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Sustainability Assessment of Typical Energy Storage Technologies for Peak Shaving Scenarios Based on the Full Life Cycle 36

Sustainability Assessment of Typical Energy Storage Technolo...

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36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 2023

作者： Chen, Nana Han, Xiaoqu Li, Yanxin Huang, Xiaofan Li, Jiarui Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781713874928

With more renewable energy sources (RES) which are inherent intermittent and unpredictable connecting with power grid, various stability problems occur, among which the peak load regulation is the most prominent. Energy storage systems (ESSs) are essential for buffering the electricity grid. Selecting the most suitable energy storage technology among various alternatives is of great importance. In this work, the sustainability of typical energy storage technologies was studied with respect to four aspects for peak shaving scenarios, including technical (i.e. maturity, energy density, round-trip efficiency, duration ranges, life cycles, lifetime and position flexibility), economic (levelized cost of energy, net present value), environmental (i.e. global warming, damage to human health, damage to ecosystems, damage to resource availability) and social (public acceptance) based on the full life cycle. This study evaluated the soft criteria including maturity, position flexibility and public acceptance by Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) methods were combined to study the life-cycle environmental and economic performance. Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) was applied for determining the sustainability prioritization of energy storage technologies. The sensitivity analysis was carried out to investigate the effects of control and economic input parameters on environmental performance and economic performance. In addition, the effects of criteria weights, electricity sources and number of daily cycles were conducted on sustainability ranking of ESSs. The results showed Lithium iron phosphate battery (LIPB) and pumped hydro storage (PHS) had good sustainability performance, which could be the most suitable energy storage technologies for peak shaving scenarios. © (2023) by ECOS 2023 All rights reserved.

关键词： Life cycle

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Effect of Fuel System on the Heat Releasing Method and flow-Path Design of Rocket-Based Combined Cycle Engine 14

Effect of Fuel System on the Heat Releasing Method and Flow-...

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14th International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace engineering, ICMAE 2023

作者： Liu, Xiao Wang, Yinhu Yang, Yiyan Shi, Lei Yan, Dekun Xi'An Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an China Beijing Institute of Long March Vehicle Beijing China Northwestern Polytechnical University Science and Technology on Combustion Internal Flow and Thermal-structure Laboratory Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340327

Multi-components rocket-based combined cycle (RBCC) engine is widely applied in most two-stage-To-orbit program due to stable operation performance under variable flight conditions. Present researches numerically compared RBCC's performance under ramjet mode and scramjet mode, respectively, by using two fuel system, hydrogen and kerosene together with a \mathrm{k}-\omega SST turbulence model. Researches showed that the combustor area ratio should be increased to keep stable pressure difference balance between inflow and flame because of higher caloric value using hydrogen. Distributed heat addition method is benifit for overall performance improvement when using hydrogen. Different from using kerosene, head should be delayedly added in combustor downtream under scramjet mode. Moreover, the advanced heat addition amount should be decreased under ramjet mode to ensure effective isolator operation. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Hydrogen

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Numerical study of specific C-shaped heat exchanger using porous medium and coarse mesh coupling method

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International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2025年 210卷

作者： He, Shaopeng Wang, Shiqi Wang, Mingjun Tian, W.X. Qiu, S.Z. Su, G.H. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Porous medium method is an effective simplified approach for the heat exchanger simulation when the numerous tubes and complex structures bring unacceptable computational resources to full-scale simulation. However, for the specific C-shaped heat exchanger, the tube side resistance and flow distribution characteristics that significantly affects the heat transfer and natural circulation performance cannot be obtained by the traditional porous medium method coupled with the one-dimensional node model for tube side. It is urgent to develop a new coupling method that can not only simplify modeling and calculation, but also obtain tube side high-resolution flow heat transfer characteristics. This study presents a novel calculation method which couples the porous medium mesh and the tube side coarse mesh. The coupling method was then applied to a typical C-shaped passive residual heat removal heat exchanger (PRHR HX), which is significant to the stable operation and the mitigation of accident conditions in the nuclear power plant. The coupling calculation method was validated against the full-scaled simulation and data from scaled-down experiment. The average relative error of heat transfer power is 2.1 % under steady state conditions. Under transient conditions, the average absolute error of the fluid temperature and wall temperature are less than 6 K. Then the 3D thermal-hydraulic characteristics of PRHR HX was studied. Owing to a greater gravitational pressure head, the mass flow rates in the extended tubes surpass those in the shorter tubes by a relative deviation of 27.4 %. The upper horizontal tube's heat exchange capacity constitutes approximately 70 % of the total power, leading to enhanced natural circulation. The outlet temperatures from various tubes tend to equalize. The boiling area gradually extended down along the heat transfer tubes. Our work would present an innovative calculation method to the numerical study and design optimization of the C-shaped heat

关键词： Nuclear power plants

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Excellent Energy Storage Performance Achieved in Sr(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O3-Doped Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-Based Lead-Free Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics

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ACS Applied Energy Materials 2024年第5期7卷 2030-2038页

作者： Liu, Jinnan Li, Da Zhao, Weichen Xu, Diming Shi, Zhongqi Liu, Wenfeng Su, Jinzhan Zhou, Tao Chen, Guohua Zhou, Di Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education International Center for Dielectric Research School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Electronical Information Materials Devices Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials School of Material Science and Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin541004 China

Dielectric energy storage ceramics have received significant attention as the primary component for high-pulse power capacitors. Currently, their development is limited by poor energy storage performance, which affects the miniaturization and lightweighting of electronic devices. In this study, a comprehensive optimization approach was adopted to enhance the storage performance (recoverable energy density Wrec and conversion efficiency η) of 0.8Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.2NaNbO3 (BNT-NN) through component optimization design and repeated rolling process (RRP). A series of Sr(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O3 (SSN) was introduced into BNT-NN to modulate the phase structure and improve the relaxation properties. The repeated rolling process was applied to refine the grain and enhance the dense property to boost the breakdown of the electric field. Following the mentioned strategy, we have succeeded in simultaneously obtaining ultrahigh Wrec (∼7.22 J·cm-3) and outstanding η (∼95.32%) under 515 kV·cm-1 for 0.8(BNT-NN)-0.2SSN (RRP) ceramic. More importantly, the ceramic sample possesses outstanding stability over a wide range of temperatures (25-60 °C) and frequencies (1-100 Hz). This study proposes a viable route to better performance of dielectric ceramics for energy storage, and the outstanding performance of the 0.8(BNT-NN)-0.2SSN (RRP) ceramic indicates its promising applicability in high- and high-pulse-power electronic devices. © 2024 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Energy storage

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Thermal mechanical response analysis of the first wall in laser initial confinement fusion reactors

International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and...

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2025年第2期7卷 147-155页

作者： Xinze Li Bingqian Zhang Chengcheng Tong Ronghua Chen Dalin Zhang Wenxi Tian Suizheng Qiu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

This paper investigates the thermo-mechanical response characteristics of the first wall of a laser initial confinement fusion reactor under periodic transient heat flux loads. The first wall of the reactor experiences extremely high instantaneous heat loads during the target compression process, leading to temperature and thermal stress oscillations, which can cause material fatigue damage. Finite element analysis is employed to model the first wall under various chamber sizes and target energies, and the thermal-mechanical response characteristics of W, W/Cu functional gradient materials, and blanket materials are studied under thermal shock and cyclic loading conditions. The results indicate that W/Cu functional gradient materials can effectively alleviate thermal stresses on the first wall, especially in addressing the stress concentration at the interface. Fatigue life of the first wall is assessed using the Basquin model, and it is found that increasing the chamber size and increasing the target frequency can significantly reduce temperature oscillations and thermal stresses, thus extending the service life of the first wall. This study provides valuable design references for the optimization and design of the first wall in laser initial confinement fusion reactor.

关键词： Laser inertial confinement fusion reactor First wall Heat oscillation Thermal fatigue

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Improvement on Numerical Simulation of Supercritical Water flow in Horizontal Tubes: A Buoyancy-Tuned Turbulence Prandtl Number Model

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hou, Zhenghui Guo, Xinyang Liang, Zhicheng Yang, Kuang Yang, Chaofan Wang, Haijun State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

To improve the predictive accuracy of numerical simulations for supercritical water, the effect of turbulence Prandtl number (Prt) on supercritical water heat transfer was extensively studied using the Shear-Stress Transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model. The efficacy of typical turbulence Prandtl number models for predicting heat transfer in horizontal tubes with supercritical water was evaluated based on wall temperatures measured experimentally and fluid temperatures obtained from multi-point temperature measurement devices. These models successfully demonstrated the phenomenon of thermal stratification due to physical property variations, but their predictive performance near the pseudocritical temperature, particularly in the top wall region, was not satisfying. Building upon this, a new turbulence Prandtl number model suitable for horizontal supercritical water tubes, named the SWBT model, was developed through constant calibration and the addition of buoyancy tuned. This model effectively replicates severe heat transfer deterioration (HTD) and buoyancy-induced improvements in heat transfer, showing robust predictive capabilities with a wide array of experimental data from both the authors and other researchers. The model was tested across ranges of P=24.5-26.5 MPa, q/G=0.11-0.67, and tube diameters of 7.5 mm, 26 mm and 43 mm. Additionally, the model's performance was benchmarked against experimental results of axially non-uniform heat flux conducted by the authors, successfully reproducing the variations in wall temperature due to changes in heat flux. This study substantially enhances the accuracy of numerical simulations for supercritical water in horizontal tubes, offering valuable insights for the engineering applications of supercritical water and the design of heat exchangers. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Prandtl number

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Exploring multiple phases and first-order phase transitions in Kármán Vortex Street

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 47-54页

作者： Xu Li Xing Xiang Tingting Xue Limin Wang Xiaosong Chen School of Systems Science and Institute of Nonequilibrium Systems Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy ofSciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Kármán Vortex Street, a fascinating phenomenon of fluid dynamics, has intrigued the scientific community for a long time. Many researchers have dedicated their efforts to unraveling the essence of this intriguing flow pattern. Here, we apply the lattice Boltzmann method with curved boundary conditions to simulate flows around a circular cylinder and study the emergence of Kármán Vortex Street using the eigen microstate approach, which can identify phase transition and its order-parameter. At low Reynolds number, there is only one dominant eigen microstate W_(1) of laminar flow. At Re_(c)^(1)= 53.6, there is a phase transition with the emergence of an eigen microstate pair W^(2,3) of pressure and velocity fields. Further at Re_(c)^(2)= 56, there is another phase transition with the emergence of two eigen microstate pairs W^(4,5) and W^(6,7). Using the renormalization group theory of eigen microstate,both phase transitions are determined to be first-order. The two-dimensional energy spectrum of eigen microstate for W^(1), W^(2,3) after Re_(c)^(1), W^(4-7) after Re_(c)^(2) exhibit-5/3 power-law behavior of Kolnogorov's K41 theory. These results reveal the complexity and provide an analysis of the Kármán Vortex Street from the perspective of phase transitions.

关键词： Kármán Vortex Street first-order phase transition eigen microstate approach renormalization group theory of eigen microstate

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Eco-friendly calcium alginate microspheres enable enhanced profile control and oil displacement

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1928-1943页

作者： Xiao-Han Zhang Chang-Jing Zhou Yuan-Xiang Xiao Bo Hui Yong-Gang Xie Yu-Bin Su Xin-Ru Li Jie Huang Mao-Chang Liu International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049ShaanxiPR.China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Stimulation Technology for Oil&Gas Reservoirs School of Petroleum EngineeringXi'an Shiyou UniversityXi'an 710065ShaanxiPR.China Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute Changqing Oilfield Branch CompanyPetroChinaXi'an710021ShaanxiPR China Suzhou Academy of Xi'an Jiaotong University Suzhou215123JiangsuPR China

Polymer microspheres(PMs),such as polyacrylamide,have been widely applied for enhanced oil recovery(EOR),yet with environmental ***,we report a microfluid displacement technology containing a bio-based eco-friendly material,i.e.,calcium alginate(CaAlg)microspheres for *** dominant mechanisms responsible for EOR over Ca Alg fluid have been verified,including the microscopic oil displacement efficacy augmented by regulating capillary force(determined by the joint action of interfacial tension and wettability between different phases)and macroscopic sweep volume increment through profile control and mobility ratio *** comprehensive effectiveness can be further impacted when the CaAlg microsphere is embellished ulteriorly by using appropriate amount of sodium dodecyl sulfonate(SDS).The core flooding and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)tests demonstrate that CaAlg-SDS microsphere can balance the interphase property regulation(wettability alteration and IFT reduction)and rheology properties,enabling simultaneous profile control and oil *** introduction of SDS will have a negative impact on rheological properties,which is not favored for *** results show that the involvement of 4-m M SDS will provide the best behavior,with an EOR rate of 34.38%.This cost-effective and environmentally-friendly bio-microspherebased microfluidic displacement technology is expected to achieve“green”oil recovery in future oilfield exploitation.

关键词： Calcium alginate microspheres Wettability Interfacial tension Rheology Viscoelasticity Enhanced oil recovery(EOR)

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Optimization of Thermal Conductivity of Alumina-Filled Composites by Numerical Simulations

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第4期32卷 1569-1582页

作者： LI Shikun LIU Bin JIA Xiao XU Min ZONG Ruoyu LIU Guohua HUAI Xiulan Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System Nanjing211135China

Understanding the correlation between the physical features of composite components and thermal conductive pathway is beneficial to optimizing the overall heat-transfer ***,we conduct numerical simulation to investigate the thermal conductivity and heat flux distributions of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3))-filled *** finite element model was verified by both experimental data and theoretical *** crucial factors include the influence of the interface thermal resistance,the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the matrix and Al_(2)O_(3)filler,and the size effect of Al_(2)O_(3)fillers were *** single Al_(2)O_(3)-filled composites,the results indicate that increasing the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the matrix is conductive to bridge the Al_(2)O_(3)pathway along heat-transfer direction,but there are very limited contributions by enhancing the intrinsic thermal conductivity of Al_(2)O_(3)filler,tuning the size of Al_(2)O_(3)filler,and reducing the interface thermal *** introducing the multiscale fillers,it is found that the high thermal conductivity can be achieved by regulating their size matching *** the optimal binary ratio of 70:30(40µm:15µm)and ternary ratio of 55:35:10(40µm:15µm:10µm),the heat-conduction network presents the dominant skeleton of large-sized filler and the bridging branch of small-sized fillers features,which facilitates the formation of a complete and continuous thermal conductive *** study gives a practical guidance for the thermal conductive design of Al_(2)O_(3)-filled composites.

关键词： optimization size matching effect thermal conductivity numerical simulation multiscale Al_(2)O_(3)filler

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Evaluation of Load Following Control Strategy for Heat Pipe-Cooled Microreactor Coupled with Closed Brayton Cycle System

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Qian, Yiran Liu, Tao Zhang, Yan Leng, Yuyang Shi, Tianrun Song, Meihui Chen, Weixiong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Heat pipe-cooled reactors (HPCRs), with their straightforward and compact design and inherent safety features, are considered a promising option for mobile nuclear power sources. However, the coupling between the HPCR and the energy conversion system complicates load tracking control. In this study, a comprehensive dynamic model of an HPCR coupled with a closed-air Brayton cycle (CABC) is developed. This model integrates a neutron kinetics point reactor model, a thermal resistance network model for the heat pipe, and a CABC model representing the power conversion system. To achieve effective load tracking, a control scheme for the Brayton cycle power is proposed, combining turbine bypass control with inventory control. The system’s response to load variations, from 100% full power (FP) to 50% FP at a rate of 5% FP/min, is analysed, considering reactor power self-regulation. The results indicate that the reactor power exhibits an overshoot of -4.36% and stabilizes after 2100s, while the fuel average temperature fluctuates within ±4.6°C and stabilizes at 2240s. Building on the dynamic performance of the HPCR-CABC system, a reactor power control scheme is developed by adjusting control drums to introduce external reactivity. This scheme successfully controls reactor power at a steady state within 720s, without fluctuation. However, the fuel average temperature fluctuates by more than 10°C, stabilizing after 9450s. To improve control effectiveness, a temperature correction channel is incorporated into the reactor power control system. As a result, the fuel average temperature fluctuates within ±0.3°C and stabilizes at the design value of 699.4°C within 860s. Compared to previous control schemes, the improved cascade reactor power control scheme results in a shorter stabilization time for the fuel average temperature. To assess the adaptability of the proposed HPCR-CABC coordination control strategy, simulations are conducted for load reductions from 100% FP to 80%, 60%,

关键词： Brayton cycle

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