To improve the performance of complex viscous engineering flows,the focus should be on local dynamics(local processes and structures)measured by the space-time derivatives of the primary-variable fields,rather than th...
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To improve the performance of complex viscous engineering flows,the focus should be on local dynamics(local processes and structures)measured by the space-time derivatives of the primary-variable fields,rather than these fields *** the context of optimal flow management such as optimal configuration design and flow control,the local fluid dynamics on solid wall is of most direct *** large Reynolds-number flows,we show that the on-wall local dynamics is highlighted by the balance between tangential pressure gradient and vorticity creation rate at the wall(boundary vorticity flux,BVF),namely the on-wall coupling of the compressing and shearing *** basic concept is demonstrated by previously unpublished and newly obtained numerical examples for external and internal flows,including the role of BVF as a faithful marker of the local appearance of boundary-layer separation and wall curvature discontinuity,and the use of BVF-based formulas to optimize the integrated performance of airfoil and compressor rotor blade.
Liquid biofuels are seen as one of the few technological solutions currently available to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from *** back the history of biofuels,so-called 1st generation biofuels are essentially based...
Liquid biofuels are seen as one of the few technological solutions currently available to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from *** back the history of biofuels,so-called 1st generation biofuels are essentially based on food stuff such as sugar, starch, and *** greatest disadvantage of 1st generation biofuels is to compete w1th foodproduction for scarce agricultural land and water, so that the amount of biofu els that can be produced from these sources is limited.
The ability to manufacture, control, and manipulate structures at extremely small scales is the hallmark of modem technologies, including microelec-tronics, MEMS/NEMS, and nano-biotechnology. Along with the advancemen...
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The ability to manufacture, control, and manipulate structures at extremely small scales is the hallmark of modem technologies, including microelec-tronics, MEMS/NEMS, and nano-biotechnology. Along with the advancement of microfabrication technology, more and more investigations have been performed in recent years to understand the influence of microstructures on radiative properties. The key to the enhancement of performance is through the modification of the reflection and transmission properties of electromagnetic waves and thermal emission spectra using one-, two-, or three-dimensional micro/nanostructures. This review focuses on recent developments in metamaterials-manmade mate-rials with exotic optical properties, and other nanostruc-tured materials, such as gratings and photonic crystals, for application in radiative energy transfer and energy conversion systems.
Light olefins mainly refer to ethylene and propylene, which are very important organic chemical materials, and are key intermediates of various chemical materials such as synthetic plastic and chemical fiber.
Light olefins mainly refer to ethylene and propylene, which are very important organic chemical materials, and are key intermediates of various chemical materials such as synthetic plastic and chemical fiber.
Synthesis of inorganic nanostructures with specific size and well defined morphologies has attracted considerable attention due to their superior electrical, optical, magnetic, and chemical properties. Up to now, vari...
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Synthesis of inorganic nanostructures with specific size and well defined morphologies has attracted considerable attention due to their superior electrical, optical, magnetic, and chemical properties. Up to now, various kinds of metal oxide, sulfide, and hydrate with controlled hierarchical and complex morphologies have been successfully synthesized.
Ionic liquids are melts of salts which have much lower melting points than normal salts, usually less than 373 *** have a non-measurable vapor pressure, high thermal stability, ionic conductivity and a large electroch...
Ionic liquids are melts of salts which have much lower melting points than normal salts, usually less than 373 *** have a non-measurable vapor pressure, high thermal stability, ionic conductivity and a large electrochemical window and are able to solvate a variety of organic and inorganic species.
Ionic liquids are a class of new solvents with umque properties, such as lower melting point, higher viscosity and non-molecular ***, the mass transfer for the gas in ionic liquids has not been studied yet.
Ionic liquids are a class of new solvents with umque properties, such as lower melting point, higher viscosity and non-molecular ***, the mass transfer for the gas in ionic liquids has not been studied yet.
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