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Modeling tactile perceived intensity for vibration from a coin eccentric rotating mass motor

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 125-135页

作者： Yun FANG Jingchen HUANG Yujun WU Jiaqi DONG Weichao GUO Xinjun SHENG State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Establishing the relationship between vibrotactile parameters and perceived intensity(PI)is of great significance in the regulation of desired sensations,which contribute to haptic interfaces in practical *** eccentric rotating mass(ERM)motors are routinely utilized due to their lightweight design and efficient ability to evoke strong tactile *** adjusting input voltages,ERMs can yield different stimuli,but the effects of their physical properties on PI remain ***,we developed the physical model of the ERM-skin system and optimized the parameters affecting ***,the relationship between stimulus and perception was derived based on Fechner's *** experiments were conducted on fifteen subjects(ten males and five females,aged 24.40±2.87 years)to identify the vibration parameters and corresponding PI to verify the proposed PI *** in this study were attached to phantom skin/forearm with slim adhesive tape to minimize the *** 1 performed vibration calibration with ERM attached to the skin phantom to simulate the actual ***,the relative and absolute PI of subjects on specific stimuli were acquired in Experiments 2 and *** fitting reliability of the proposed PI model was evaluated on fifteen subjects with R^(2) of 0.73±0.07 and root mean squared error(RMSE)of 1.35±***,the proposed PI model established the quantitative relationship between stimulus parameters(vibration parameters and physical parameters)and subjective PI,which provided theoretical support for ERM optimization and vibrotactile modulation.

关键词： coin ERM vibrotactile perceived intensity vibration

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Tailoring the in-plane and out-of-plane stiffness of soft fingers by endoskeleton topology optimization for stable grasping

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 3080-3089页

作者： LI DeChen CHEN ShiTong SONG ZeNan LIANG JiaLong ZHU XiangYang CHEN FeiFei State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The intrinsic compliance of soft materials endows soft robots with great advantages to achieve large deformation and adaptive interactions in grasping ***,current soft grippers usually focus on the in-plane large deformation and load capacity but ignore the effect of out-of-plane external loads,which may lead to instability in practical *** problem calls for stiffness design along multiple directions to withstand not only in-plane interacting forces with objects,but also unexpected outof-plane *** this paper,we design a new type of soft finger by embedding an endoskeleton inside the widely-used PneuNets actuator,and the endoskeleton layout is optimized to achieve a remarkable bending deflection and limited lateral deflection under combined external in-plane and out-of-plane *** on the multi-objective topology optimization approach,the key structural features of the optimized endoskeleton are extracted and *** multi-material soft fingers are fabricated by the silicone compound mold *** and dynamic experiment results validate that the soft gripper with endoskeleton embedded exhibits remarkably improved out-of-plane stiffness,without sacrificing the in-plane bending flexibility,and leads to more stable grasping.

关键词： soft robot soft gripper stable grasping topology optimization pneumatic actuator

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Low-resistance, high-force, and large-ROM fabric-based soft elbow exosuits with adaptive mechanism and composite bellows

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 24-32页

作者： HUANG WeiCheng FENG Miao YANG DeZhi GU GuoYing Robotics Institute School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao TongUniversityShanghai 200240China

Due to the lightweight and compliance, fabric-based pneumatic exosuits are promising in the assistance and rehabilitation of elbow impairments. However, existing elbow exosuits generally suffer from remarkable mechanical resistance on the flexion of the elbow, thus limiting the output force, range of motion(ROM), and comfortability. To address these challenges, we develop a fabric-based soft elbow exosuit with an adaptive mechanism and composite bellows in this work. With the elbow kinesiology considered, the adaptive mechanism is fabricated by sewing the interface of the exosuit into spring-like triangle pleats, following the profile of the elbow to elongate or contract when the elbow flexes or extends. The composite bellows are implemented by further sealing a single blade of bellows into two branches to enhance the output force. Based on these structural features, we characterize the mechanical performance of different soft elbow exosuits: exosuit with normal bellows-NB, exosuit with adaptive mechanism and normal bellows-AMNB, exosuit with adaptive mechanism and composite bellows-AMCB. Experimental results demonstrate that by comparing with NB, the mechanical resistance of AMNB and AMCB decreases by 80.6% and 78.6%, respectively;on the other hand, the output torque of AMNB and AMCB increases to 120.3% and 207.0%, respectively, at50 k Pa when the joint angle is 120°. By wearing these exosuits on a wooden arm model(1.25 kg), we further verify that AMCB can cover a full ROM of 0°–130° at the elbow with 500 g weight. Finally, the application on a health volunteer with AMCB shows that when the volunteer flexes the elbow to lift a weight of 500 g, the s EMG activity of the biceps and triceps is markedly reduced.

关键词： wearable robots rehabilitation robots soft robot applications soft actuators design

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Design of a Novel Macro-Micro Integrated Brain Surgery Robot Based on Modular Parallel Mechanisms

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Chinese Journal of mechanical Engineering 2024年第5期37卷 349-364页

作者： Hao Zheng Chenbo Liang Feng Gao Chenkun Qi Bingze He Renqiang Liu Longhai Chen State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

The advancement and development of medical surgical robots have provided new technological support for brain surgery and neurosurgical procedures,improving the reliability of highly complex and precise *** turn,this urges the design and development of novel surgical robots to possess higher precision,stability,and enhanced motion *** response to this practical demand,this paper introduces a macro-micro integrated medical brain surgery robot system based on the concept of modular PMs(parallel mechanisms),which have a total of 13 active DOFs(degrees of freedom).This system divides the motion process of brain surgery into a large-scale macro-motion space and a small-scale high-precision motion space for design and planning *** introduction of the design concept that combines multiple modular parallel sub-mechanisms has brought a significant level of decoupling characteristics to the mechanism itself.A comprehensive introduction and analysis of the surgical robot are provided,covering aspects such as design,kinematics,motion planning,and performance *** address the pose allocation and coordination of motion between the macro platform and the micro platform,a pose allocation algorithm based on the decoupling and non-decoupling characteristics in various dimensions of the macro-micro platform is *** designed measurement experiments have demonstrated that the repeatability in positioning accuracy of the macro and micro platform reaches the level of micron and submicron *** experiments of motion control and simulated brain electrode implantation validate the excellent performance and stability of the entire surgical robot *** research contributes innovative insights to the development of medical surgical robot systems,particularly in the domain of mechanism design.

关键词： Medical surgical robot Macro-micro integrated system Modular parallel mechanism High-precision robot

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Decoding Wrist and Hand Movement Using a Synergy-Driven, Variable Stiffness Musculoskeletal Model Under Different Loads

Decoding Wrist and Hand Movement Using a Synergy-Driven, Var...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Zhao, Jiamin Yu, Yang Sheng, Xinjun Zhu, Xiangyang Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

Myoelectric interfaces, which translate electromyography (EMG) signals into motor intentions, are extensively utilized in prosthetic control due to their intuitive nature. However, current methodologies extremely suffer from performance degradation under non-stationary EMG signals. Varying loads significantly alter muscle activation patterns, with variations in loading weights being a significant factor affecting performance. Conventional EMG-driven musculoskeletal models (MMs) demonstrate robustness across different loads but often neglect the influence of changes in muscle co-contraction levels induced by increased loads. To address this issue, we proposed an improved MM that integrated variable muscle and joint stiffnesses with synergy-based muscle activations into the muscle contraction dynamics. This model adapted to alterations in muscle co-contraction levels under diverse loads, allowing for robust estimation of hand and wrist movements without requiring additional training for different loads. Both offline and online experiments were conducted. The outcomes demonstrated that the proposed model significantly improved robustness and estimation accuracy compared to traditional envelopedriven and constant stiffness MMs. It maintained stable performance across different loads with training conducted solely under zero-load conditions, thereby reducing the training burden. This study presents a novel approach to enhance the reliability of EMG-based human-machine interfaces. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electromyography

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Optimal biaxial prestretch ratios of soft dielectric elastomer actuators for maximal voltage-induced displacement

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第10期66卷 2871-2881页

作者： LUO Kai WU JiaNing CHEN FeiFei School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Prestretch plays an indispensable role in programming the voltage-induced deformation of dielectric elastomer actuators(DEAs).However,lacking rational design methods,the level of prestretch is usually determined through time-consuming experiments and trial-and-error *** this paper,we aim to quantitatively determine the optimal biaxial prestretch ratios for maximizing the voltage-induced displacement of *** on the Lagrange method and adjoint sensitivity analysis,we obtain the derivative of the displacement field with respect to the principal prestretch ratios,in which the nonlinearities and complex electromechanical coupling of DEAs are rigorously taken into *** derivative information allows for performing gradient-based optimization at a high convergence *** propose a comprehensive optimization framework connecting the nonlinear finite element analysis and sensitivity analysis to iteratively identify the optimal prestretch *** validate our method on two classical types of DEAs,i.e.,planar DEAs with fixed boundaries and free-standing three-dimensional dielectric elastomer minimum energy structures(DEMES).The simulation and experiment results both show that remarkable improvements in concerned displacements are obtained compared with the non-optimized designs.

关键词： dielectric elastomer prestretch ratios design optimization

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Towards semi-supervised myoelectric finger motion recognition based on spatial motor units activation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第6期65卷 1232-1242页

作者： GUO WeiChao WANG Mian SHENG XinJun ZHU XiangYang State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

It is vital to recognize the intention of finger motions for human-machine interaction(HMI).The latest research focuses on fine myoelectric control through the decoding of neural motor unit action potential trains(MUAPt) from high-density surface electromyographic(sEMG) ***,the existing EMG decoding algorithms rarely obtain the spatial matching relationship between decoded motion units(MU) and designated muscles,and the control interface can only recognize the trained hand *** this study,a semi-supervised HMI based on MU-muscle matching(MMM) is proposed to recognize individual finger motions and even the untrained combined multi-finger *** automatic channel selection from high-density s EMG signals,the optimal spatial positions to monitor the MU activation of finger muscles are *** tapping experiment is carried out on ten subjects,and the experimental results show that the proposed s EMG decomposition algorithm based on MMM can accurately identify single finger motions with an accuracy of 93.1%±1.4%,which is comparable to that of state-of-the-art pattern recognition ***,the MMM allows unsupervised recognizing the untrained combined multi-finger motions with an accuracy of 73%±3.8%.The outcomes of this study benefit the practical applications of HMI,such as controlling prosthetic hand and virtual keyboard.

关键词： myoelectric control semi-supervised motor units activation channel selection template matching

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Design, modeling, and evaluation of parallel continuum robots: A survey

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 673-695页

作者： CHEN GenLiang TANG ShuJie DUAN XuYang WANG Hao Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Systems and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing for Thin-Walled Structures Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Parallel continuum robots(PCRs) have attracted increasing attention in the robotics community due to their simplicity in structure,inherence with compliance, and easiness of realization. Over the past decade, a variety of novel designs have been reported to enrich their diversity. However, there is a lack of systematic review of these emerging robots. To this end, this paper conducts a comprehensive survey on the mechanism design, kinetostatic modeling and analysis, and performance evaluation. For these robots, kinetostatic modeling plays a fundamental role throughout the design, analysis, and control stages. A systematic review of the existing approaches for kinetostatic modeling and analysis is provided, and a comparison is made to distinguish their differences. As well, a classification is made according to the characteristics of structure and actuation. In addition, performance evaluation on the workspace, stability, and singularity is also overviewed. Finally, the scenarios of potential applications are elaborated, and future research prospects are discussed. We believe that the information provided in this paper will be particularly useful for those who are interested in PCRs.

关键词： parallel continuum robots classification kinetostatic modeling performance evaluation

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Enhancing Household Service Robots with a Dual-Arm Mobile Manipulator and Multimodal Large Language Models

Enhancing Household Service Robots with a Dual-Arm Mobile Ma...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Liu, Yang Zhao, Yanchao Guo, Weichao Sheng, Xinjun Ding, Han School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai200240 China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

This research aims to enhance the practicality of household service robots by integrating multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Utilizing a dual-arm mobile manipulator platform, our focus is on advancing autonomous mobile manipulation in home environments. By leveraging the advanced text understanding and visual processing capabilities inherent in MLLMs, the proposed system adeptly converts user dialogues and environmental visual inputs into precise robotic plans. Among the suite of tested models, GPT-4o mini and Gemini 1.5 flash perform exceptionally well in generating accurate robotic plans. These results underscore a significant enhancement in the robot's ability to manipulate objects within complex home environments, thereby contributing to more seamless human-robot interactions and markedly improved task execution. We anticipate that our findings will inspire future advances in the field of human-robot interaction for home robots. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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Multi-DoF Continuous Estimation for Wrist Torques Using Convolutional Neural Network

Multi-DoF Continuous Estimation for Wrist Torques Using Conv...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Fang, Yun Yu, Yang Guo, Weichao Sheng, Xinjun School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai200240 China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

Using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals for simultaneous and proportional control (SPC) is appealing for natural control in human-machine interaction (HMI). Introducing spatial information across sEMG channels in the decoding process provides a more complete approach than methods that focus only on time and frequency domain features. In this article, we proposed an sEMG-based model for thesi-multaneous estimation of two degree-of-freedom (DoF) wrist torques, namely, Pro-Sup and Fle-Ext. Specifically, the 8 × 24 channels sEMG signals were transformed into images, which further served as inputs in a 29-layer convolutional neural network to estimate multi-DoF wrist torques. To prove the superiority of the CNN-based model, comparisons with other regression methods were performed on eight healthy subjects and two amputees in terms of the determination coefficient (R2) and normalized root mean square error (nRMSE). The results demonstrated that the CNN-based model (CNN-WAF) outperformed two conventional regression methods on estimation accuracy (R2: 0.851 ± 0.024 for Pro-Sup and 0.863 ± 0.016 for Fle-Ext;nRMSE: 6.933% ± 0.872% for Pro-Sup and 6.830% ± 0.856% for Fle-Ext). The average filtering in data preprocessing greatly improves (p © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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