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Beijing Keji Daxue Xuebao/Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2009年第SUPPL. 1期31卷 62-66页

作者： Chu, Ying Guo, Han-Jie Yang, Xue-Min Chen, Jun School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China State Key Lab. of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Deoxidization reaction of high grade pipe steel refining in LF was calculated and analyzed in thermodynamics. The reasonable deoxidizer dosage was obtained. The effects of oxides in slag and the slagging process on desulphurization were investigated by comparing the different factors in industrial experiments. A better slag system and indexes were recommended to increase the desulphurization efficiency. The results indicate that the first 20 min during the LF process is the most important period of desulphurization. The new method can shorten the melting time by nearly 8 min.

关键词： Desulfurization

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Reduction mechanism of natural ilmenite with graphite

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第4期18卷 962-968页

作者：王玉明袁章福郭占成谭强强李肇毅姜伟忠 State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase and Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190ChinaInstitute of Ironmaking ResearchBaoshan Iron and Steel Co.LtdShanghai 201900China State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase and Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190ChinaDepartment of Energy and Resources Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase and Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Ironmaking Research Baoshan Iron and Steel Co.LtdShanghai 201900China

Reduction of Bama ilmenite concentrate containing 49.78% TiO2 and 27.96% total Fe by graphite was studied using thermogravimetric analysis system under argon gas ambient from 850 to 1 400 ℃. The reduction degree of Bama ilmenite is enhanced with increasing temperature and the molar ratio of carbon to oxygen, and the reaction rate varies with temperature and reduction time simultaneously. The phase transformation, chemical composition, microstructure and morphology of reduced samples were investigated by using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy disperse spectroscopy, respectively. The high content of impurities in Bama ilmenite evidently bates the reduction of ilmenite. Forming the enrichment zone of manganese prevents complete reduction of Fe2+. The reduction products are mostly reduced iron, rutile, reduced rutiles, Ti3O5 and pseudobrookite solid solution. The reduction kinetics was also discussed. The results show that the reduction temperature is a key factor to control reaction rate.

关键词：钛铁矿还原机制热重分析法杂质动力学石墨

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Meso-scale structure - A challenge of computational fluid dynamics for circulating fluidized bed risers

Meso-scale structure - A challenge of computational fluid dy...

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9th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds, CFB 2008, in Conjunction with the 4th International VGB Workshop on Operating Experience with Fluidized Bed Firing systems

作者： Ge, Wei Wang, Wei Dong, Weigang Wang, Junwu Lu, Bona Xiong, Qingang Li, Jinghai State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 353 Beijing 100080 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783930400577

Multi-scale heterogeneous structures are characteristic of the concurrent-up gas-solid flow in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) risers, which stand for a grand challenge to accurate simulation of industrial-scale CFB risers with reasonable computational cost. Coarse-grid simulations using traditional two-fluid models (TFM), although efficient, are not accurate enough for the purpose of design and control of industrial units, while direct numerical simulations (DNS) starting from below the Kolmogorov scale and particle scale are currently unrealistic for this purpose. Coarse-grid simulations with proper sub-grid scale (SGS) models are expected to provide both reasonable accuracy and efficiency, but the closure of SGS models has been a long-lasting controversial issue. In this presentation, we review our attempts in providing such a closure with specific stability condition for flows in CFB risers on the grid scale, that is, the so-called analytical multi-scale approach and its later improvements and extensions. The resultant SGS model has been incorporated into commercial software and applied in the simulation of industrial CFB risers with various sizes and bed materials. Further extension of the model to mass transfer processes shows that superficial Reynolds number is insufficient for correlating mass transfer rate as multi-scale heterogeneity is not reflected in this criterion. The presentation will be concluded by prospects in multi-scale computational fluid dynamics of multiphase systems.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Eulerian-eulerian simulation of CFB risers using an emms-based sub-grid scale model with an implicit cluster diameter correlation

Eulerian-eulerian simulation of CFB risers using an emms-bas...

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9th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds, CFB 2008, in Conjunction with the 4th International VGB Workshop on Operating Experience with Fluidized Bed Firing systems

作者： Wang, Junwu Cheng, Changjian Ge, Wei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Science P.O. Box 353 Beijing 100080 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783930400577

The Energy-Minimization Multi-Scale (EMMS) model (Li et al., 1988;Li & Kwauk, 1994) is employed in Eulerian-Eulerian simulations of the hydrodynamics of a pilot scale CFB riser, with an implicit cluster diameter correlation accounting for the effect of sub-grid scale heterogeneity on inter-phase drag force. The simulated solid circulation flux, radial and axial solid concentration distributions and the radial particle velocity profile agree well with corresponding measurements. It presents a further step in establishing sub-grid scale models, which has been a focus in the study of gas-solid flows, on the basis of variational principles.

关键词： Drag

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Universal thermodynamic model of calculating the mass action concentrations of omponents in a ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solution and its application in the NaCl-KCl-H_2O system

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2008年第5期15卷 543-551页

作者： Weijie Zhao Hanjie Guo Xuemin Yang Zhigang Dan School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China State Key Lab of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Beijing Research ＆ Design Institute for Metallurgical Equipment China Metallurgical Group Corporation Beijing 100029 China

A universal thermodynamic model of calculating the mass action concentrations of components in a ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solution has been developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory,and verified in the NaCl-KCl-H2O ternary system at 298.15 K. To compare the difference of the thermodynamic model in binary and ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions,the mass action concentrations of components in the NaCl-H2O binary strong electrolyte aqueous solution were also computed at 298.15K. A transformation coefficient was required to compare the calculated mass action concentration and reported activity because they were obtained at different standard states and concentration units. The results show that the transformation coefficients between calculated mass action concentrations and reported activities of the same components change in a very narrow range. The calculated mass action concentrations of components in the NaCl-H2O and NaCl-KCl-H2O systems are in good agreement with the reported activities. This indicates that the developed thermodynamic model can reflect the structural characteristics of solutions,and the mass action concentration also strictly follows the mass action law.

关键词： mass action concentration activity ternary system binary system ion and molecule coexistence theory transformation coefficient

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Erratum to “Searching for a mesh-independent sub-grid model for CFD simulation of gas–solid riser flows” [Chem. Eng. Sci. 64 (2009) 3437–3447]

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Chemical engineering Science 2009年第20期64卷 4317-4317页

作者： Bona Lu Wei Wang Jinghai Li State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 China

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Cobalt Nanoskeletons: One‐Pot Solution Synthesis of Cubic Cobalt Nanoskeletons (Adv. Mater. 16/2009)

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Advanced Materials 2009年第16期21卷

作者： Xi Wang Hongbing Fu Aidong Peng Tianyou Zhai Ying Ma Fangli Yuan Jiannian Yao Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 (P.R. China) Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (P.R. China) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)

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Efficient gasification of wet biomass residue to produce middle caloric gas

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Particuology 2008年第5期6卷 376-382页

作者： Guangwen Xu Takahiro Murakami Toshiyuki Suda Hidehisa Tani Yutaka Mito Research Laboratory IHI Co. Ltd. (IHI) Isogo-Ku Yokohama 235-8501 Japan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Phase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Energy Research Division Kobe steel Co. Ltd. Kobe Hyogo 651-2271 Japan

Various process residues represent a kind of biomass resource already concentrated but containing water as much as 60 wt.%. These materials are generally treated as waste or simply combusted directly to generate heat. Recently, we attempted to convert them into middle caloric gas to substitute for natural gas, as a chemical or a high-rank gaseous fuel for advanced combustion utilities. Such conversion is implemented through dual fluidized bed gasification （DFBG）. Concerning the high water content of the fuels, DFBG was suggested to accomplish either with high-efficiency fuel drying in advance or direct decoupling of fuel drying/pyrolysis from char gasification and tar/hydrocarbon reforming. Along with fuel drying, calcium-based catalyst can be impregnated into the fuel, without much additional cost, to increase the fuel＇s gasification reactivity and to reduce tar formation. This article reports the Ca impregnation method and its resulting effects on gasification reactivity and tar suppression ability. Meanwhile, the principle of directly gasifying wet fuel with decoupled dual fluidized bed gasification （D-DFBG） is also highlighted.

关键词： High-water content biomass Catalytic gasification Dual fluidized bed gasification Decoupled gasification Calcium

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Molecular dynamics simulation of a single polymer in hydrophilic nano-slits

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第17期53卷 2599-2606页

作者： REN Ying GAO Jian GE Wei LI JingHai HU GuoHua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100090 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Sciences CNRS-ENSIC-INPL 1 rue Grandville BP 20451 Nancy 54001 France

The behavior of a single polyethylene polymer in aqueous solution confined between two hydrophilic walls is studied with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The thickness of the nano-slit ranges from 1.26 to 3.15 nm, which is comparative to the polymer dimension. A monotonic transition from 3D- to 2D-like configurations is observed as the distance between the two walls narrows. Monomers are compressed into several layers and the preferred bond orientations alternate between parallel and normal to the walls accordingly. The diffusivity in the direction parallel to the wall is always larger than the one perpendicular to it. Calculation of the entropy and enthalpy changes during the folding of the polymer chain alone cannot explain the spontaneous process. The corresponding increase in water entropy due to volume expansion may be large enough to result in the overall free energy decrease.

关键词：聚乙烯聚合体分子动力学模拟亲水性纳米裂缝

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On the viscosity of magnetic fluid with low and moderate solid fraction

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Particuology 2008年第3期6卷 191-198页

作者： Zhiqiang Ren Yanping Han Ruoyu Hong Jianmin Ding Hongzhong Li Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province Soochow University SIP Suzhou 215123 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Reaction Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China IBM HYDA/050-3 C202 3605 Highway 52 North Rochester MN 55901 USA

The design of a pressurized capillary rheometer operating at prescribed temperature is described to measure the viscosity of magnetic fluids （MFs） containing Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles （MNPs）. The equipment constant of the rheometer was obtained using liquids with predetermined viscosities. Experimentally measured viscosities were used to evaluate different equations for suspension viscosities. Deviation of measured suspension viscosities from the Einstein equation was found to be basically due to the influence of spatial distribution and aggregation of Fe3O4 MNPs. By taking account of the coating layer on MNPs and the aggregation of MNPs in MFs, a modified Einstein equation was proposed to fit the experimental data. Moreover, the influence of external magnetic field on viscosity was also taken into account. Viscosities thus predicted are in good agreement with experimental data. Temperature effect on suspension viscosity was shown experimentally to be due to the shear-thinning behavior of the MFs.

关键词： Rheology Capillary rheometer Magnetic fluid Viscosity Peclet number

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