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International Conference on Frontiers of Energy, Materials and Information engineering, ICFMEI 2014

作者： Shi, Hong Wei Zhang, Xing Kai Wang, Dong Wang, Shuai State key lab of multiphase flow in power engineering Xi’an jiaotong university Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9783038352778

In order to solute the question of boiler ignition in thermal electrical factory of an Aluminun plant, Coke-oven gas was used to substitute for ligtht oil. At the same output of boiler, the cost of start up can be reduced;at low boiler output coke-oven gas can be used to ignite coal, and the ignition was steady. Once upon a time, the coke-oven gas was ignited directly in the air, it wasted energy and caused envirnmental pollution. The coke-oven gas guns were placed in the under secondary air and the middle secondary air, the output of single gas gun was 800Nm3/h;the virtue of the arrangement was to prevent coke-oven gas consuming so much air for the coal. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Coke

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CO_2 Leakage Identification in Geosequestration Based on Real Time Correlation Analysis Between Atmospheric O_2 and CO_2

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2014年第6期22卷 634-642页

作者：马登龙邓建强张早校 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University

The paper describes a method for monitoring CO2 leakage in geological carbon dioxide sequestration. A real time monitoring parameter, apparent leakage flux(ALF), is presented to monitor abnormal CO2 leakage, which can be calculated by atmospheric CO2 and O2 data. The computation shows that all ALF values are close to zero-line without the leakage. With a step change or linear perturbation of concentration to the initial CO2 concentration data with no leakage, ALF will deviate from background line. Perturbation tests prove that ALF method is sensitive to linear perturbation but insensitive to step change of concentration. An improved method is proposed based on real time analysis of surplus CO2 concentration in least square regression process, called apparent leakage flux from surplus analysis(ALFs), which is sensitive to both step perturbation and linear perturbations of concentration. ALF is capable of detecting concentration increase when the leakage occurs while ALFs is useful in all periods of leakage. Both ALF and ALFs are potential approaches to monitor CO2 leakage in geosequestration project.

关键词： CO2 monitor carbon storage gas leakage O2/CO2 exchange correlation analyysis

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Development and application of a UTSG thermal-hydraulic analysis code

Development and application of a UTSG thermal-hydraulic anal...

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International Congress on Advances in Nuclear power Plants, ICAPP 2014

作者： Cong, Tenglong Tian, Wenxi Su, Guanghui Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781632668264

Structural integrity of steam generator should be maintained during operation, since it performs as the pressure boundary of primary side coolant. Localized thermal-hydraulic parameters of secondary side are essential for the analysis of tube wastage, fatigue and failure. In this paper, a three-dimensional thermohydraulics analysis code, named STAF, is developed based on FLUENT. With STAF code, three-dimensional thermohydraulics of secondary side of AP1000 steam generator are generated. This code is developed based on the porous media theory. In this code, the drift flux two-phase model coupled with a simplified flow boiling model is utilized to present two-phase flow among the U-tube bundle. Downcomer, tube bundle, support plates and primary separators in steam generator are considered in STAF code. The calculated results are compared with a general steam generator thermohydraulic analysis code ATHOS, which is developed by the Westinghouse. The comparison indicates that STAF code performs well in evaluating thermal-hydraulic parameters in steam generator. The results show that the flow field varies significantly at different position in AP1000 steam generator. flow vapor quality at the inlet of primary separators varies significantly, which is a severe challenge to the capacity design of separators.

关键词： Steam generators

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Activating ZnO nanorod photoanodes in visible light by Cu ion implantation

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 353-364页

作者： Meng Wang Feng Ren Guangxu Cai Yichao Liu Shaohua Shen Liejin Guo International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi 710049 China School of Physics and Technology Center for Ion Beam Application Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

Utilization of visible light is of crucial importance for exploiting efficient semiconductor catalysts for solar water splitting. In this study, an advanced ion implantation method was utilized to dope Cu ions into ZnO nanorod arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting in visible light. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy （XPS） results revealed that Cu^＋ together with a small amount of Cu^2＋ were highly dispersed within the ZnO nanorod arrays. The Cu ion doped ZnO nanorod arrays displayed extended optical absorption and enhanced photoelectrochemical performance under visible light illumination （A 〉 420 nm）. A considerable photocurrent density of 18 μA/cm^2 at 0.8 V （vs. a saturated calomel electrode） was achieved, which was about 11 times higher than that of undoped ZnO nanorod arrays. This study proposes that ion implantation could be an effective approach for developing novel visible-light-driven photocatalytic materials for water splitting.

关键词： ion implantation Cu ion doping ZnO nanorods photoanode water splitting

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Influence of transient thermal response of solid wall on bubble dynamics in pool boiling

Influence of transient thermal response of solid wall on bub...

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作者： Zhang, Liang Li, Zhen-Dong Li, Kai Li, Hui-Xiong Zhao, Jian-Fu Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi710049 China Beijing102209 China

Numerical simulation of single bubble pool boiling process including transient thermal response of solid wall is performed using the ghost fluid method and the level set method for the sharp interface representation. The results show that non-physical initial condition in the numerical simulation deeply affects the process of bubble growth, and then multi-cycle simulation is necessary to eliminate its influence. It is shown by the present results that two nucleate criteria, i.e. constant waiting time and constant nucleate superheat, for determining the appearance time for the subsequent bubble lead to the same quasi-steady process of bubble growth if they are matched with each other. A periodically expanding and receding thermal "hollow" can be observed inside solid wall underneath the growing bubble. The recovery of the temperature on the nucleate site and the thermal boundary layer near the heating surface is influenced by transient heat conduction inside solid wall, which can affect evidently bubble thermal dynamics and heat transfer.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Development and application of a coal combustion life cycle on-line monitoring system

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Energy engineering: Journal of the Association of Energy engineering 2015年第1期112卷 28-46页

作者： Liu, Haiyu Tan, Houzhang Xiong, Xiaohe Ma, Lin Miao, Yang Xu, Tongmo Taiyuan University of Technology 030024 China Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd Beijing100069 China School of Process Environmental and Materials Engineering Centre for Computational Fluid Dynamics University of Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

In China, coal quality fluctuates and deviates greatly from the original design in many large-scale coal-fired power plants. To maintain a secure level and combustion efficiency, a "coal combustion life cycle online monitoring system" (CLMS) has been developed and installed on a 215MW boiler in China. Ten temperature detectors have been installed at the heights of three-layer burners along the furnace. To improve the accuracy of measuring unburnt carbon in fly ash, an adjustable microwave test facility was established. An on-line measurement device for unburnt carbon in ash has been newly developed and attached to the convection flue gas pass. To optimize combustion processes, a real-time neural network prediction model for coal calorific value has been developed. By calculating and analyzing the data in computer workstations, safety evaluation of burner ignition, economic analysis and energy loss analysis can be obtained in real time. As for fluctuation in coal quality, application of the system has improved boiler efficiency more than 1.0%, and reduced NOx by 10-15%. © Copyright Association of Energy Engineers (AEE).

关键词： Life cycle

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Rheological characteristics of CTAC aqueous solutions under the combined effects of shearing and temperature

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2014年第2期35卷 278-281页

作者： Xu, Na Wei, Jin-Jia State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The rheological properties of CTAC/NaSal aqueous solutions (NaSal had same molarity with CTAC.) with different concentrations were experimentally investigated at different temperatures ranging from 10°C to 70°C and different shear rates from 1 s-1 to 300 s-1. There were a critical shear rate and a critical temperature for all measured surfactant aqueous solutions with mass concentrations ranging from 0.001% to 0.015%. The effects of temperature and shearing on viscosity properties of surfactant solution varied with the concentration. Rheological characteristics of viscosity showed complex variations under the combined effects of temperatures and shearing even for the solutions with same concentration. Surfactant solution with relatively high concentration thickened for the second time when suffering from strong shearing and high temperature.

关键词： Temperature

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Effects of the turbulence and drag force on heat transfer characteristics in supercritical water fluidized bed

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Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of engineering Thermophysics 2014年第12期35卷 2437-2441页

作者： Lü, You-Jun Dong, Xu-Bin Zhang, Tian-Ning State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

The Eulerian two-fluid model based on Kinetic Theory of Granular flow was used to investigate the effects of the turbulence and drag force on heat transfer characteristics in supercritical water fluidized bed in this paper. Three drag models including Gidaspow, Syamlal-O'Brien and Wen-Yu drag models, and four turbulence models that are three high Renolds number turbulence model: standard κ - Ε, RNG κ - Ε, realizable κ - Ε and a low Renolds number turbulence model, are adopted. The results show that the Gidaspow drag model is the most proper drag model in SCW fluidized bed among three models employed. As for the four turbulence models, the bed-to-wall heat transfer coefficients simulated with the three high Renolds number turbulence models are in a good consistency, and are all larger than that simulated with the low Renolds number turbulence model. RNG κ- Ε turbulence model is the most proper one for the simulation of heat transfer characteristics in SCW fluidized bed with comprehensive considerations. © 2014, Science Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Fluidized beds

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Shock tube study on ignition delay of multi-component syngas mixtures - Effect of equivalence ratio

Shock tube study on ignition delay of multi-component syngas...

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作者： Thi, Luong Dinh Zhang, Yingjia Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Le Quy Don Technical University Hanoi Viet Nam

Ignition delays were measured in a shock tube for syngas mixtures with argon as diluent at equivalence ratios of 0.3, 1.0 and 1.5, pressures of 0.2, 1.0 and 2.0 MPa and temperatures from 870 to 1350 K. Results show that the influences of equivalence ratio on the ignition of syngas mixtures exhibit different tendency at different temperatures and pressures. At low pressure, the ignition delay increases with an increase in equivalence ratio at tested temperature. At high pressures, however, an opposite behavior is presented, that is, increasing equivalence ratio inhibits the ignition at high temperature and vice versa at intermediate temperature. The affecting degree of equivalence ratio on ignition delay is different for each mixture at given condition, especially for the syngas with high CO concentration. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate that reaction H + O2 = O + OH (R1) dominates the syngas oxidation under all conditions. With the increase of CO mole fraction, reactions CO + OH = CO2 + H (R27) and CO + HO2 = CO2 + OH (R29) become more important in the syngas ignition kinetics. With the increase of pressure, the reactions related to HO2 and H 2O2 play the dominate role. The opposite influence of equivalence ratio on ignition delay at high- and intermediate-temperatures is chemically interpreted through kinetic analyses. © 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shock tubes

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Experimental study on the submerged steam jet through side hole nozzle

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2015年第1期88卷

作者： W Wang F Yuan Q B Zhao D T Chong W X Chen J J Yan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 PR China

In this paper, the steam shape parameters and the condensation oscillation characteristics of the direct contact condensation of submerged steam jet into subcooled water were investigated through a side hole nozzle. Meanwhile, the dimensionless jet length and the expansion ratio versus pool water temperature and steam mass flux were obtained by measuring the photographs taken by a high speed camera. Both of them increased gradually with rise of pool water temperature and steam mass flux. A comparison of the shape parameters of three different style nozzles was also achieved. And a correlation of the dimensionless jet length was obtained, the predicted data agreed well with the experimental data, while the discrepancy was within ±5%. For the pressure oscillation versus steam mass flux, the peaks and the root mean square value of pressure oscillation were almost consistent in the range of 150-400 kgm-2s-1, while both of them increase in the range of 400-800 kgm-2s-1. The positive peak and negative peak were completely symmetrical.

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