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Microinterfacial technology enhancing mass transfer in chemical engineering

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Green Energy & Environment 2021年第4期6卷 453-454页

作者： Suojiang Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The microbubble and microinterface play key roles in the development and progress of the technology in the field of chemical engineering,which has attracted broad attention from the scientific and industrial ***,Zhang et *** a book about microinterfacial mass transfer intensification technology,where they systematically introduced scientific essence,reaction mechanism,equipment structure,and influence law of multiphase reaction process strengthened by microinterface.I believe this book can promote the technological innovation of microbubble-related processes,and also the development of the green chemical industry!

关键词： microinterface microbubble mass transfer green chemical engineering

Supercritical Co2 -Promoted Degradation of Polystyrene to Aromatic Oils with Nio@C Catalyst

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Yanbing Shi, Jinwen Zhuang, Zitong Kang, Xing Mao, Liuhao Li, Yi Jin, Hui Zhao, Qiuyang Guo, Liejin International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 West Xianning Road Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Exploring new system for chemical recycling of plastic is an effective way to convert plastic waste into energy. Herein, the use of supercritical CO2 (Sc-CO2) to promote the catalytic degradation of polystyrene (PS) with high yield of aromatic oils was proposed. Sc-CO2 provided a homogeneous environment for the reaction, which not only facilitated the swelling of PS, but also inhibited the formation of coke, beneficial for the degradation of PS to aromatic oils. Importantly, CO2 was be consumed as an oxidant to generate new product and reduce greenhouse gas emission. The doped carbon material in NiO, which was stable in Sc-CO2 and had a simple preparation process, enriched the porous structure and increased the acidic sites, thus improving the catalytic activity. Under the co-action of Sc-CO2 and NiO@C, the yield of aromatic oils produced from PS was up to 89.3 ± 0.6 wt% at 300oC with a reaction time of 2 h and a catalyst loading amount of 10 wt%. Moreover, the NiO@C catalyst were used for three cycles without obvious change in the catalytic performance. The efficient catalytic degradation of PS to aromatic oils by Sc-CO2 promoted NiO@C catalysis provides a potential route for simultaneously recycling plastic and sequestering carbon. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

Magnetically enhancing diffusion for dendrite-free and long-term stable lithium metal anodes

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第5期7卷 965-974页

作者： Yongxiu Chen Xiangyu Dou Kai Wang Yongsheng Han State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamBirminghamBT152TTUK

Lithium metal batteries are promising devices for the next-generation energy storage due to their ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity and extremely low electrochemical *** inherent problem is the formation of lithium dendrites in cycling,which has induced safety concerns for almost half a *** understanding the formation mechanism of branching structures,we propose to suppress lithium dendrites by adopting external magnetic fields to induce diffusion enhancement at the interface of the anode,thus attenuating concentration gradient there and reducing the driving force for the formation of dendritic *** diffusion coefficient of lithium ions is dependent on the strength of magnetic fields,confirming the effectiveness of magnetic fields in improving Li^(+) *** employing the magnetic field of0.8 T,the concentration gradients at the growth front becomes nearly half of the control case,which leads to a dendrite-free lithium deposition up to the high current density of 10 mA cm^(-2).Both the Cu|LiCoO_(2) batteries and the symmetric Li | Li coin cells show a long-term stable cycling at high current densities under the assistance of magnetic *** diffusion enhanced technique promises a facile and general approach to suppress dendritic structures in secondary batteries,which may help to develop quick charging strategies.

关键词： lithium diffusion cycling

Experimental investigation on heat transfer characteristics of high temperature air in round tube

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 200-205页

作者： Qin, Hao Wang, Chenglong Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui Department of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University China

Air is widely utilized as working fluid in heat exchangers with high heat flux and high temperature, and the empirical correlations for predicting local and total heat transfer coefficients are indispensable for thermal design and optimization of the heat exchange applications. Experimental investigation on heat transfer characteristics of high temperature air in round tube is conducted. The experimental system is designed and constructed. The data processing method for obtaining wall temperature and heat transfer coefficient is introduced. The measured local and total heat transfer coefficients are compared with the widely adopted correlations, including Taylor's correlation and Gnielinski's correlation. The suggested empirical correlations obtained from the experimental data are presented, which may contribute to the design of heat exchangers concerning with high temperature air. © 2021 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Heat transfer coefficients

Influence of Bentonite on Copper Corrosion in Simulated Repository Electrolyte

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ning, Zhiyuan Zhou, Qulan Li, Na Macdonald, Digby D. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Departments of Nuclear Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

The impact of bentonite on the corrosion of oxygen-free copper (OF-Cu) and oxygen-free phosphorous copper (OFP-Cu) in prototypical groundwater environments (standard reference electrolyte, SRE) simulating the storage of copper High-Level Nuclear Waste (HLNW) cannisters in granitic rock repositories is explored. At low corrosion potentials (-0.1VSCE), bentonite suppresses copper corrosion in SRE through the anion-exclusion effect, with its inhibitory impact intensifying at higher bentonite concentrations. As the corrosion potential rises, bentonite’s enhanced adsorption of metal cations increases the corrosion current. Additionally, bentonite hydrolysis producing silicate ions that accelerates pitting corrosion, culminating in passive film breakdown. This dual mechanism may amplify intergranular corrosion. In environments where bentonite exacerbates corrosion, OFP-Cu demonstrates superior corrosion resistance, though the introduction of phosphorus may influence the acceleration of intergranular corrosion following passivity breakdown. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bentonite

A Novel Optimization Framework for Distributed Multi-Energy System Management and Multi-Energy Pricing Based on Stackelberg Game

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ren, Xiaoxiao Wang, Jinshi Yang, Sifan Zhao, Quanbin Jia, Yifan Ou, Kejie Hu, Guangtao Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Energy Engineering Yulin University Yulin719000 China

To achieve low-carbon operation of distributed multi-energy system (DMES) and enhance its activity in the energy market, this paper proposes a novel multi-objective Stackelberg game model. The DMES operator (DMEO) acts as the leader, guiding users’ behavior through DMES optimal scheduling and multi-energy pricing. The optimization objectives include maximizing DMEO revenues, minimizing DMES primary energy consumption and carbon emissions. The users act as followers, adjusting energy demand based on upper-level energy pricing with the objective of maximizing consumption surplus. To achieve the low-carbon and flexible operation of DMES, carbon trading and demand response mechanisms are introduced. The upper-level model is solved using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III (NSGA-III), while the lower-level model is solved by the Gurobi solver. Furthermore, a robust optimization model with adjustable robust measure is established to mitigate the impact of renewable energy uncertainty. Finally, the validity of the proposed model is verified by a data center in Qinghai. Compared with traditional Stackelberg game model, the proposed model reduces DMEO revenue by 0.63% but decreases carbon emissions by 1.64% and energy consumption by 1.59%. Under this optimization framework, the energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of DMES are 0.798 and 0.535, and the share of renewable energy is 34.6%. Besides, increasing renewable energy uncertainty leads to lower DMEO revenue, higher carbon emissions and energy consumption, while significantly reducing energy efficiency and exergy efficiency. The proposed multi-objective Stackelberg game model may provide some references for multi-stage energy system optimization. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy utilization

Influence of Bentonite on Copper Corrosion in Simulated Repository Electrolyte

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SSRN 2024年

The impact of bentonite on the corrosion of oxygen-free copper (OF-Cu) and oxygen-free phosphorous copper (OFP-Cu) in prototypical groundwater environments (standard reference electrolyte, SRE) simulating the storage of copper High-Level Nuclear Waste (HLNW) cannisters in granitic rock repositories is explored. At low corrosion potentials (-0.1V), bentonite suppresses copper corrosion in SRE through the anion-exclusion effect, with its inhibitory impact intensifying at higher bentonite concentrations. As the corrosion potential rises, particularly beyond the "bell-shaped" region in the polarization curve, bentonite's enhanced adsorption of metal cations increases the corrosion current. Additionally, bentonite hydrolysis producing silicate ions that accelerates pitting corrosion, culminating in passive film breakdown. This dual mechanism may amplify intergranular corrosion. In environments where bentonite exacerbates corrosion, OFP-Cu demonstrates superior corrosion resistance, though the introduction of phosphorus may influence the acceleration of intergranular corrosion following passivity breakdown. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Copper corrosion

Exploring Comprehensive Properties of a Novel Shape-Stabilized Composite Phase Change Material Of Lauric Acid-Palmitic Acid- Tetradecyl Alcohol/Vitrified Beads for Thermal Energy Storage

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yan, Qiuhui Jia, Mengyu Luo, Jieren Meng, Zeyu School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology Xi’an710055 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Excellent thermal properties are the cornerstone of phase change materials (PCMs) employed for energy storage, and leakage prevention and sufficient strength are the key problems that must be solved in the practical application process of PCMs. Therefore, the advantages of ternary PCMs (Lauric Acid-Palmitic Acid-Tetradecyl Alcohol, LA-PA-TA) and adsorbent carriers (Vitrified Bead, VB) are integrated to obtain a novel LA-PA-TA/VB composite PCM which exhibits favorable phase change temperature (20.1°C-20.5°C) and excellent subcooling (0.4°C). Then, the novel LA-PA-TA/VB is encapsulated with five materials to form shape-stabilized PCMs to reduce leakage. The experiments show that a shape-stabilized LA-PA-TA/VB (SS-LA-PA-TA/VB) encapsulated with the real stone paint emulsion-cement powder presents the optimal packaging effect, namely superior stability and reliability with low mass loss ratio of only 2.67% after 50 times phase change cycles. Next, the SS-LA-PA-TA/VB of the optimal package is further made into thermal energy storage mortar (TESM) with different SS-LA-PA-TA/VB content. It is shown that the thermal properties of TESM increase and the mechanical properties decrease with LA-PA-TA/VB. However, even with the LA-PA-TA up to 30% (30TESM), the compressive strength, flexural strength, apparent density, water absorption, and softening coefficient of the TESM still meets the Chinese National Standard, and some microscopic mechanisms have been investigated. Lastly, temperature regular ability and heat insulation performance of 30TESM and reference mortar are compared by temperature probe embedded inside the mortar blocks and installed in experiential small room. The results present that internal temperature of the mortar blocks, backside and central temperature of small room are 5.4°C, 5.6°C and 2.1°C lower than that of the reference group, respectively. It is thus clear that the novel low cost TESM exhibits a good temperature damping effect and temperature control p

关键词： Phase change materials

Thermodynamic Performance of Cacl2 Absorption Heat Pump Thermal Energy Storage System with Triple Storage Tanks

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Jinsen Zhou, Yuan Liu, Jiping Zhao, Yongliang Zhang, Shunqi Yan, Junjie MOE Key Laboratory of Thermal Fluid Science Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Absorption thermal energy storage has the characteristics of high thermal energy storage density (ESD) and low heat loss for long-term storage. To solve the coal-fired combined heat and power plant heat-power-coupling problem, in this work, an absorption heat pump thermal energy storage system (AHPTES) using CaCl2-water solution as the working fluid is proposed. A steady-state thermodynamic model of the system was constructed using Aspen Plus. Under the design conditions, the AHPTES system requires a tank volume of 464.61 m3 for one hour of operation, an ESD of 29.81 kW·h/m3, a thermal energy storage ratio of 46.50%, and a heating ratio of 53.54%. Compared to the dual-tank thermal energy storage system with H2O and CaCl2-water solutions as working fluids, the AHPTES system has 1.43 and 1.25 times higher ESD and 0.7 and 0.8 times lower tank volume, respectively. Then, the effects of CaCl2 mass fraction, driving pressure, evaporator outlet temperature, preheating temperature, and condensing temperature on the system performance are simulated. Improving the CaCl2 mass fraction, lowering the evaporator outlet temperature, and raising the condensing temperature and preheating temperature can boost the system's performance. At the optimal system performance, the required tank volume for one hour of system operation is 439.56m3, ESD can reach up to 37.39 kW·h/m3, heating ratio to 44.83%, and the energy storage ratio to 55.17%. Besides, raising the mass fraction of CaCl2 to 52% and decreasing the evaporator outlet temperature to 30 °C at 50% mass fraction resulted in crystallization of the system. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal energy