In recent decades, control performance monitoring(CPM) has experienced remarkable progress in research and industrial applications. While CPM research has been investigated using various benchmarks, the historical dat...
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In recent decades, control performance monitoring(CPM) has experienced remarkable progress in research and industrial applications. While CPM research has been investigated using various benchmarks, the historical data benchmark(HIS) has garnered the most attention due to its practicality and effectiveness. However, existing CPM reviews usually focus on the theoretical benchmark, and there is a lack of an in-depth review that thoroughly explores HIS-based methods. In this article, a comprehensive overview of HIS-based CPM is provided. First, we provide a novel static-dynamic perspective on data-level manifestations of control performance underlying typical controller capacities including regulation and servo: static and dynamic properties. The static property portrays time-independent variability in system output, and the dynamic property describes temporal behavior driven by closed-loop feedback. Accordingly,existing HIS-based CPM approaches and their intrinsic motivations are classified and analyzed from these two ***, two mainstream solutions for CPM methods are summarized, including static analysis and dynamic analysis,which match data-driven techniques with actual controlling behavior. Furthermore, this paper also points out various opportunities and challenges faced in CPM for modern industry and provides promising directions in the context of artificial intelligence for inspiring future research.
In this work,a new process for achieving the recovery of elemental sulfur by utilizing a fluidized catalytic cracking(FCC) riser reactor for SOxtreatment(FCC-DeSOx) is *** process leverages the high temperatures a...
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In this work,a new process for achieving the recovery of elemental sulfur by utilizing a fluidized catalytic cracking(FCC) riser reactor for SOxtreatment(FCC-DeSOx) is *** process leverages the high temperatures and hydrocarbon concentrations in the FCC riser reactor to convert SOxinto ***,H2S,along with the cracked gas,is processed downstream to produce *** analysis of the key reduction reactions in the FCC-DeSOxprocess revealed that complete conversion of SOxto H2S is feasible in the dry gas(hydrogen-rich) prelift zone,as well as the upper and lower zones of the riser,upon achieving thermodynamic *** studies were conducted to replicate the conditions of these reaction zones using a low concentration of hydrogen gas as the reducing *** process optimization,investigation of the minimum reaction time,and kinetic studies,the potential of this method for the complete reduction of SOxwas further confirmed.
Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia has been considered a promising and sustainable pathway for pollutant treatment and ammonia has significant potential as a clean ***,the method has received much *** th...
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Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia has been considered a promising and sustainable pathway for pollutant treatment and ammonia has significant potential as a clean ***,the method has received much *** this work,Cu/Fe 2D bimetallic metal-organic frameworks were synthesized by a facile method applied as cathode materials without high-temperature *** centers(Cu,Fe)with enhanced intrinsic activity demonstrated higher removal ***,the 2D nanosheet reduced themass transfer barrier between the catalyst and nitrate and increased the reaction ***,the catalysts with a 2D structure showed much better removal efficiency than other structures(3D MOFs and BulkMOFs).Under optimal conditions,Cu/Fe-2D MOF exhibited high nitrate removal efficiency(87.8%)and ammonium selectivity(89.3%)*** ammonium yielded up to significantly 907.2μg/(hr·mg_(cat))(7793.8μg/(hr·mg_(metal)))with Faradaic efficiency of 62.8%at an initial 100 mg N/*** catalyst was proved to have good stability and was recycled 15 times with excellent *** simulations confirm the reduced Gibbs free energy of Cu/Fe-2D *** study demonstrates the promising application of Cu/Fe-2D MOF in nitrate reduction to ammonia and provides new insights for the design of efficient electrode materials.
The overuse of antibiotics and antitumor drugs has resulted in more and more extensive pollution of water bodies with organic drugs,causing detrimental ecological effects,which have attracted attention towards effecti...
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The overuse of antibiotics and antitumor drugs has resulted in more and more extensive pollution of water bodies with organic drugs,causing detrimental ecological effects,which have attracted attention towards effective and sustainable methods for antibiotics and antitumor drug ***,the hybrid nanomaterial(g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd)was synthesized and used to remove a kind of both an antibiotic and antitumor drug named mitoxantrone(MTX)with 92.0%removal efficiency,and the MTX removal capacity is 450 mg/*** exposing to the hybrid material the MTX aqueous solution changed color from dark blue to lighter progressively,and LC-UV results of residual solutions showthat a newpeak at 3.0min(MTX:13.2min)after removal by g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd appears,with the simultaneous detection of intermediate products indicating that g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd indeed degrades *** mass spectrometric analysis suggests that the nuclear mass ratio decreased from 445.2(M+1H)to 126.0(M+1H),169.1(M+1H),239.2(M+1H),267.3(M+1H),285.2(M+1H),371.4(M+1H)and 415.2(M+1H),and the maximum proportion(5.63%)substance of all degradation products(126.0(M+1H))is 40-100 times less toxic than MTX.A mechanism for the removal and degradation of mitoxantrone was ***,actual water experiments confirmed that the maximum removal capacity of MTX by g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd is up to 492.4 mg/g(0.02 g/L,10 ppm).
The impact of thermal remediation on soil function has drawn increasing *** far,as the most active fraction of soil organic matter,the evolution of dissolved organic matter(DOM)during the thermal remediation lacks in-...
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The impact of thermal remediation on soil function has drawn increasing *** far,as the most active fraction of soil organic matter,the evolution of dissolved organic matter(DOM)during the thermal remediation lacks in-depth investigation,especially for the temperatures value below 100℃.In this study,a series of soil thermal treatment experiments was conducted at 30,60,and 90℃ during a 90-d period,where soil DOM concentration increased with heating temperature and *** molecular weight,functional groups content and aromaticity of DOM all decreased during the thermal *** excitation-emission matrices(EEM)results suggested that humic acid-like substances transformed into fulvic acid-like substances(FIII/FV increased from 0.27 to 0.44)during the heating process,and five DOM components were further identified by *** change of DOM structures and components indicated the decline of DOM stability and hydrophilicity,and can potentially change the bioavailability and *** temperature also resulted in the decline of DOM complexation ability,which may be caused by the loss of binding sites due to the decrease of polar function groups,aromatic structures and hydrophilic *** study provides valuable information about the evolution of DOM during thermal remediation,which would potentially change the fate of metal ions and the effectiveness of the post-treatment technologies in the treated region.
The industrial system usually contains not only controllable variables (CVs) but also uncontrollable variables (unCVs), e.g., weather conditions and friction. These unCVs have a direct impact on system control perform...
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The large blast furnace is essential equipment in the process of iron and steel manufacturing. Due to the complex operation process and frequent fluctuations of variables, conventional monitoring methods often bring f...
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The large blast furnace is essential equipment in the process of iron and steel manufacturing. Due to the complex operation process and frequent fluctuations of variables, conventional monitoring methods often bring false alarms. To address the above problem, an ensemble of greedy dynamic principal component analysis-Gaussian mixture model(EGDPCA-GMM) is proposed in this paper. First, PCA-GMM is introduced to deal with the collinearity and the non-Gaussian distribution of blast furnace ***, in order to explain the dynamics of data, the greedy algorithm is used to determine the extended variables and their corresponding time lags, so as to avoid introducing unnecessary noise. Then the bagging ensemble is adopted to cooperate with greedy extension to eliminate the randomness brought by the greedy algorithm and further reduce the false alarm rate(FAR) of monitoring results. Finally, the algorithm is applied to the blast furnace of a large iron and steel group in South China to verify *** with the basic algorithms, the proposed method achieves lowest FAR, while keeping missed alarm rate(MAR) remain stable.
The quantity of space debris on Earth orbit has escalated tremendously in recent years, presenting a significant hazard to human space operations. It is urgent to develop effective measures to capture and remove vario...
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The quantity of space debris on Earth orbit has escalated tremendously in recent years, presenting a significant hazard to human space operations. It is urgent to develop effective measures to capture and remove various space debris. For this purpose, this paper presents a tendon-actuated flexible deployable manipulator. The flexible manipulator consists of several deployable units connected by Cardan joints and actuated by tendons. Compared with the present technologies for capturing space debris such as rigid robotic arm or flying net, this flexible manipulator is deployable, reusable, lightweight and applicable to the capture of large space debris. In order to investigate its deployment dynamics, an accurate dynamic model of the flexible manipulator is established based on the natural coordinate formulation (NCF) and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). Subsequently, numerical simulations are carried out to study the effects of system parameters and the base satellite on its deployment dynamics. Finally, ground experiments for both deployment and bending of the flexible manipulator are conducted to verify its effectiveness and feasibility.
This study investigated the interaction between the furfural residue and polyvinyl chloride co-pyrolysis using an infrared heating *** analytical techniques including production distribution analysis,thermal behavior,...
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This study investigated the interaction between the furfural residue and polyvinyl chloride co-pyrolysis using an infrared heating *** analytical techniques including production distribution analysis,thermal behavior,pyrolysis kinetic,simulated distillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrography(GCMS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were utilized to elucidate the pyrolysis characterization and reaction mechanism during the ***,the yield of co-pyrolysis oil increased from 35.12%at 5℃·s^(–1)to 37.70%at 10℃·s^(-1),but then decreased to 32.07%at 20℃·s^(-1).Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters suggested non-spontaneous and endothermic *** analysis revealed that aromatic hydrocarbons,especially mono-and bi-cyclic ones,are the predominant compounds in the oil due to the presence of H radicals in polyvinyl chloride,suggesting an enhancement in oil ***,the fixed chlorine content increased to 65.11%after co-pyrolysis due to the interaction between inorganic salts in furfural residues and chlorine from polyvinyl chloride.
Here we introduce an open-source dataset for traffic light and countdown display detection,which includes three subsets:a subset of traffic light data,a subset of traffic light and countdown display data,and a subset ...
Here we introduce an open-source dataset for traffic light and countdown display detection,which includes three subsets:a subset of traffic light data,a subset of traffic light and countdown display data,and a subset of non-motor vehicle and crosswalk signals data for academic and industrial research.
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