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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jiang, Chen Pan, Yu Wu, Zheng-Guang Gao, Qing Dong, Daoyi State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China The School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100191 China The School of Engineering and Information Technology University of New South Wales CanberraACT2600 Australia

The current quantum reinforcement learning control models often assume that the quantum states are known a priori for control optimization. However, full observation of quantum state is experimentally infeasible due to the exponential scaling of the number of required quantum measurements on the number of qubits. In this paper, we investigate a robust reinforcement learning method using partial observations to overcome this difficulty. This control scheme is compatible with near-term quantum devices, where the noise is prevalent and predetermining the dynamics of quantum state is practically impossible. We show that this simplified control scheme can achieve similar or even better performance when compared to the conventional methods relying on full observation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this scheme on examples of quantum state control and quantum approximate optimization algorithm. It has been shown that high-fidelity state control can be achieved even if the noise amplitude is at the same level as the control amplitude. Besides, an acceptable level of optimization accuracy can be achieved for QAOA with noisy control Hamiltonian. This robust control optimization model can be trained to compensate the uncertainties in practical quantum computing. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Robust control

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A biologically plausible audio-visual integration model for continual learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Chen, Wenjie Du, Fengtong Wang, Ye Cao, Lihong State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication Communication University of China Beijing China Neuroscience and Intelligent Media Institute Communication University of China Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi China

The problem of catastrophic forgetting has a history of more than 30 years and has not been completely solved yet. Since the human brain has natural ability to perform continual lifelong learning, learning from the brain may provide solutions to this problem. In this paper, we propose a novel biologically plausible audio-visual integration model (AVIM) based on the assumption that the integration of audio and visual perceptual information in the medial temporal lobe during learning is crucial to form concepts and make continual learning possible. Specifically, we use multi-compartment Hodgkin-Huxley neurons to build the model and adopt the calcium-based synaptic tagging and capture as the model’s learning rule. Furthermore, we define a new continual learning paradigm to simulate the possible continual learning process in the human brain. We then test our model under this new paradigm. Our experimental results show that the proposed AVIM can achieve state-of-the-art continual learning performance compared with other advanced methods such as OWM, iCaRL and GEM. Moreover, it can generate stable representations of objects during learning. These results support our assumption that concept formation is essential for continuous lifelong learning and suggest the proposed AVIM is a possible concept formation mechanism. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Brain

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Upper Security Bounds for Coherent-One-Way Quantum key Distribution

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第26期125卷 260510-260510页

作者： Javier González-Payo Róbert Trényi Weilong Wang Marcos Curty Escuela de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación Department of Signal Theory and Communications University of Vigo Vigo E-36310 Spain State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China

The performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely limited by multiphoton pulses emitted by laser sources due to the photon-number splitting attack. Coherent-one-way (COW) QKD has been introduced as a promising solution to overcome this limitation, and thus extend the achievable distance of practical QKD. Indeed, thanks to its experimental simplicity, the COW protocol is already used in commercial applications. Here, we derive simple upper security bounds on its secret key rate, which demonstrate that it scales at most quadratically with the system’s transmittance, thus solving a long-standing problem. That is, in contrast to what has been claimed, this approach is inappropriate for long-distance QKD transmission. Remarkably, our findings imply that all implementations of the COW protocol performed so far are insecure.

关键词： Quantum communication Quantum cryptography

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Personalized PBPK modeling can reduce uncertainty of the dose prediction in radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT): a simulation study

Personalized PBPK modeling can reduce uncertainty of the dos...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： R. Hu J. Luo B. Saboury P. Heidari Q. Li H. Liu N. Guo Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School The Center for Advanced Medical Computing and Analysis Boston Massachusetts United States of America Department of Optical Engineering Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Hangzhou China Department of Radiology Bethesda NIH Clinical Center Maryland United States of America Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts United States of America

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling plays a crucial role in optimizing dosimetry estimates for radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) on cancer patients. Presently, PBPK applications in RPT predominantly depend on population-level parameters, leading to large uncertainties on the dose prediction. These uncertainties can result in sub-optimal therapeutic effects, increase toxicity, and compromise treatment planning. In this study, we developed a whole body PBPK model, incorporating a Tumor compartment, to predict the dose in different organs. By personalizing certain anatomical and physiological parameters that could be potentially derived from pre-treatment PET/CT and blood test, we observed a substantial decrease in the uncertainty of dose prediction when utilizing personalized PBPK modeling.

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Metal-organic-framework-derived formation of Co–N-doped carbon materials for efficient oxygen reduction reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 137-143,I0005页

作者： Hao Tian Chi Zhang Panpan Su Zhangfeng Shen Hao Liu Guoxiu Wang Shaomin Liu Jian Liu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis iChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina Department of Chemical Engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Centre for Clean Energy Technology School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwaySydneyNSW 2007Australia Joint International Laboratory on Environmental and Energy Frontier Materials School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials Department of Chemical and Process Engineeringand Advanced Technology InstituteUniversity of SurreyGuilfordSurrey GU27XHUK State Key Laboratory of Catalysis iChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023 LiaoningChina

Non-precious metal nitrogen-doped carbonaceous materials have attracted tremendous attention in the field of electrochemical energy storage and ***,we report the designed synthesis of a novel series of Co-N-C nanocomposites and their evaluation of electrochemical *** yolkshell structured Co nanoparticles@polymer materials are fabricated from the facile coating polymer strategy on the surface of *** calcination in nitrogen atmosphere,the Co–N–C nanocomposites in which cobalt metal nanoparticles are embedded in the highly porous and graphitic carbon matrix are successfully *** cobalt nanoparticles containing cobalt metal crystallites with an oxidized shell and/or smaller(or amorphous)cobalt-oxide deposits appear on the surface of graphitic *** prepared Co–N–C nanoparticles showed favorable electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reactions,which is attributed to its high graphitic degree,large surface area and the large amount existence of Co–N active sites.

关键词： Metal-organic-framework Resin polymer Oxygen reduction reaction Electrocatalysts

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Quantum Squeezing Induced Optical Nonreciprocity

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Physical Review Letters 2022年第8期128卷 083604-083604页

作者： Lei Tang Jiangshan Tang Mingyuan Chen Franco Nori Min Xiao keyu Xia College of Engineering and Applied Sciences National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China RIKEN Quantum Computing Center RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan Physics Department The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Department of Physics University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China

We propose an all-optical approach to achieve optical nonreciprocity on a chip by quantum squeezing one of two coupled resonator modes. By parametric pumping a χ(2)-nonlinear resonator unidirectionally with a classical coherent field, we squeeze the resonator mode in a selective direction due to the phase-matching condition, and induce a chiral photon interaction between two resonators. Based on this chiral interresonator coupling, we achieve an all-optical diode and a three-port quasicirculator. By applying a second squeezed-vacuum field to the squeezed resonator mode, our nonreciprocal device also works for single-photon pulses. We obtain an isolation ratio of >40 dB for the diode and fidelity of >98% for the quasicirculator, and insertion loss of <1 dB for both. We also show that nonreciprocal transmission of strong light can be switched on and off by a relative weak pump light. This achievement implies a nonreciprocal optical transistor. Our protocol opens up a new route to achieve integrable all-optical nonreciprocal devices permitting chip-compatible optical isolation and nonreciporcal quantum information processing.

关键词： Light-matter interaction Nonlinear optics Quantum optics

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Privacy-Preserving Decision Protocols Based on Quantum Oblivious key Distribution

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第9期64卷 1915-1928页

作者： Kejia Zhang Chunguang Ma Zhiwei Sun Xue Zhang Baomin Zhou Yukun Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China School of Mathematical Science Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin150080China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Center for Quantum Computing Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen518055China College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China School of Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore117583Singapore

Oblivious key transfer(OKT)is a fundamental problem in the field of secure multi-party *** makes the provider send a secret key sequence to the user obliviously,i.e.,the user may only get almost one bit key in the sequence which is unknown to the ***,a number of works have sought to establish the corresponding quantum oblivious key transfer model and rename it as quantum oblivious key distribution(QOKD)from the well-known expression of quantum key distribution(QKD).In this paper,a new QOKD model is firstly proposed for the provider and user with limited quantum capabilities,where both of them just perform computational basis measurement for single *** we show that the privacy for both of them can be protected,since the probability of getting other’s raw-key bits without being detected is exponentially ***,we give the solutions to some special decision problems such as set-member decision and point-inclusion by announcing the improved shifting strategies followed ***,the further discussions and applications of our ideas have been presented.

关键词： Quantum cryptography quantum computing privacy-preserving quantum oblivious key distribution set-member decision point-inclusion decision

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Recent progress of integrated circuits and optoelectronic chips

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第10期64卷 103-135页

作者： Yue HAO Shuiying XIANG Genquan HAN Jincheng ZHANG Xiaohua MA Zhangming ZHU Xingxing GUO Yahui ZHANG Yanan HAN Ziwei SONG Yan LIU Ling YANG Hong ZHOU Jiangyi SHI Wei ZHANG Min XU Weisheng ZHAO Biao PAN Yangqi HUANG Qi LIU Yimao CAI Jian ZHU Xin OU Tiangui YOU Huaqiang WU Bin GAO Zhiyong ZHANG Guoping GUO Yonghua CHEN Yong LIU Xiangfei CHEN Chunlai XUE Xingjun WANG Lixia ZHAO Xihua ZOU Lianshan YAN Ming LI School of Microelectronics Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University National Integrated Circuit Innovation Center School of Microelectronics Fudan University School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Beihang University China Center for Information Industry Development Frontier Institute of Chip and System Fudan University Institute of Microelectronics Peking University Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute State Key Laboratory of Functional Material for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University Center for Carbon-based Electronics Department of Electronics Peking University CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tiangong University Center for Information Photonics and Communications School of Information Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong University School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering

Integrated circuits(ICs) and optoelectronic chips are the foundation stones of the modern information society. The IC industry has been driven by the so-called "Moore's law" in the past 60 years, and now has entered the post Moore's law era. In this paper, we review the recent progress of ICs and optoelectronic chips. The research status, technical challenges and development trend of devices, chips and integrated technologies of typical IC and optoelectronic chips are focused on. The main contents include the development law of IC and optoelectronic chip technology, the IC design and processing technology, emerging memory and chip architecture, brain-like chip structure and its mechanism, heterogeneous integration, quantum chip technology, silicon photonics chip technology, integrated microwave photonic chip, and optoelectronic hybrid integrated chip.

关键词： integrated circuit semiconductor science and technology optoelectronic device and chip photonic integrated circuit wide bandgap semiconductors silicon photonics hybrid integration quantum chip integrated microwave photonic photonic neural computing

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Design and Validation of a Hyper-converged Blockchain Hardware and Software System Based on Domestic Chips 1st

Design and Validation of a Hyper-converged Blockchain Hardwa...

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1st Conference on Blockchain and Web3.0 Technology Innovation and Application, BWTAC 2024

作者： Liu, Xiaolong Yuan, Bo Wu, Faguo Enterprise Technology Center Aerospace Legione Technology Co. Ltd Haidian Beijing100195 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Haidian Beijing100191 China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Haidian Beijing100191 China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University Haidian Beijing100191 China Beihang University Haidian Beijing100191 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing Beihang University Haidian Beijing100191 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819794119

This paper proposes a hyper-converged blockchain hardware and software sys-tem based on domestic chips. By utilizing domestically firmware, the Linux operating system, X86 architecture Hygon processors, and ARM architecture Phytium processors, combined with servers, storage, network, and independently controllable blockchain technologies, the system achieves integrated hardware and software optimization. This significantly improves performance and scalability. Experimental results demonstrate that the system performs excellently in various high-security application scenarios, providing reliable solutions for government, finance, taxation, transportation, energy, and telecommunications sectors. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Firmware

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DCTCP with Front Marking: Decouple ECN Control Loop From The Queuing Delay

DCTCP with Front Marking: Decouple ECN Control Loop From The...

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IEEE International Conference on High Performance computing and Communications (HPCC)

作者： Xu Ma Yifei Lu Zhengzhi Xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China State Key Lab of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi China

Datacenter transports should provide low flow completion times (FCT) to achieve desired application performance for short flows, and it should also ensure largely sustained throughput for long flows. DCTCP is designed for datacenter to achieve those goals. As an end-to-end congestion algorithm, DCTCP marks packets, those exceed the threshold utilizing Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) and feedbacks congestion extent to the sender for accurate congestion control. However, DCTCP marks the packet at the tail of the queue, which causes the ECN signal to experience hundreds of microseconds queue delay. In this paper, an enhanced DCTCP called DCTCP-FM (DCTCP with front marking) is designed based on the notion of ECN. DCTCP-FM ensures ECN marking on the front of queue. Thus, the mark always conveys the up-to-date information about the state of congestion at the time of packet departure, eliminating packets queuing delay. As a result, the sender can cut down its congestion window timely to alleviate congestion. Our preliminary simulation results show that compared to DCTCP, DCTCP-FM can: 1)put off the throughput collapse caused by Incast traffic; 2)reduce the buffer size requirement at the switch and avoid packet losses when the buffer is limited; 3)suppress queue oscillation to reduce end-to-end latency; 4) reduce 99th percentile FCTs of short flows in a real datacenter simulation.

关键词： Data centers Simulation High performance computing Conferences Packet loss Switches Jitter

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