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Spherical Particles Growth with Dynamic Oscillation during Lithium Electrodeposition

Energy Material Advances 2023年第1期4卷 112-119页

作者： Hanxu Jing Hui Xing Bohan Li Yongsheng Han MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Northwestern Polytechnical University710129 Xi’anChina Shaanxi Basic Discipline(Liquid Physics)Research Center Northwestern Polytechnical University710129 Xi’anChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences100190 BeijingChina

In this paper,the spherical particles growth during lithium electrodeposition was investigated by directly solving the governing equations based on the Landau transformation *** basic growth kinetic characteristics of a spherical particle during electrodeposition was *** results show that the dynamic oscillation of the growth velocity occurs during the spherical particle *** was found from numerical simulations that applied electrical potential difference,electrolyte concentration,and diffusion coefficient are 3 main factors influencing the spherical growth and the existence of the dynamic oscillation state of the growth velocity during *** increase in both the applied electrical potential difference and the electrolyte concentration can lead to the increase of the growth velocity of the spherical particle,while the growth velocity is independent of the diffusion ***,it was found that the wavelength and the amplitude of the dynamic oscillation of the growth velocity can be influenced by the applied electrical potential difference,the electrolyte concentration,and the diffusion *** determined that the dynamic competition between electrochemical reactions and ion transport in the electrodeposition is the reason for the existence of the oscillation of the growth velocity.

关键词： coefficient. method. oscillation

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Phase-transforming mechanical metamaterials with dynamically controllable shape-locking performance

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 270-285页

作者： Yiding Zhong Wei Tang Huxiu Xu Kecheng Qin Dong Yan Xujun Fan Yang Qu Zhaoyang Li Zhongdong Jiao Huayong Yang Jun Zou State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Institute of Process Equipment College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang University

Active mechanical metamaterials with customizable structures and deformations,active reversible deformation,dynamically controllable shape-lo cking performance and stretchability are highly suitable for applications in soft robotics and flexible electronics,yet it is challenging to integrate them due to their mutual ***,we introduce a class of phase-transforming mechanical metamaterials(PMMs) that integrate the above *** arranging basic actuating units according to the designed pattern configuration and positional relationship,PMMs can customize complex and diverse structures and ***-vapor phase transformation provides active reversible large deformation while a silicone matrix offers *** contained carbonyl iron powder endows PMMs with dynamically controllable shape-lo cking performance,thereby achieving magnetically assisted shape locking and energy storing in different working *** build a theoretical model and finite element simulation to guide the design process of PMMs,so as to develop a variety of PMMs with different functions suitable for different applications,such as a programmed PMM,reconfigurable antenna,soft lens,soft mechanical memory,biomimetic hand,biomime tic flytrap and self-contained soft *** are applicable to achieve various 2D deformations and 2D-to-3D deformations,and integrate multiple properties,including customizable structures and deformations,active reversible deformation,rapid reversible shape locking,adjustable energy storing and stretchability,which could open a new application avenue in soft robotics and flexible ele ctronics.

关键词： active mechanical metamaterials shape locking energy storage liquid–vapor phase transform soft robotics

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Advanced Nonflammable Localized High-Concentration Electrolyte For High Energy Density Lithium Battery

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第4期5卷 1294-1302页

作者： Mengmin Jia Chi Zhang Yawei Guo Linshan Peng Xiaoyan Zhang Weiwei Qian Lan Zhang Suojiang Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Langfang Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesHebei 065001China

The key to realize long-life high energy density lithium batteries is to exploit functional electrolytes capable of stabilizing both high voltage cathode and lithium *** emergence of localized high-concentration electrolytes(LHCEs)shows great promise for ameliorating the above-mentioned interfacial *** this work,a lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate(LiDFOB)based nonflammable dual-anion LHCE is designed and *** in the mixture of trimethyl phosphate(TMP)/1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropylether(D_(2)),the continuously consumption of LiDFOB is suppressed by simply introducing lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3)).Meantime,as most of the TMP molecular are coordinated with Li^(+),the electrolyte does not show incompatibility issue between neither metal lithium nor graphite ***,it demonstrates excellent capability in stabilizing the interface of Ni-rich cathode and regulating lithium deposition *** Li||LiNi_(0.87)Co_(0.08)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)(NCM87)batteries exhibit high capacity retention of more than 90%after 200 cycles even under the high cutoff voltage of 4.5 V,1 C *** study offers a prospective method to develop safe electrolytes suitable for high voltage applications,thus providing higher energy densities.

关键词： dual-anion lithium metal battery localized high-concentration electrolyte nonflammable phosphate

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Simulation and design of a heat-integrated double-effect reactive distillation process for propylene glycol methyl ether production

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2022年第12期52卷 103-114页

作者： Ran An Shengxin Chen Shun Hou Yuting Zhu Chunhu Li Xinbao Zhu Ruixia Liu Weizhong An Department of Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

A double-effect reactive distillation(DERD)process was proposed for the production of propylene glycol methyl ether from propylene oxide and methanol to overcome the shortcoming of low selectivity and high-energy consumption in the tubular plug-flow reactor.A single-column reactive distillation(RD)process was conducted under optimized operating conditions based on sensitivity analysis as a *** results demonstrated that the proposed DERD process is able to achieve more than 95%selectivity of the desired *** that,a design approach of the DERD process with an objective of the minimum operating cost was proposed to achieve further energy savings in the RD *** proposed DERD configuration can provide a large energy-savings by totally utilization of the overhead vapor steam in the high-pressure RD column.A comparison of the single-column RD process revealed that the proposed DERD process can reduce the operating cost and the total annual cost of 25.3%and 30.7%,respectively,even though the total capital cost of DERD process is larger than that of the RD process.

关键词： Propylene oxide Reactive distillation Heat integration Propylene glycol monomethyl ether process simulation

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Considering solid shear stress in MP-PIC simulation of a CFB riser

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 79-87页

作者： Tagir Kadyrov Fei Li Atta Ullah Nature-inspired Engineering Center University of TyumenTyumen 625003Russia Laboratory of Theory and Optimization of Chemical and Technological Processes University of TyumenTyumen625003Russia State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering&Applied SciencesIslamabad 45650Pakistan

To enable successful multi-phase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC)simulations of circulating fluidized beds(CFBs),both the interphase drag force and interparticle collisions need to be carefully *** collisions are usually represented by the solid stress consisting of the normal and shear components,in which the normal stress was found to have a leading role in the numerical stability of MP-PIC simulations,whereas the impact of the shear stress has seldom been *** this work,the effects of the solid shear stress are investigated by using two-dimensional simulations of the moderately dense laboratory-scale CFB riser with in-house MP-PIC code implemented on MFIX open-source *** including only normal solid stress and those considering both normal and shear solid stresses are *** results of solids flux,axial and radial solids profiles are compared with available experimental *** results show that the solid shear stress plays a minor role on the accuracy of simulation,and the increase of PPP(number particles per parcel)leads to a lower accuracy of simulation.

关键词： Simulation Fluidization multiphase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC) Solid shear stress

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The manipulation of rectifying contact of Co and nitrogen-doped carbon hierarchical superstructures toward high-performance oxygen reduction reaction

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Carbon Energy 2024年第9期6卷 338-349页

作者： Jing Li Tingyu Lu Yu Fang Guangyao Zhou Mingyi Zhang Huan Pang Jun Yang Yawen Tang Lin Xu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina College of Science Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjingJiangsuChina Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and Electronic EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Center of MesoscienceInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Rational design and construction of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts with high activity,good stability,and low price are essential for the practical applications of renewable energy conversion devices,such as metal-air *** modification through constructing metal/semiconductor Schottky heterointerface represents a powerful strategy to enhance the electrochemical ***,we demonstrate a concept of Schottky electrocatalyst composed of uniform Co nanoparticles in situ anchored on the carbon nanotubes aligned on the carbon nanosheets(denoted as Co@N-CNTs/NSs hereafter)toward *** experimental findings and theoretical simulation testify that the rectifying contact could impel the voluntary electron flow from Co to N-CNTs/NSs and create an internal electric field,thereby boosting the electron transfer rate and improving the intrinsic *** a consequence,the Co@N-CNTs/NSs deliver outstanding ORR activity,impressive long-term durability,excellent methanol tolerance,and good performance as the air-cathode in the Zn-air *** design concept of Schottky contact may provide the innovational inspirations for the synthesis of advanced catalysts in sustainable energy conversion fields.

关键词： Co-based electrocatalysts oxygen reduction reaction rectifying contact Zn-air batteries

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The role of diffusion in the nucleation of calcium carbonate

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2022年第3期35卷 275-281页

作者： Xiangyu Dou Haoyang Huang Yongsheng Han State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Nucleation widely exists in nature,from cloud formation to haze *** classical nucleation theory(CNT)was created to describe the nucleation process,but it fails to predict many experimental phenomena due to the short consideration of nanoscale phenomena and macroscale *** the attachment and detachment of monomers are considered in the developed model of nucleation,the diffusion of chemicals in the bulk is not valued as supersaturation in the nucleation process so *** we employ simulation and experimental approaches to investigate how the diffusion of ions affects the nucleation of calcium *** diffusion of ions is regulated by the viscosity of solvents and the sonication imposed on the *** is found that the nucleation rates increased exponentially with the diffusion coefficient of ions,which is beyond the prediction of *** abnormal finding might be ascribed to the involvement of cluster aggregation in the nucleation of calcium *** study highlights the significance of chemical diffusion in the nucleation process,which may help to revise the nucleation theory and develop solutions for the rational synthesis of materials,as well as for the control of air pollution.

关键词： Calcium carbonate Nucleation Simulation Diffusion Dynamics

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Rational construction of multiple hollow silicalite-1 zeolite with enhanced quasi acidity for robust vapor-phase Beckmann rearrangement

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 7958-7966页

作者： Peng Zhang Xianfeng Yi Changjiu Xia Xinxin Peng Shuai Zhang Chengxiang Li Anmin Zheng Xiaoxin Zhang Yibin Luo Lifeng Cui Fuhong Yu Xingtian Shu State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Research Institute of Petroleum ProcessingSINOPECBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics National Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Shandong Hualu-Hengsheng Chemical Co. Ltd.Dezhou 253024China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Developing efficient and stable zeolites for vapor-phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime is still a great challenge to realizeε-caprolactam(CPL)green *** this work,the hierarchical porous silicalite-1 zeolites with multiple hollow structure(S-1-M)are explored by in-situ desilication−recrystallization post-treatment of spongy highway-like zeolites(S-1-S),which are synthesized through silanization synthesis of conventional bulky silicalite-1(S-1).Compared to S-1,S-1-M achieves superior catalytic performance,with improving the CPL selectivity from 85.7%to 94.1%and prolonging the catalyst lifetime from 74 to 126 h at a weight hourly space velocity(WHSV)of 6 h^(−1).Comprehensive physiochemical studies demonstrate that the highly dispersed intracrystalline cavities within S-1-M endow greater mass diffusion and better quasi acidity inducing by the enhanced H-bonds among abundant H-bonded silanols,which is cooperatively responsible for its superior catalytic performance.

关键词： hollow silicalite-1 H-bonded silanols quasi acidity vapor-phase Beckmann rearrangement

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Ce^(3+):Lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)–Al_(2)O_(3) optical nanoceramic scintillators elaborated via a low-temperature glass crystallization route

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第2期12卷 268-278页

作者： Jie FU Shaowei FENG Yongchang GUO Ying ZHANG Cécile GENEVOIS Emmanuel VERON Mathieu ALLIX Jianqiang LI School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CNRS CEMHTI UPR 3079Universitéd’OrléansOrléans 45071France University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Transparent Ce:lutetium aluminum garnet(Ce:Lu_(3)A_(l5)O_(12),Ce:LuAG)ceramics have been regarded as potential scintillator materials due to their relatively high density and atomic number(Zeff).However,the current Ce:LuAG ceramics exhibit a light yield much lower than the expected theoretical value due to the inevitable presence of LuAl antisite defects at high sintering *** work demonstrates a low-temperature(1100℃)synthetic strategy for elaborating transparent LuAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics through the crystallization of 72 mol%Al_(2)O_(3)–28 mol%Lu_(2)O_(3)(ALu28)bulk *** biphasic nanostructure composed of LuAG and Al_(2)O_(3) nanocrystals makes up the whole ceramic *** of Al_(2)O_(3) is distributed among LuAG grains,and the rest is present inside the LuAG *** dense biphasic LuAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics are highly transparent from the visible region to mid-infrared(MIR)region,and particularly the transmittance reaches 82%at 780 ***,LuAl antisite defect-related centers are completely undetectable in X-ray excited luminescence(XEL)spectra of Ce:LuAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics with 0.3–1.0 at%*** light yield of 0.3 at%Ce:LuAG–Al_(2)O_(3) nanoceramics is estimated to be 20,000 ph/MeV with short 1μs shaping time,which is far superior to that of commercial Bi_(4)Ge_(3)O_(12)(BGO)single *** results show that a low-temperature glass crystallization route provides an alternative approach for eliminating the antisite defects in LuAG-based ceramics,and is promising to produce garnet-based ceramic materials with excellent properties,thereby meeting the demands of advanced scintillation applications.

关键词： glass crystallization garnet antisite defects Lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)-Al_(2)O_(3)(LuAG-Al_(2)O_(3))transparent ceramics nanoceramics scintillation

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Chlorine-induced mixed valence of CuO_(x)/C to promote the electroreduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 8827-8835页

作者： Xin Wang Ming Miao Bowen Tang Haotian Duan Fulong Zhu Huigang Zhang Xian Zhang Wen-jin Yin Yongzhu Fu College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Physics and Electronic Science Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology China Academy of Space TechnologyBeijing 100094China

Electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)into high-value fuel is identified as one of the promising approaches to achieve carbon *** synthesis of high-efficiency CO_(2)reduction electrocatalysts with high C_(2):C_(1) selectivity remains a field of intense *** studies have shown that the presence of Cu(I)is beneficial for the reduction of CO_(2)into C_(2)***,the stable presence of Cu(I)remains controversial,especially in the negative potential *** we report a simple and easily scalable catalyst precursor Cu_(2)(OH)_(3)Cl/C,which automatically forms in-situ chlorine-doped Cu/Cu_(2)O heterointerface during *** catalyst not only exhibits a Faradaic efficiency of 33.03%but also provides a long-term stability of Cu^(+),gaining a stable electrolysis of 11 h,with an ethylene/methane ratio over *** experimental results and mechanistic studies confirm that the presence of Cl^(-)inhibits the reduction of Cu^(+),inducing the formation of Cu^(0)/Cu^(+),and reduces the reaction energy of the intermediate ^(*)CO dimerization,thereby facilitating the formation of C_(2)*** work provides a feasible way to synthesize copper ions with long-term and stable positive charge in CO_(2)RR and expands a new way to synthesize ethylene industrial products in the future.

关键词： basic copper chloride chlorine dopant mixed-phase catalysts CO_(2)reduction reaction ethylene

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