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International Journal of Fluid engineering 2024年第4期1卷 76-88页

作者： Hongtu Wu Miso Jurcevic Henrik Ström Muhammad Shahzad Khurram Hui Jin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering(SKLMF) Xi’an Jiaotong University28 Xianning West RoadXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina LTEF—Laboratory for Thermodynamics and Energy Efficiency Faculty of Electrical EngineeringMechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture(FESB)University of SplitRudjera Boskovica 3221000 SplitCroatia Chalmers University of Technology GöteborgSweden COMSATS LahorePakistan

The clean and efficient separation of supercritical water gasification products(SCWGP)has emerged as a significant challenge in supercritical water gasification *** paper proposes the use of a supersonic nozzle for the condensation and separation of H2and CO_(2)from SCWGP,leveraging the high-pressure characteristics of these *** establishing a flow model and a condensation model for the supersonic nozzle,the effects of inlet pressure and inlet temperature on the condensation process are *** analysis reveals that the latent heat released during condensation causes an abnormal distribution of pressure and temperature within the *** the inlet pressure of the nozzle is increased from 7.0 to 9.0 MPa,the liquid phase mass fraction at the outlet rises from 5.3×10^(-3)to ***,when the inlet temperature is lowered from 300.0 to 290.0 K,the liquid phase mass fraction at the outlet also rises from 5.3×10^(-3)to *** increase in inlet pressure leads to the condensation location shifting toward the throat by~8.5×10^(-3)m·MPa^(-1),while the impact of inlet temperature is approximately-2.3×10^(-3)m·K^(-1).The nucleation rate in the nozzle is always concentrated in a small region.

关键词： condensation separation outlet

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Experimental Study on Stable Jet Impact Process Under Simulated Pipeline Rupture

Experimental Study on Stable Jet Impact Process Under Simula...

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Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)

作者： Zhang Tao Bi Qincheng Zhao Jinle Wang Teng Chen Jingrong Feng Fan State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power University Bao’ding Hebei China

ISBN: (数字)9798350318821

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318838

In this study, an advanced experimental system was utilized that incorporated heating, jetting, recycling, and cooling capabilities to ensure the successful execution of stable jet impact experiment that simulating a pipeline complete rupture. High-temperature resistant tempered glass was employed in the experimental system to realize the visibility. During the experiment, 8mm pipes/nozzles of varying lengths were employed as the test sections, and jetting phenomena when the import status is single-phase cold water or two-phase mixture at 0-2MPa were obtained by high-resolution photos. Additionally, the shape of the jet cone and the impact force exerted on the target plate were meticulously analyzed after the working fluid under different state parameters jetting into an atmospheric pressure environment through pipes/nozzles. The research also focused on the variation trend in the magnitude of the jet-impact force, as a function of inlet pressure and temperature, target plate distances, and length-to-diameter ratios. The research findings revealed that cold water(below 100°C), sub-cooled water(above 100°C but not reaching saturation temperature), and two-phase steam-water mixture exhibited distinct jet cone shapes during the jetting process, resulting in varying distributions of the jet force. Furthermore, the distance from the spout to the target plate and the length-to-diameter ratio significantly influenced the magnitude of the jet impact force.

关键词： Resistance Visualization Temperature distribution Fluids Shape Force Pipelines

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Hierarchical Heterojunctions of Metal Sulfide Nanosheets/ Metal Oxide Nanofibers for an Efficient Detection of Formaldehyde

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhu, Lei Zhang, Jiaxin Wang, Jianan Liu, Jianwei Wang, Ze Yan, Wei Xi’an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Resource Regeneration and Recycling State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Physics and Electrical Engineering Weinan Normal University Chaoyang Street Weinan714099 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an University of Science & Technology Xi’an710054 China

The construction of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) heterojunctions for high performance gas sensors has garnered significant attention due to their capacity to operate at low temperature. Herein, we realize two-dimensional (2D) WS2 nanosheets in situ grown on one-dimensional (1D) In2O3 nanofibers to form heterostructures for formaldehyde (HCHO) gas sensors. Capitalizing on the p-n heterojunctions formed between WS2 and In2O3, coupled with the high surface-to-volume ratio characteristic of 1D nanostructures, the WS2/In2O3 NFs sensor demonstrated a high gas response value of 12.6 toward 100 ppm HCHO at operating temperature of 140 ℃, two times greater than that of the pristine In2O3 sensor. Meanwhile, the sensor presents remarkable repeatability, rapid response/ recovery time, and good long-term stability. The superior sensing capabilities of WS2/In2O3 NFs heterojunction are attributed to the combined impact of the increased charge transfer and the presence of more sites for gas adsorption. The research endows a potent approach for fabricating TMDs heterojunctions to significantly improve the performance of gas sensors. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tungsten compounds

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Curvature-property coupling governed heat transfer deterioration in supercritical helically coiled tubes: Mechanistic insights and mitigation strategies via structural parametrization

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International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2025年 215卷

作者： Chang, Fucheng Xin, Jiaxing Wu, Xiaoyi Li, Liwei Li, Huixiong Zhu, Yanlin National Key Lab of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China China Special Equipment Testing and Research Institute Beijing100029 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co. Ltd Shanghai200233 China

The unique thermo-hydrodynamic coupling phenomena in the helically coiled tube (HCT) handling supercritical fluids present both opportunities and challenges for next-generation compact heat exchangers. While the pronounced thermophysical property variations near pseudo-critical temperatures (Tpc) and curvature-induced secondary flows synergistically enhance heat transfer coefficient (HTC), their nonlinear coupling mechanisms may unexpectedly provoke severe heat transfer deterioration (HTD). Through systematic numerical investigations, this study reveals that circumferential wall temperature inhomogeneity (CWTI) exhibits an inverted N-shaped evolution, providing valuable insights for thermal homogenization design near Tpc. The secondary flow Reynolds number (Se), quantifying secondary flow intensity, shows a monotonic increase with decreasing coil diameter (Dc) or inner diameter (Di), reaching saturation in high-enthalpy regions. Notably, CWTI demonstrates non-monotonic behavior, achieving minimum values near Tpc before manifesting distinct rebound characteristics near Tpc conditions. Parametric analysis establishes that: (1) Elevating heat flux (q) increases Se, reducing Dc boosts it by 50.3 %, and decreasing Di raises it by 60.0 %. (2) HTD predominantly initiates at the outer wall under high-q conditions, with Dc reduction achieving HTD suppression and 26.9 % enhancement in the local HTC;(3) Reducing the Di results in a reduction of maximum CWTI by 22.5 %–28.6 %, suggesting that structural parametrization effectively mitigates wall temperature non-uniformity, thus suppressing the HTD. While centered on supercritical water, the dimensionless scaling relationships demonstrate extendibility to other media, with the curvature-property coupling mechanism both elucidating fundamental interactions and guiding robust heat exchanger design. © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS

关键词： Electric heating

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Interfacial Mass Transfer Enhancement for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Using 3d flow Field Structure

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wang, Baoyuan Yang, Suyi Lai, Yongquan Su, Jinzhan International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Hydrogen production using solar energy water splitting is an economical and feasible clean energy solution. It is recognized that the efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting is not only related to the electrode material, but also influenced by the mass transport at the electrode surface. To investigate that relationship, we design a novel photoelectrochemical water splitting reactor, which generates a turbulent flow at the electrode/electrolyte interface, and change the temperature of the electrolyte. It was found that the flow rate and temperature of the electrolyte mainly affect the mass transport and charge transfer at the photoelectrode/electrolyte interface. Based on the results of LSV, EIS, and the calculation of mass transfer coefficient, the photoelectrochemical performance of the system at flow rate ranging from 0 to 145 ml/min and temperature between 20-90 °C is analyzed. The influence of the flow rate on the photocurrent density is more significant during the transition of the flow state and at the high flow rate. The best performance is achieved at the flow rate of 127 ml/min, and the temperature of 90 °C. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results show that in the test range, ion transport impedance decreases with increasing electrolyte temperature, as a result, the photocurrent density at 90 °C is increased about 2.2 times compared to that at 20 °C. It is also shown that the design of the 3D step-like structure has a more significant effect on the electrolyte flow than the planar structure, and the photocurrent density is increased about 1.3 times. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mass transfer

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Gold/oxide heterostructured nanoparticles for enhanced SERS sensitivity and reproducibility

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Rare Metals 2020年第7期39卷 834-840页

作者： Qi-Kui Fan Ting-Zhuo Liu Hou-Shen Li Shu-Meng Zhang Kai Liu Chuan-Bo Gao Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China

In surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS),it is highly desirable to obtain Raman signals with high sensitivity and reproducibility from noble metal nanoparticle substrates,which remains a great challenge due to the inhomogeneity of the plasmonic coupling that is sensitive to the interparticle *** this work,we report that the interparticle plasmonic coupling could be circumvented by first synthesizing Au/metal or nonmetal oxide heterostructured nanoparticles and then depositing them uniformly onto the substrates,leading to high reproducibility of the Raman *** plasmonic coupling has been found at the Au/oxide interface,which enables high sensitivity of the SERS analysis that accompanies the excellent signal *** different oxides investigated(SiO2,TiO2 and Fe2O3),the Au/Fe2O3 heterostructured nanoparticles demonstrate the highest Raman enhancement *** believe our strategy opens a promising route to fabricate SERS substrates that are capable of sensitively and quantitatively detecting molecules of interest in a much reliable manner.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles Au/oxide heterostructures Hot spots Surface-enhanced Raman scattering Reproducibility

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Research on the Combustion Effect and Mechanism of Aluminum Droplets in Ap/Htpb Composite Propellant

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Bin Wang, Jiahao Lou, Yongchun Zhao, Yu Wang, Ji Wang, Ying Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Space Propulsion Technology Research Institute Shanghai201109 China

To investigate the combustion phenomenon of aluminum droplets within propellants, this study amalgamates the evaporation combustion process of aluminum droplets with the AP/HTPB (Ammonium perchlorate/Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene) multi-flame structure model. Consequently, a numerical simulation approach is established to depict the combustion behavior of aluminum droplets in a high-temperature gas environment. The paper scrutinizes the dynamics, deformations, combustion characteristics, and their influence on the propellant flow field under diverse conditions. The findings of this research affirm that the non-uniform flow velocity at the AP and HTPB inlets imparts distinct pressures on the droplets' surface, thereby precluding their spherical morphology. As the droplet diameter diminishes, the effect of deformation gradually abates, leading the droplets to gravitate towards the AP region. The addition of aluminum droplets disrupts and enhances heat transfer within the external flow field of propellant combustion, while their own combustion engenders a substantial amount of heat, thus elevating the overall combustion temperature of the propellant. Moreover, aluminum droplets perturb the distribution of different components in the flow field, affording more opportunities for intermolecular encounters, and consequently augmenting the efficiency of the overall reaction compared to scenarios without aluminum droplets. Remarkably, the combustion efficiency of aluminum droplets is amplified in high-pressure environments. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： flow fields

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General analytical equation of state for nanoconfined gases derived from statistical physics

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Physical Review E 2025年第2期111卷 025413-025413页

作者： Chengzhen Sun Haoxuan Li Zhixiang Zhao Mehdi Neek-Amal Bofeng Bai State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China School of Urban Planning and Municipal Engineering Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an Shaanxi 710048 China Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University 16875-163 Lavizan Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran Department of Physics University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium

The pressure prediction of nanoconfined gases is crucial for various industrial applications, yet existing equations of state (EOS) often compromise between accuracy and usability. This study derives a theoretical EOS in analytical form, combining precision and practicality through statistical physics. It begins by examining the pressure drop mechanism due to adsorbed molecules and refines molecular pairing and potential energy interactions. The resulting EOS accurately predicts the pressure of gases in nanoconfined spaces, especially with an average prediction error of about 5% for strongly adsorbing gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. Additionally, it aligns with the Van der Waals EOS under macroscopic conditions, offering a unified framework across scales. This model enhances both engineering applications and the understanding of nanoconfined EOS.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Evaluation of droplet drag force model on spray and atomization behaviours of R134a flashing spray 14

Evaluation of droplet drag force model on spray and atomizat...

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14th International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, ICLASS 2018

作者： Zhou, Zhi-Fu Lu, Guan-Yu Zhang, Lu Chen, Bin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Flashing spray is of great importance in a variety of engineering fields, which occurs as the pressurized liquid is released into a low-pressure environment below its saturation pressure. This paper conducts a systematically numerical study on the spray and thermal characteristics of R134a flashing spray with high volatility and low saturation temperature, using a modified sprayFoam solver in the open source tool OpenFOAM-2.4.0. key physics involved in the complex process, including droplet flash boiling, evaporation, droplet transport, breakup, heat transfer and interaction between droplet and gas phases are taken into consideration. The emphasis is put on the droplet drag force model and nozzle diameter on flashing spray including spray morphology, droplet diameter, velocity and temperature. The result indicates that most of the drag force models have little effect on droplet diameter, velocity and temperature distributions in flashing spray, except the Khan-Richardson (K-R) model. The K-R model predicts lower temperature, higher velocity and larger size of droplet, compared to other models. The nozzle diameter greatly affects R134a spray morphology and tip penetration, that smaller diameter contributes to a larger radial expansion at the near nozzle region while leading to a much smaller penetration distance. This research give a useful guidance that how people choose the appropriate drag force model for simulation of flashing spray. © 2018 Solar Turbines Incorporated.

关键词： Morphology

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Experimental investigation on flash evaporation related to pipe leakage

Experimental investigation on flash evaporation related to p...

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作者： Cai, Benan Zhang, Qi Weng, Yu Gu, Hongfang Wang, Haijun State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Pipelines such as the surge line and main pipe are easily subjected to thermal stratification and thermal fatigue as a result of the nonuniform temperature distribution in the nuclear power plants. When the surge line or main pipe subjected to thermal stratification and thermal fatigue keeps operating for long time, the pipe leakage may happen due to the existence of pipeline crack. When the fluids with high temperature and pressure leak in the crack, the water will evaporate quickly, which means this process belongs to spray flash evaporation process. The flash evaporation related to pipe leak was experimentally studied in the paper. The experiment was carried out under high temperature and high pressure with low spray rate. The temperature and relative humidity (T&H) variations over time were monitored in the experiment with installing T&H detectors. The T&H variations at different measurement positions and with different spray rates were analyzed, respectively. In addition, the effect of the dimensionless parameters including the Weber number and Jakob number was also investigated. Results indicated that the response speed increased with the increase of the spray flow rate. Higher Weber number and higher Jakob number led to higher evaporation rate. The slight pipe leakage can be predicted by using the (T&H) in the hazardous areas. Copyright © 2020 by ASME

关键词： Nuclear fuels

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