization using electrical currents represents a fundamental breakthrough in *** has formed the foundation for data storage and next-generation computing ***-transfer torque(STT)and spin-orbit torque(SOT)have emerged as prominent mechanisms in current-driven magnetization ***,these approaches typically require critical current densities in the range of 10^(6) to 10^(9) A·cm^(-2),resulting in significant heat generation during data writing ***,we report the discovery of an ultralow-vertical-current magnetization switching effect in a van der Waals ferromagnetic/ferroelectric heterostructure based on the modulation of the critical magnetic field(H_(C))using small vertical currents,with a critical current density as low as 1.81A·cm^(-2) and an average effective field(H_(eff)/J_(C))as high as 150.3mT·A^(-1)·cm^(2).This unique magnetization switching effect with ultralow-critical-vertical-current densities typically six to nine orders of magnitude lower than those of the STT and SOT provides a new transformative and viable pathway for developing next-generation spintronic and quantum technologies.

关键词： magnetization critical typically

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Elastic properties of Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wires for pulsed magnets investigated by ultrasonic techniques

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 90-95页

作者： Ziyu Li Tianyi Gu Wenqi Wei Yang Yuan Zhuo Wang Kangjian Luo Yupeng Pan Jianfeng Xie Shaozhe Zhang Tao Peng Lin Liu Qi Chen Xiaotao Han Yongkang Luo Liang Li Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory for Materials Processing and Die&Mold TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Conductor materials with good mechanical performance as well as high electrical and thermal conductivities are particularly important to break through the current bottle-neck limit(~ 100 T) of pulsed magnets. Here, we perform systematic studies on the elastic properties of the Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wire, which is a promising candidate material for the new-generation pulsed magnets, by employing two independent ultrasonic techniques, i.e., resonant ultrasound spectroscopy(RUS) and ultrasound pulse-echo experiments. Our RUS measurements manifest that the elastic properties of the Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wires can be improved by an electroplastic drawing procedure as compared with the conventional cold drawing. We also take this opportunity to test the availability of our newly-built ultrasound pulse-echo facility at the Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(WHMFC, China), and the results suggest that the elastic performance of the electroplastically-drawn Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wire remains excellent without anomalous softening under extreme conditions,e.g., in ultra-high magnetic field up to 50 T and nitrogen or helium cryogenic liquids.

关键词： high-field magnet Cu–Ag alloy ultrasonic techniques elastic constants

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Influence of surface layer slurry temperature on surface cracks and holes of ZTC4 titanium alloy by investment casting

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 90-98页

作者： Wei-dong Li Xu-na Shi State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology and School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute Luoyang 471039China Luoyang Ruize Petrochemical Engineering Co. Ltd.Luoyang 471003China

In this work,the influences of surface layer slurry at different temperatures(10℃,14℃,18℃,22℃)on wax patterns deformation,shrinkage,slurry coating characteristics,and the surface quality of the casting were investigated by using a single factor variable *** surface morphologies of the shell molds produced by different temperatures of the surface(first)layer slurries were observed via electron ***,the microscopic composition of these shell molds was obtained by EDS,and the osmotic effect of the slurry on the wax patterns at different temperatures was also assessed by the PZ-200 Contact Angle *** forming reasons for the surface cracks and holes of thick and large ZTC4 titanium alloy by investment casting were *** experimental results show that the surface of the shell molds prepared by the surface layer slurry with a low temperature exhibits noticeable damage,which is mainly due to the poor coating performance and the serious expansion and contraction of wax pattern at low *** second layer shell material(SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3))immerses into the crack area of the surface layer,contacts and reacts with the molten titanium to form surface cracks and holes in the *** the increase of the temperature of surface layer slurry,the damage to the shell surface tends to weaken,and the composition of the shell molds'surface becomes more uniform with less *** results show that the surface layer slurry at 22℃is evenly coated on the surface of the wax patterns with appropriate thickness,and there is no surface shell mold rupture caused by sliding slurry after sand *** surface layer slurry temperature is consistent with the wax pattern temperature and the workshop temperature,so there is no damage of the surface layer shell caused by expansion and ***,the shell mold prepared by the surface layer slurry at this temperature has good integrity,isolating the contact between the low inert

关键词： titanium alloy surface layer slurry surface cracks surface holes investment casting

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Effect of Al on the sealing performance of Al-Al2O3 composite materials for intermediate temperature planar SOFC application

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Ceramics International 2025年第14期51卷 19524-19534页

作者： Zhao, Xuepeng Wang, Xiaochun Wu, Biao Dang, Siyuan Li, Li Wang, Wei Gu, Yinwen Pu, Jian School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering Jiangsu University of Technology Jiangsu Changzhou213001 China Center for Fuel Cell Innovation School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science & Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China Jiangsu Jingci Intelligent Sensing Technology Research Insitute Co. LTD Jiangsu Changzhou213001 China

To satisfy the requirements of planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) in reliable gas tightness for the separation of fuel and oxidant, Al-Al2O3 composite seals with various Al amounts of 10–30 wt% are fabricated in this work and afterwards, effect of Al on their thermal expansion behavior and gas leakage rate are investigated at different temperatures. It is demonstrated that the presented Al-Al2O3 composite seal containing 15 wt% Al (denoted as A15) exhibits a low gas leakage rate of 0.021 sccm cm−1 under input gas pressure of 20.7 kPa between 650 °C and 800 °C. Further studies show that stable leakage rates can be maintained below 0.027 sccm cm−1 after enduring 10 thermal cycles or holding for 100 h test at 750 °C, revealing that a small amount of Al addition could significantly improve the sealing performance and thermal cycle stability of Al-Al2O3 composite seal. XRD and SEM results suggest that A15 has excellent structural stability and interfacial chemical compatibility, which can be attributed to the continuous oxidation of Al powders blocking the leakage paths and the formation of the well bonding interface between interconnect/seal/cell anode. It is also found that the open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1-cell stack is 1.13 V at 750 °C for 100 h and undetectable voltage degradation are observed which means the A15 composite seal has excellent gas tightness for 1-cell stack. The experimental results confirm the promising potential of Al-Al2O3 composite seal in SOFC application, which provides a new direction for the development of high performance seal material in the future. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Aluminum oxide

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Phase engineering of H/T-Nb_(2)O_(5) homojunction for enhanced lithium-ion storage

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ChemPhysMater 2025年第1期4卷 3-8页

作者： Sheng Li Jun Li Wenjie Zhang Sherif A.El‐Khodary Yubo Luo Dickon H.L.Ng Xiaoshui Peng Jiabiao Lian State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518172China

Phase engineering has gained significant attention in energy-storage applications due to its ability to tailor the physicochemical properties and functionalities of electrode *** this study,we demonstrate the in-situ partial phase conversion of niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5),resulting in the formation of a monoclinic/orthorhombic(H/T-Nb2O5)heterophase *** study further confirms that the unique heterophase interface plays a crucial role in regulating the local electronic environment,resulting in charge redistribution,the formation of an internal electric field,and enhanced electron ***,the presence of abundant phase interfaces offers additional reactive sites for Li+ion adsorption,thereby enhancing reaction *** synergistic effects within the H/T-Nb2O5 homojunction are reflected in its high Li+storage capacity(413 mAh g^(−1) at 100 mA g^(−1)),superior rate capability,and cycling ***,this study demonstrates that the construction of heterophase homojunctions offers a promising strategy for developing high-performance anode materials for efficient Li-ion storage.

关键词： Phase engineering Monoclinic/Rthorhombic Nb2O5 homojunction Kinetics analysis Li-ion storage

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Leaky integrate-and-fire and oscillation neurons based on ZnO diffusive memristors for spiking neural networks

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Science China materials 2025年第4期68卷 1212-1219页

作者： Liang Wang Le Zhang Shuaibin Hua Qiuyun Fu Xin Guo Engineering Research Center for Functional Ceramics of Ministry of Education School of Integrated CircuitsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Diffusive threshold switching(TS)memristors have emerged as a promising candidate for artificial neurons,effectively replicating neuronal functions and enabling spiking neural networks(SNNs)to emulate the low-power processing of biological *** this study,we present an artificial neuron based on a Pt/Ag/ZnO/Pt volatile memristor,which exhibits exceptional TS characteristics,including electro-forming-free operation,low voltage requirements(<0.2 V),high stability(2.25%variation over 1024 cycles),a high on/off ratio(106),and inherent *** Pt/Ag/ZnO/Pt diffusive memristors are employed to simultaneously emulate oscillation neurons and leaky integrate-and-fire(LIF)neurons,enabling precise modulation of oscillation and firing frequencies through pulse parameters while maintaining low energy consumption(1.442 nJ per spike).We further integrate the oscillation and LIF neurons as input and output neurons,respectively,in a two-layer SNN,achieving a high classification accuracy of 89.17%on MNIST-based voltage *** work underscores the potential of ZnO diffusive memristors in emulating stable artificial neurons and highlights their promise for advanced neuromorphic computing applications using SNNs.

关键词： threshold-switching memristor volatile diffusive memristor oscillation neurons leaky integrate-and-fire neurons spiking neural networks

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