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Toward a rapid and convenient nanoplastic quantification method in laboratory-scale study based on fluorescence intensity

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & engineering 2024年第5期18卷 117-126页

作者： Ruiqi Yan Sen Lin Qian Ding Lei Zhang Xia Yu Wentao Zhao Qian Sui State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092China

The thorough investigation of nanoplastics(NPs)in aqueous environments requires efficient and expeditious quantitative analytical methods that are sensitive to environmentally relevant NP concentrations and convenient to *** analysis-based quantitative methods have been acknowledged as effective and rapid approaches for quantifying NP concentrations in laboratory-scale ***,we compared three commonly used optical response indicators,namely fluorescence intensity(FI),ultraviolet absorbance,and turbidity,to assess their performance in quantifying ***,orthogonal experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of various water quality parameters on the preferred indicator-based quantification *** results revealed that FI exhibits the highest correlation coefficient(>0.99)with NP ***,the limit of quantification(LOQ)for various types of NPs is exceptionally low,ranging from 0.0089 to 0.0584 mg/L in ultrapure water,well below environmentally relevant *** variations in water quality parameters such as pH,salinity,suspended solids(SS),and humic acid,a robust relationship between detectable FI and NP concentration was ***,an increased matrix,especially SS in water samples,results in an enhanced LOQ for ***,the quantitative method remains applicable in real water bodies,especially in drinking water,with NP LOQ as low as 0.0157–0.0711 mg/*** exceeds the previously reported detectable concentration for 100 nm NPs at 40µg/mL using surface-enhanced Raman *** study confirms the potential of FI as a reliable indicator for the rapid quantification of NPs in aqueous environments,offering substantial advantages in terms of both convenience and cost-effectiveness.

关键词： Nanoplastic quantification Fluorescence intensity Drinking water Limit of quantification(LOQ) Matrix effects

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Reduced-Order Observer-Based Resilient control for MASs with Time-Varying Delay Against DoS Attacks

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems 2024年 2卷 51-59页

作者： Qiu, Xiaojie Meng, Wenchao Xu, Jinming Yang, Qinmin Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and Engineering Hangzhou310027 China

This paper concentrates on the resilient control issue in multi-agent systems (MASs) with the time-varying delay subjected to denial of service (DoS) attacks. To eliminate the impact of DoS attacks, a novel resilient control framework is constructed for MASs, where a variable following the Bernoulli distribution process is utilized to denote the behaviors of the attacker. Besides, we design a novel reduced-order (RO) observer with internal time-varying delay to estimate the unknown output of the system and compensate for lost data in the channels. Different from the general observers, the designed observer can ensure both the reduced-order observation errors and the full-order ones can converge to zero. Furthermore, an RO observer-based distributed protocol is devised such that the consensus errors of the closed-loop systems asymptotically converge to zero. Simulation comparisons are provided to validate the efficiency and superiority of our approach. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Diversity and dynamic response of anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第6期152卷 262-275页

作者： Jiahong Ye Xiang Li Yan Yuan Yayi Wang Yong Huang JunMa Han Wang Pengze Dang Pei-ling Xu School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological SecurityCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Red anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) granular sludge (AnGS) has been reported insuccessfully operating Anammox systems, and its color is associated with sludge ***, in long-term operating systems, AnGS exhibits different sensory colors, physicalstructures, community structures, and denitrification performance, but the relationship betweenthem has not yet been *** AnGS of the Anammox system, which has beenin operation for more than a decade, can be divided into twomain categories: red and *** specific Anammox activity (SAA) in conventional red AnGS increased continuously asthe particle size increased from <0.51 mm to 6.02 ± 0.84 mm. The SAA of white AnGS wereslightly lower than those of red AnGS with similarly-size granules but significantly higherthan AnGS with smaller red granules. Compared with red AnGS, the extracellular polymericsubstances of white AnGS were significantly reduced,mainly due to the higher intracellulariron content, resulting in lower heme c concentration. Thus, heme c may prove not to bean evaluative tool for measuring Anammox activity. Red and white AnGS, whether throughself-aggregation or adsorption by hydroxyl apatite and other carriers, will face the fate ofinternal voids during particle size growth. White AnGS exhibited amore complex microbialcommunity than red AnGS. Candidatus Brocadia was abundant in red AnGS and the abundanceincreased with increasing granule size. Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Jetteniamade significant contributions to denitrification in white AnGS. This study provides a newperspective on particle selection for anammox engineering applications.

关键词： Anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge Sensory diversity Intracellular iron Heme Enzyme activity Microbial diversity

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Matrix Coding Enabled Impact Mitigation against Primary False Data Injection Attacks in Cyber-Physical Microgrids

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IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 2025年第4期40卷 3144-3159页

作者： Liu, Mengxiang Zhang, Xin Zhao, Chengcheng Deng, Ruilong University of Sheffield School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Sheffield United Kingdom Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology The College of Control Science and Engineering Hangzhou China

The impact mitigation against false data injection attacks (FDIAs) has become a prevailing topic in enhancing the cyber resilience of microgrids. In particular, the primary FDIA (PFDIA) injecting biases into the sensor channel of the primary controller can fake the real physical states and result in devastating control commands to the power conversion device. Nevertheless, existing impact mitigation schemes cannot handle the PFDIA due to the primary control's strict real-time requirement. Therefore, this paper proposes a time- and cost-efficient impact mitigation scheme against the PFDIA by alternately encoding the transmitted measurement with an invertible coding matrix. Specifically, when the PFDIA is detected by unknown input observers (UIOs), two additional half-downsampled UIOs, which only require simple multiplication, addition, and subtraction operations within each control cycle, will be triggered to obtain the residuals under encoded and unencoded data. The complete bias vector can be then reconstructed recursively from these two residuals, and the bias will be removed from the compromised data to eliminate the malicious attack impact. Based on the theoretical analysis of reconstruction performance, the coding matrix is optimised to minimise the system noises' impact on reconstruction accuracy subject to the reconstruction stability and the encoding's hiddenness from the adversary. Finally, extensive experimental studies are conducted to validate the effectiveness, superiority, robustness, and lightweightness of the proposed impact mitigation scheme. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Encoding (symbols)

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Web Layout Design of Large Cavity Structures Based on Topology Optimization

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2665-2689页

作者： Xiaoqiao Yang Jialiang Sun Dongping Jin State Key Laboratory ofMechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures College of Aerospace EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China

Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas become a focal point for contemporary researchers. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the topologyoptimization of large cavity structures as a means to enhance their performance, safety, and efficiency. By usingthe variable density method, lightweight design is achieved without compromising structural strength. Theoptimization model considers both concentrated and distributed loads, and utilizes techniques like sensitivityfiltering and projection to obtain a robust optimized configuration. The mechanical properties are checked bycomparing the stress distribution and displacement of the unoptimized and optimized structures under the sameload. The results confirm that the optimized structures exhibit improved mechanical properties, thus offering keyinsights for engineering lightweight, high-strength large cavity structures.

关键词： Topology optimization lightweight design web layout design cavity structure

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Unmanned aerial vehicle orthogonal laser localization by Gaussian mixture model‐based map representation

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2023年第3期5卷 37-44页

作者： Zeyu Wan Changjian Jiang Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Localization is a core problem in mobile robot *** localization and mapping(SLAM)costs much for an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV).This research aims to design an orthogonal laser scan device for localization and to save computation *** on disturbance analysis,residual influences on sensor state are quantitative,and they are related to uncertainty and *** research applied the residual selection method to a *** feature point detection utilises multi‐scale and Gaussian model fitting techniques to guarantee true *** map is represented by Gaussian Mixture Models(GMM)with lower memory *** orthogonal laser scan device is composed and placed on a UAV for real‐time three‐dimensional localization,whose er-rors are at the centimeter level.

关键词： indoor positioning mobile robots unmanned aerial vehicle

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Electrical tree degradation of MgO/epoxy resin composites at different voltage frequencies

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High Voltage 2024年第3期9卷 581-590页

作者： Yunxiao Zhang Wenxin Lin Yuanxiang Zhou Weiwei Xing Jiayu Cheng Chenyuan Teng College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFujian Key Laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power ConversionFuzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Electrical tree degradation is one of the main causes of insulation failure in high-frequency *** tree degradation is studied on pure epoxy resin(EP)and MgO/EP composites at frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to 130 *** results show that the tree initiation voltage of EP decreases,while the growth rate and the expansion coefficient increase with ***,the bubble phenomenon at high frequencies in EP composites is *** with trap distribution character-istics within the material,the intrinsic mechanism of epoxy composites to inhibit the growth of the electrical tree at different frequencies is *** can be concluded that more deep traps and blocking effect are introduced by doping nano-MgO into EP bulks,which can improve the electrical tree resistance performance of EP composites in a wide frequency range.

关键词： composites tree Electrical

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Carbon Energy 2025年第2期7卷 121-130页

作者： Tianyi Xu Dongxu Jiao Jinchang Fan Yilong Dong Zhaoyong Jin Lei Zhang Wei Zhang Jingxiang Zhao Weitao Zheng Xiaoqiang Cui State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Key Laboratory of Automobile MaterialsMinistry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchunChina College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchunChina Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbinChina

Strain effects have garnered significant attention in catalytic applications due to their ability to modulate the electronic structure and surface adsorption properties of *** this study,we propose a novel approach called“similar stacking”for stress modulation,achieved through the loading of Co_(2)P on Ni_(2)P(Ni_(2)P/Co_(2)P).Theoretical simulations reveal that the compressive strain induced by Co_(2)P influences orbital overlap and electron transfer with hydrogen ***,the number of stacked layers can be adjusted by varying the precursor soaking time,which further modulates the strain range and hydrogen *** a 2-h soaking condition,the strain effect proves favorable for efficient hydrogen *** characterizations using X-ray diffraction,high-angel annular dark-field scanning transmission election microscope(HAADF-STEM),and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy successfully demonstrate lattice contraction of Co_(2)P and bond length shortening of ***,our catalyst shows an ultrahigh current density of 1 A cm^(-2) at an overpotential of only 388 mV,surpassing that of commercial Pt/C,while maintaining long-term *** material design strategy of similar stacking opens up new avenues of strain modulation and the deeper development of electrocatalysts.

关键词： compressive strain heterogeneous phosphide hydrogen evolution reaction similar stacking

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Effects of aggregate size distribution and carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties of cemented gangue backfill samples under true triaxial compression

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 311-324页

作者： Qian Yin Fan Wen Zhigang Tao Hai Pu Tianci Deng Yaoyao Meng Qingbin Meng Hongwen Jing Bo Meng Jiangyu Wu State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics&Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Coal Resources Green Mining Ministry of EducationXinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023China

The mechanical behavior of cemented gangue backfill materials(CGBMs)is closely related to particle size distribution(PSD)of aggregates and properties of cementitious ***,the true triaxial compression tests,CT scanning,SEM,and EDS tests were conducted on cemented gangue backfill samples(CGBSs)with various carbon nanotube concentrations(P_(CNT))that satisfied fractal theory for the PSD of *** mechanical properties,energy dissipations,and failure mechanisms of the CGBSs under true triaxial compression were systematically *** results indicate that appropriate carbon nanotubes(CNTs)effectively enhance the mechanical properties and energy dissipations of CGBSs through micropore filling and microcrack bridging,and the optimal effect appears at P_(CNT)of 0.08wt%.Taking PSD fractal dimension(D)of 2.500 as an example,compared to that of CGBS without CNT,the peak strength(σ_(p)),axial peak strain(ε_(1,p)),elastic strain energy(Ue),and dissipated energy(U_(d))increased by 12.76%,29.60%,19.05%,and90.39%,***,excessive CNTs can reduce the mechanical properties of CGBSs due to CNT agglomeration,manifesting a decrease inρ_(p),ε_(1,p),and the volumetric strain increment(Δε_(v))when P_(CNT)increases from 0.08wt%to 0.12wt%.Moreover,the addition of CNTs improved the integrity of CGBS after macroscopic failure,and crack extension in CGBSs appeared in two modes:detour and pass through the ***σ_(p)and U_(d)firstly increase and then decrease with increasing D,and porosity shows the opposite ***ε_(1,p)andΔε_(v)are negatively correlated with D,and CGBS with D=2.150 has the maximum deformation parameters(ε_(1,p)=0.05079,Δε_(v)=0.01990)due to the frictional slip effect caused by coarse *** increasing D,the failure modes of CGBSs are sequentially manifested as oblique shear failure,"Y-shaped"shear failure,and conjugate shear failure.

关键词： cemented gangue backfill materials particle size distribution true triaxial compression test carbon nanotubes mechanical properties failure modes

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Micro-structure evolution, precipitation behavior and strengthening mechanism of Ni-Cr-Mo system steel fabricated via laser powder bed fusion and subsequent quenching control

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第3期38卷 560-592页

作者： Qing WANG Deyin KONG Shihui ZHOU Xingran LI Zhihui ZHANG The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China Weihai Institute for Bionic Jilin UniversityWeihai 264402China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China

High-performance 24CrNiMo steel was fabricated using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). Subsequent quenching treatment was applied and the influence of quenching temperatures on micro-structure evolution and properties was systematically characterised and analysed. The micro-structure of the as-built steel consisted of two parts. The first part comprised martensite with twins combined with ω-Fe nano-particles, and the second part consisted of lower bainite in the molten pool, as well as upper bainite, granular bainite and tempered martensite in the heat-affected zone. With the quenching temperatures varying from 800℃ to 950℃, the micro-structure gradually transformed from acicular ferrite + martensite to tempered martensite +θ-Fe3C carbides, and the grain size exhibited noticeable growth. Moreover, quenching treatments could eliminate the anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the micro-structure. The rod-shaped nanosized η-Fe2C and θ-Fe3C precipitates were clearly observed, which were converted from ω-Fe and distributed at multiple angles in the lath. The size and number of nano-precipitates, triggered by the high self-tempering degree of martensite, gradually increased. The relationships among grain size, the twins, dislocation density and nano-precipitation and the dramatically improved performance of quenched samples were analysed using strengthening mechanisms. After quenching at 850℃, the as-built 24CrNiMo steel attained ultra-high mechanical properties including hardness, Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), Elongation (El) and impact energy with values of 480.9 HV_(1), 1611.4 MPa, 9.8% and 42.8 J, respectively. Meanwhile, both the wear and thermal fatigue resistance increased by approximately 40%. This study demonstrated that LPBF-fabricated 24CrNiMo steel, with matching good performances, can be achieved using a subsequent one-step quenching process.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion 24CrNIMo steel Quenching control Micro-structure evolution Precipitate Comprehensive properties Strengthening mechanisms

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