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Research on Programmable Logic Controller Security

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第4期569卷

作者： Haolan Wu Yangyang Geng Ke Liu Wenwen Liu State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou 450001 China

With the convergence of computer technology and industrial networks, attackers are not limited to attacking only individual users' computers, turning to attack industrial control systems that can cause major infrastructure problems. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) are the core components of industrial control systems. Its safety has a profound impact on the safety of the entire industrial system. This paper firstly classifies the security research of PLC according to the structure and function, and expounds the existing security defects of PLC from the aspects of firmware security, operation security and program security. Then it summarizes and analyzes four types of security protection measures: the integrity of verification firmware, protocol security encryption, code formal verification, and program security defence detection. Finally, according to the overall safety of the industrial system and the actual development of the current PLC, we discuss the development trend of safety research.

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Master stability functions for complete, intralayer, and interlayer synchronization in multiplex networks of coupled Rössler oscillators

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Physical Review E 2019年第1期99卷 012304-012304页

作者： Longkun Tang Xiaoqun Wu Jinhu Lü Jun-an Lu Raissa M. D'Souza Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Computation Science School of Mathematical Science Huaqiao University Quanzhou 362021 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Department of Computer Science University of California Davis California 95616 USA School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

Synchronization phenomena are of broad interest across disciplines and increasingly of interest in a multiplex network setting. For the multiplex network of coupled Rössler oscillators, here we show how the master stability function, a celebrated framework for analyzing synchronization on a single network, can be extended to certain classes of multiplex networks with different intralayer and interlayer coupling functions. We derive three master stability equations that determine, respectively, the necessary regions of complete synchronization, intralayer synchronization, and interlayer synchronization. We calculate these three regions explicitly for the case of a two-layer network of Rössler oscillators and show that the overlap of the regions determines the type of synchronization achieved. In particular, if the interlayer or intralayer coupling function is such that the interlayer or intralayer synchronization region is empty, complete synchronization cannot be achieved regardless of the coupling strength. Furthermore, for any network structure, the occurrence of intralayer and interlayer synchronization depends mainly on the coupling functions of nodes within a layer and across layers, respectively. Our mathematical analysis requires that the intralayer and interlayer supra-Laplacians commute. But, we show this is only a sufficient, and not necessary, condition and that the results can be applied more generally.

关键词： Collective dynamics Synchronization Synchronization transition

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Publisher's Note: “Uncovering the path to low-field colossal magnetoresistance: A microscopic view of field driven percolative insulator-to-metal transition in manganites” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 122, 112402 (2023)]

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Applied Physics Letters 2023年第14期122卷

作者： Lifen Xiang Yang Shi Wei Chao Huanyu Zhang Qiang Li Wenjie Hu Wenbin Wang Hangwen Guo Changlin Zheng Joanne Etheridge Lifeng Yin Yinyan Zhu Xiaodong Zhou Jian Shen State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing and Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute Shanghai 200232 China Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan University Shanghai 201210 China Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China

This article was originally published online on 14 March 2023 with an error in the first author's name. The name is correct as it appears above. All online vers

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Pressure-induced large enhancement of Néel temperature and electric polarization in the hexagonal multiferroic Lu0.5Sc0.5FeO3

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Physical Review B 2019年第21期100卷 214408-214408页

作者： Fengliang Liu Changsong Xu Shoudong Shen Nana Li Hangwen Guo Xujie Lü Hongjun Xiang L. Bellaiche Jun Zhao Lifeng Yin Wenge Yang Wenbin Wang Jian Shen State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203 China Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China

Hexagonal ferrites (h−RFeO3) have attracted great attention for their high ferroelectric transition temperature, strong magnetoelectric couplings, and tunable Néel temperature (TN) and electric polarization. While introducing structural distortion has been previously found to be effective to raise TN and polarization in h−RFeO3, it is generally difficult to create sizable structural distortion by common approaches including substrate-induced epitaxial strain and chemical doping. Here, we use high-pressure x-ray-diffraction measurements to show that pressure can generate large structural distortion and R-layer displacement of h−RFeO3, resulting with dramatically enhancement of polarization and TN. Density-functional theory calculations reveal that the enlarged c/a ratio results in an ∼70 K increase of TN along with a significant enhancement of ferroelectric polarization. Our results suggest that pressure is effective to tune structural distortions and related multiferroicity of the h−RFeO3 system, making h−RFeO3 a promising material for spintronic applications.

关键词： Crystal structure Ferroelectricity First-principles calculations Magnetic phase transitions Pressure effects Multiferroics Density functional calculations X-ray diffraction

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Controlled Cyclic Remote state Preparation of Arbitrary Qubit states

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第5期55卷 321-329页

作者： Mingming Wang Chen Yang Reza Mousoli Shanxi Key Laboratory of Clothing Intelligence School of Computer ScienceXi’an Polytechnic UniversityXi’an 710048China State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Advanced Networking&Intelligent Information Services School of Computer ScienceXi’an Polytechnic UniversityXi’an 710048China School of Law Criminal Justice and ComputingCanterbury Christ Church UniversityCanterburyKentUK

Quantum secure communications could securely transmit quantum information by using quantum ***,novel applications such as bidirectional and asymmetric quantum protocols have been *** this paper,we propose a new method for generating entanglement which is highly useful for multiparty quantum communications such as teleportation and Remote state Preparation(RSP).As one of its applications,we propose a new type of quantum secure communications,*** RSP *** from a four-party controlled cyclic RSP protocol of one-qubit states,we show that this cyclic protocol can be generalized to a multiparty controlled cyclic RSP protocol for preparation of arbitrary qubit *** point out that previous bidirectional and asymmetric protocols can be regarded as a simpler form of our cyclic RSP protocols.

关键词： Quantum secure communications remote state preparation cyclic communications asymmetric communications bidirectional communications quantum control.

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Self-calibration of LHAASO-KM2A electromagnetic particle detectors using single particles within extensive air showers

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Physical Review D 2022年第12期106卷 122004-122004页

作者： F. Aharonian Q. An Axikegu L. X. Bai Y. X. Bai Y. W. Bao D. Bastieri X. J. Bi Y. J. Bi J. T. Cai Z. Cao J. Chang J. F. Chang E. S. Chen L. Chen M. J. Chen M. L. Chen Q. H. Chen S. H. Chen S. Z. Chen T. L. Chen Y. Chen H. L. Cheng N. Cheng Y. D. Cheng S. W. Cui X. H. Cui Y. D. Cui B. D’Ettorre Piazzoli B. Z. Dai H. L. Dai Z. G. Dai Danzengluobu D. della Volpe K. K. Duan J. H. Fan Y. Z. Fan Z. X. Fan J. Fang K. Fang C. F. Feng L. Feng S. H. Feng X. T. Feng Y. L. Feng B. Gao C. D. Gao L. Q. Gao Q. Gao W. Gao W. K. Gao M. M. Ge L. S. Geng G. H. Gong Q. B. Gou M. H. Gu F. L. Guo J. G. Guo X. L. Guo Y. Q. Guo Y. Y. Guo Y. A. Han H. H. He H. N. He S. L. He X. B. He Y. He M. Heller Y. K. Hor C. Hou X. Hou H. B. Hu Q. Hu S. Hu S. C. Hu X. J. Hu D. H. Huang W. H. Huang X. T. Huang X. Y. Huang Y. Huang Z. C. Huang X. L. Ji H. Y. Jia K. Jia K. Jiang Z. J. Jiang M. Jin M. M. Kang T. Ke D. Kuleshov K. Levochkin B. B. Li C. Li F. Li H. B. Li H. C. Li H. Y. Li J. Li K. Li W. L. Li X. R. Li X. Li Y. Z. Li Z. Li E. W. Liang Y. F. Liang S. J. Lin B. Liu C. Liu D. Liu H. Liu H. D. Liu J. Liu J. L. Liu J. S. Liu J. Y. Liu M. Y. Liu R. Y. Liu S. M. Liu W. Liu Y. Liu Y. N. Liu W. J. Long R. Lu Q. Luo H. K. Lv B. Q. Ma L. L. Ma X. H. Ma J. R. Mao A. Masood Z. Min W. Mitthumsiri Y. C. Nan Z. W. Ou B. Y. Pang P. Pattarakijwanich Z. Y. Pei M. Y. Qi Y. Q. Qi B. Q. Qiao J. J. Qin D. Ruffolo A. Sáiz C. Y. Shao L. Shao O. Shchegolev X. D. Sheng J. Y. Shi H. C. Song Yu. V. Stenkin V. Stepanov Y. Su Q. N. Sun X. N. Sun Z. B. Sun P. H. T. Tam Z. B. Tang W. W. Tian B. D. Wang C. Wang H. Wang H. G. Wang J. C. Wang J. S. Wang L. P. Wang L. Y. Wang R. Wang R. N. Wang W. Wang X. G. Wang X. Y. Wang Y. Wang Y. D. Wang Y. J. Wang Y. P. Wang Z. H. Wang Z. X. Wang Z. Wang D. M. Wei J. J. Wei Y. J. Wei T. Wen C. Y. Wu H. R. Wu S. Wu X. F. Wu Y. S. Wu S. Q. Xi J. Xia J. J. Xia G. M. Xiang D. X. Xiao G. Xiao G. G. Xin Y. L. Xin Y. Xing Z. Xiong D. L. Xu R. X. Xu L. Xue D. H. Yan J. Z. Yan C. W. Yang F. F. Yang H. W. Yang J. Y. Yang L. L. Yang M. J. Yang R. Z. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place 2 Dublin Ireland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O. Box 103980 69029 Heidelberg Germany State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China 230026 Hefei Anhui China School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University 610031 Chengdu Sichuan China College of Physics Sichuan University 610065 Chengdu Sichuan China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center 610299 Chengdu Sichuan China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University 210023 Nanjing Jiangsu China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy & Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 210023 Nanjing Jiangsu China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University) Ministry of Education 850000 Lhasa Tibet China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China Hebei Normal University 050024 Shijiazhuang Hebei China School of Physics and Astronomy (Zhuhai) & School of Physics (Guangzhou) & Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology (Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen University 519000 Zhuhai & 510275 Guangzhou Guangdong China Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo via Cinthia 80126 Napoli Italy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University 650091 Kunming Yunnan China Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Faculté de Sciences Université de Genève 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet 1211 Geneva Switzerland Institute of Frontier and Inte

In the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), the square kilometer array, with 5249 electromagnetic particle detectors (EDs) and 1188 muon detectors, is deployed to explore the gamma-ray sources above 30 TeV with unprecedented sensitivity and to measure primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 10 TeV to 100 PeV. The energetic particles produced by extensive air showers can serve as a continuously available source for calibration of the numerous EDs over a large area. In this study, the detector untriggered probability is first proposed to estimate the particle density at different distances from the shower core and distinguish the characteristic single-particle signal detected by each ED. This method uses science data directly, and does not require prior knowledge of the cosmic-ray elemental composition or hadronic interaction model. Experimental results show that this self-calibration can be used to determine the number of particles detected by each ED with an accuracy better than 2% within a time scale of hours, which is adequate to meet the physics requirements of the LHAASO experiment. With this high efficiency and accuracy, this calibration also provides an ideal method to monitor the detector performance throughout an expected lifetime of >10 years.

关键词： Cosmic rays & astroparticles Astrophysical & cosmological simulations Cosmic ray & astroparticle detectors Monte Carlo methods Probability theory Scintillators

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Design and Implementation of Variable Precision Algorithm for Transcendental Functions

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1325卷

作者： Hao Jiangwei Xu Jinchen Guo Shaozhong Xia Yuanyuan Liu Dan State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Information Engineering University Zhengzhou China

Mathematical function is an essential part of numerical program, and it is also the key factor that affects the precision and performance of a program. In the design of mathematical functions, in order to satisfy most application scenarios, it is necessary to correctly round and cover the calculated interval as much as possible. But in certain applications, correct rounding and full coverage of definition domain may not be required. Therefore, mathematical functions can be customized according to application requirements to avoid precision waste as well as improve performance. However, manually implementing mathematical functions is a time-consuming and error-prone task. Tools like Metalibm is designed to automatically generate mathematical function code, which is difficult to take advantage of all the mathematical properties of a function and results in the generated code performing slowly than the corresponding mathematical library function. A method of generating variable precision code based on mathematical properties is proposed for the transcendental function in this work. Experiments showed the performance of the proposed method is comparable to Glibc mathematical function.

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A practical and aggressive loop fission technique 18th

A practical and aggressive loop fission technique

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18th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - ICA3PP 2018 Collocated Workshops: ICA3PP 2018 Workshop on Intelligent Algorithms for Large-scale Complex Optimization Problems, IALCOP 2018, ICA3PP 2018 Workshop on Security and Privacy in Data Processing, SPDP 2018

作者： Zhao, Bo Li, Yingying Han, Lin Zhao, Jie Gao, Wei Zhao, Rongcai Yahyapour, Ramin Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche Datenverarbeitung mbH Göttingen Göttingen37077 Germany State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou450001 China French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation Rocquencourt France

ISBN: (纸本)9783030052331

Loop fission is an effective loop optimization for exploiting fine-grained parallelism. Currently, loop fission is widely used in existing parallelizing compilers. To fully exploit the optimization, we proposed and implemented a practical and aggressive loop fission technique. First, we present an aggressive dependence graph pruning method to eliminate pseudo dependences caused by the conservativeness of compilers. Second, we introduce a topological sort based loop fission algorithm to distribute loops correctly. Finally, to enhance the performance of the generated programs which have potential of loop fission, we propose an advanced loop fission strategy. We evaluate these techniques and algorithms in the experimental section. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018.

关键词： Program compilers

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Analysis of cryptosystem recognition scheme based on Euclidean distance feature extraction in three machine learning classifiers

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1314卷 012184-012184页

作者： Fan, SiJie Zhao, YaQun State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing 450001 China State Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Science 450001 China

In reality, many cryptographic analysis techniques are based on a specific cryptographic system or a large number of encrypted ciphertext. The identification and detection of cryptographic system is of great significance for evaluating the security of the algorithm and guiding the design and improvement of the algorithm. In this paper, we transcode each character in ciphertext into a decimal number, construct these numbers into one-dimensional arrays, and obtain the Euclidean distance between these one-dimensional arrays. Then we use these distances as features and input them into three machine learning classifiers: random forest, logistic regression and support vector machine to recognize cryptosystem and compare their recognition accuracy. The subjects include 8 common block ciphers (DES, 3DES, AES-128, AES-256, IDEA, SMS4, Blowfish, Camellia-128). The experimental results show that using the feature extraction scheme not only shortens the experimental time, reduces the computational cost, but also improves the recognition accuracy of eight typical block cipher algorithms. The classification accuracy of the ECB mode in the random forest classifier is 75%, which is higher than the existing published literature experimental results. The classification accuracy rate of CBC mode is higher than 13.5%, which is higher than the accuracy of random classification.

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Effect of Oxygen Interstitial Ordering on Multiple Order Parameters in Rare Earth Ferrite

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Physical Review Letters 2019年第24期123卷 247601-247601页

作者： Yang Zhang Wenbin Wang Wandong Xing Shaobo Cheng Shiqing Deng Manuel Angst Chu-Ping Yu Fanli Lan Zhiying Cheng David Mandrus Brian Sales Jian Shen Xiaoyan Zhong Nyan-Hwa Tai Rong Yu Jing Zhu National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE) The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 People’s Republic of China Institute of Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI JARA-FIT Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA

Oxygen interstitials and vacancies play a key role in modulating the microstructure and properties of nonstoichiometric oxide systems, such as those used for superconductors and multiferroics. key to understanding the tuning mechanisms resulting from oxygen doping is a knowledge of the precise positions of these lattice defects, and of the interaction both between these defects and with many order parameters. Here, we report how such information can, for the first time, be obtained from a sample of LuFe2O4.22 using a range of techniques including advanced electron microscopy, atomic-resolution spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. The results provide quantitative atomic details of the crystal unit cell, together with a description of the ferroelastic, ferroelectric, and ferromagnetic order parameters. We elucidate also the interaction between these order parameters and the positions of the oxygen interstitials in the oxygen-enriched sample. The comprehensive analysis of oxygen interstitial ordering provides insights into understanding the coupling among different degrees of freedom in rare earth ferrites and demonstrates that oxygen content regulation is a powerful tool for tuning the microstructure and properties for this class of quantum material.

关键词： Dopants Interstitials Microstructure Order parameters Ferrites Multiferroics Density functional theory Electron diffraction High-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy High-resolution transmission electron microscopy Scanning transmission electron microscopy

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